CN114320298B - Coal mining method - Google Patents
Coal mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114320298B CN114320298B CN202210010532.8A CN202210010532A CN114320298B CN 114320298 B CN114320298 B CN 114320298B CN 202210010532 A CN202210010532 A CN 202210010532A CN 114320298 B CN114320298 B CN 114320298B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 781
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 685
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The application discloses a coal mining method, comprising the following steps: and carrying out the following mining operation on the coal mining units adjacent to the dumping site in the coal mining area according to the first preset direction. Performing a mining operation on a first coal mining unit, the mining operation of the first coal mining unit including: a coal pit is dug in the first coal mining unit, and a coal rock column is reserved. After the mining operation of the first coal mining unit is completed, the mining operation of the second coal mining unit is carried out, and comprises the following steps: and digging a coal pit in the second coal mining unit and reserving a coal and rock pillar. After the mining operation of the second coal mining unit is completed, backfilling the first coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation of the first coal mining unit comprises: and recovering the coal and rock pillars in the first coal mining unit. The coal mining mode of each coal mining unit according to the trend pushing trend mining can well prevent the earth dumping site from slipping in the mining process.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a coal mining method.
Background
For open pit coal mining, a mode of trend pushing and trend mining is generally adopted in the related art, namely, a coal mining belt adjacent to a dumping site is pushed in and out along the trend, and then coal mining operation is carried out on the coal mining belt along the trend.
However, due to the characteristics of the geological structure, when coal mining is carried out under the geological conditions of complex geological conditions, mud-sand interbedded, small stratum permeability coefficient, loose, soft and sticky stripping materials and extremely easy softening when meeting water, the problems of displacement, sedimentation, cracking and the like of the side slope of the dumping site are easily caused by adopting the mode, and the problem of extrusion or cladding of the coal face on the front side slope of the dumping site is caused by serious problems, so that the efficiency and quality of coal production are reduced, and potential safety hazards are also easily generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The application discloses a coal mining method to solve the problems that a coal mining mode in the related art is easy to cause displacement, sedimentation and cracking of a side slope of a dumping site.
In order to solve the problems, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
a method of mining coal, comprising: the following mining operations are carried out on coal mining units adjacent to the dumping site in the coal mining area according to a first preset direction:
performing a mining operation on a first coal mining unit, the mining operation of the first coal mining unit including: digging a coal pit in the first coal mining unit and reserving a coal rock column;
after the mining operation of the first coal mining unit is completed, performing the mining operation on the second coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the second coal mining unit comprises: digging a coal pit in the second coal mining unit and reserving a coal rock column;
after the mining operation of the second coal mining unit is completed, backfilling the first coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation of the first coal mining unit comprises: recovering coal and rock pillars in the first coal mining unit;
wherein,
the coal mining area comprises a plurality of coal mining units, the first coal mining unit and the second coal mining unit are any two coal mining units in the plurality of coal mining units, and the first coal mining unit and the second coal mining unit are adjacent; the dumping site and the coal mining area are sequentially arranged in a second preset direction, and the second preset direction is different from the first preset direction; the coal-rock pillar is located between the coal pit and the dump.
Further, the mining operation of the first coal mining unit further includes:
digging a coal pit in the first coal mining unit, and then digging a drainage ditch in the coal pit of the first coal mining unit;
wherein the drainage ditch in the first coal mining unit is adjacent to the second coal mining unit;
the mining operation of the second coal mining unit further includes:
digging a drainage ditch in the second coal mining unit after the second coal mining unit is mined to form a coal pit;
wherein, the drainage ditch in the first coal mining unit is communicated with the drainage ditch in the second coal mining unit.
Further, the backfilling operation of the first coal mining unit further comprises:
recovering coal and rock pillars in the first coal mining unit so that coal pits in the first coal mining unit are adjacent to a dumping site;
backfilling a first portion of the coal pit in the first coal mining unit to form a drainage foot;
reserving a second portion of the coal pit in the first coal mining unit to form a safe zone;
the soil discharging field comprises a soil discharging presser foot, the soil discharging presser foot and the safety zone are sequentially arranged along a second preset direction, and the drainage ditch is arranged in the safety zone and is opposite to the soil discharging presser foot.
Further, after performing the following mining operations on coal units adjacent to the dumping site in the coal mining area according to the first preset direction, the method further includes:
the following mining operations are performed on coal mining units adjacent to the first mining zone in the coal mining area according to a first preset direction:
carrying out mining operation on the third coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the third coal mining unit comprises the following steps: digging a coal pit in the third coal mining unit;
after the mining operation of the third coal mining unit is completed, the mining operation of the fourth coal mining unit is performed, and comprises the following steps: digging a coal pit in the fourth coal mining unit;
wherein,
the first mining zone comprises a first coal mining unit and a second coal mining unit, the second mining zone comprises a third coal mining unit and a fourth coal mining unit, the dumping site, the first mining zone and the second mining zone are sequentially arranged towards a second preset direction, the coal mining zone comprises the first mining zone and the second mining zone,
the third coal mining unit and the fourth coal mining unit are any two coal mining units in the plurality of coal mining units, and the third coal mining unit and the fourth coal mining unit are adjacent.
Further, the mining operation of the third coal mining unit further includes:
digging a coal pit in the third coal mining unit, and then digging a drainage ditch in the coal pit of the third coal mining unit;
the drainage ditch in the third coal mining unit is communicated with the fourth coal mining unit;
the mining operation of the fourth coal mining unit further includes:
digging a coal pit in the fourth coal mining unit, and then digging a drainage ditch in the coal pit of the fourth coal mining unit;
and the drainage ditch in the third coal mining unit is communicated with the drainage ditch in the fourth coal mining unit.
Further, after the mining operation of the fourth coal mining unit is completed, backfilling operation is performed on the third coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation in the third coal mining unit comprises:
backfilling the drainage ditch in the first coal mining unit after forming a coal pit in the third coal mining unit to form a rubble blind ditch;
backfilling a first part of the coal pit in the third coal mining unit and backfilling a safety zone in the first coal mining unit to form a row of presser feet;
reserving a second part of the coal pit in the third coal mining unit to form a safety zone;
wherein,
the first coal mining unit and the third coal mining unit are sequentially arranged along a second preset direction, and the second coal mining unit and the fourth coal mining unit are sequentially arranged along the second preset direction.
Further, after performing the following mining operations on coal units adjacent to the first mining zone in the coal mining area according to the first preset direction, the method further includes:
after the second mining belt is mined, carrying out mining operation on the third mining belt according to the first preset direction;
wherein,
the coal mining area comprises a first mining area and a plurality of subsequent mining areas, the dumping site, the first mining area and the plurality of subsequent mining areas are sequentially arranged along a second preset direction,
the second and third production zones are any two of the plurality of subsequent production zones, and the second and third production zones are adjacent.
Further, the method further comprises:
the following mining operation is carried out on the coal mining units adjacent to the dumping site in the coal mining area according to the third preset direction:
performing a mining operation on a first coal mining unit, the mining operation of the first coal mining unit including: digging a coal pit in the first coal mining unit and reserving a coal rock column;
after the mining operation of the first coal mining unit is completed, performing the mining operation on the second coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the second coal mining unit comprises: digging a coal pit in the second coal mining unit and reserving a coal rock column,
after the mining operation of the second coal mining unit is completed, backfilling the first coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation of the first coal mining unit comprises: recovering coal and rock pillars in the first coal mining unit;
the first preset direction is opposite to the third preset direction.
Further, the method further comprises:
after performing the following mining operations on coal units adjacent to the dumping site in the coal mining area according to the first preset direction, the