RU2439321C1 - Open-underground method of bedded deposits mining - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method includes opening of a deposit by open and underground mines, and beds are extracted. Open mining works are carried out from a central trench to a flanking one, and underground mining works are carried out in a reverse direction. At the same time between open and underground mining works a barrier pillar is left with width of B_p=250-300 m. Simultaneously with bed extraction a filling material is fed into an underground developed space, which is formed from rocks of open pit overburden and other wastes, and transportation of coal is carried out into a central trench. The barrier pillar is worked with access chambers at two stages, with their further filling, length of which is determined using a mathematical expression. As front of barrier pillar mining is removed, an internal rock waste is formed. Transport of mine coal to a common coal depot is carried out with a belt conveyor.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of mineral reserves extraction and reduced environmental damage.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of reservoir deposits.

There is a method of open-underground mining of pillars of coal, including the extraction of pillars by conducting from the side of the quarry to the border of the mine field treatment chambers and leaving between the treatment chambers supporting pillars of coal [1].

The disadvantages of the method are the incompleteness of coal from the barrier pillar and the limited conditions of application of the method.

A known method of opening and developing elongated along the strike and dip of coal deposits, including opening a coal deposit and the step-by-step excavation of overburden and coal by the fall of the seam, transporting coal and overburden [2].

The disadvantages of the method are the large volume of the conductive inclined mine workings and the low level of safety of underground mining in terms of maintaining the inclined workings in the side and bottom of the trench.

A known method of open-underground mining of minerals from the sides of quarries and trenches, including the extraction of minerals by penetrations with the formation of excavation chambers and leaving tape safety pillars between them with the subsequent laying of the worked out space [3].

The disadvantages of the method are the incompleteness of the extraction of coal from the barrier pillars and the limited conditions of application of the method.

A known method for the combined development of a suite of adjoining strata, including overburden and mining operations on strata intended for open cast mining, underground excavation and preparatory mine workings and treatment works on the underlying adjacent stratum intended for underground excavation [4].

The disadvantages of the method are the large amount of work on drilling wells for silting underground mined space and the difficulty of maintaining them in the zone of influence of underground mining.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is a method for the combined development of shallow seams of coal deposits [5]. The method includes simultaneous drilling of the formation after stopping opencast mining and conducting revealing underground mine workings in the underground section of the formation. Leave the rear pillar. Preparatory and rifting workings are conducted for underground excavation of the formation, and mining operations are carried out after drilling the formation from the surface or simultaneously with drilling.

The disadvantages of the method are large losses of minerals when drilling the formation and the violation of large areas of land by external dumps.

The objective of the invention is to increase the extraction of mineral reserves and reduce environmental damage.

The problem is solved as follows: open-cast mining is carried out from the central trench to the flank, and underground mining in the opposite direction from the flank mine to the central, while between the open and underground mining leave a barrier pillar with a width of V _c = 250-300 m, at the same time, filling material is formed into the underground mined space, formed from overburden rocks of the section and other wastes, and coal is transported to the central trench. Barrier rib fulfill extraction chambers in two stages, the length of which is determined by the formula L _K = B _i -20 m, and their subsequent laying between adjacent chambers the first series of coal left pillar width Z _i = 2Z + Z _{LC QAM} where Z _LC - width belt pillar, Z _cam - chamber width, which work out the camera of the second series after the laying of the first series of cameras.

When removing the front of open mining operations and the front of working off the barrier pillar, an internal rock dump is formed that separates open and underground mining operations in the barrier pillar, while at the bottom of the trench leave a site of minimum width L _n for the safe movement of dump trucks.

Coal mine transport to the bunker in the central trench is carried out by belt conveyors, and the mine is transported by dump trucks, from where coal is issued by a common belt conveyor for the mine and mine to a common coal warehouse.

An underground mined space is laid, with the mobile complex for the preparation of filling material placed in a trench next to the waste dump.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig.1 is a diagram of the opening and mining of a coal deposit by open-underground method; figure 2 - location of the extraction chambers in the rear pillar.

The opening of the mine field is carried out by conducting a major central trench 1 and flank trench 2, after which coal is mined in the seam 3 by an open method from a split trench 4, conducted from the center to the flank.

Opening of the deposit from the central trench is carried out by inclined shafts 5, from the flank inclined shafts 6, preparation of excavation columns is carried out by drifts 7, coal is mined in the working face 8, moving from the flank to the center. As it moves into the worked-out space 9 serves filling material.

Between the open and underground mine workings, a barrier coal pillar is left with a width of V _c = 250-300 m, which is worked out by unsecured treatment chambers 10 of a length L _K = V _c -20 m, a width of Z _kam with their subsequent laying. The barrier rib is fulfilled in two stages, the first series is initially the chamber 10, between which is left pillar width Z _i = 2Z + Z _{LC stone,} after which it is worked through a series of second chamber 11, which ensures the stability of tape width 12 entirely Z _LC.

As the front of open mining operations and the front of the mining of the barrier move, an internal rock dump 13 is formed, with the platform 14 for the passage of dump trucks 15 of the minimum width L _n remaining at the bottom of the trench for safety conditions.

Coal is transported from the mine to the central trench by belt conveyors, and the mine is transported by dump trucks to the hopper 16, from where coal is issued by a common belt conveyor 17 for the mine and the mine to a common coal warehouse 18.

The preparation of the filling mixture for feeding into the worked-out space is carried out in the mobile complex of the underground bookmark 19, located next to the waste dump 13.

Information sources

1. RF patent №2329380, MKI ⁵ Е21С 41/04. The method of open-underground mining of pillars of coal left between the boundary of the mine field and the side of the quarry / V.P. Zubov, D.V. Osminin. Publ. 07/20/2008.

2. RF patent No. 2231642, MKI 5 E21C 41/26. The method of opening and development of elongated along strike and dip coal deposits with dipping and inclined seams of high power / V.I. Cheskidov, E.I. Vasiliev, V.N. Vlasov. Publ. 06/27/2004.

3. RF patent No. 2224107, MKI ⁵ E21C 41/04. The method of open-underground mining of minerals / A.G. Netsvetaev. Publ. 02/20/2004.

4. RF patent No. 2211331, MKI ⁵ E21C 41/00. A combined method of developing a suite of adjacent layers / P.N. Vasiliev, V.P. Zubov. Publ. 08/27/2003.

5. RF patent No. 2312218, Е21С 41/00. The method of combined development of shallow seams of coal deposits / M.D.Novopashin, P.N. Vasiliev, V.A.Sherstov. Publ. 12/10/2007.

Claims (5)

1. An open-underground method for developing reservoir deposits, including opening a mine with open pit mines at the boundaries of a mine field and mining seams, opening, preparing and mining seams underground, transporting coal, characterized in that open-pit mining leads from the central trench to the flank, and underground mining in the reverse direction from the flank to the central mining, wherein between the open and underground mining operations leave the barrier rib width B _i = 250-300 m dnovremenno goaf in underground backfill material is fed formed of rock overburden section and other wastes, and transport coal to produce a central trench. 2. The open-underground method of developing field deposits according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrier pillar is worked out by treatment chambers without fixing in two stages, the length of which is determined by the formula L _k = B _c -20 m, with their subsequent laying, between adjacent the first series of chambers retained coal pillar width Z _i = 2Z + Z _{LC QAM} where Z _LC - width belt pillar, Z _Cams - chamber width that fulfill chamber after laying the second series of chambers the first series. 3. The open-underground method of developing field deposits according to claim 1, characterized in that when removing the front of open mining operations and the front of working off the barrier pillar, an internal rock dump is formed that separates open and underground mining operations in the barrier pillar, while at the bottom of the trench leave a platform of minimum width L _n for the safe movement of dump trucks. 4. The open-underground method of developing reservoir deposits according to claim 1, characterized in that the coal mine is transported to the central trench by belt conveyors, and the mine is dumped to the hopper, from where coal is issued by a common belt conveyor for the mine and mine to a common coal warehouse. 5. An open-underground method for developing field deposits according to claim 1, characterized in that the underground mined space is laid, while the mobile complex for preparing the filling material is placed in a trench next to the waste dump.

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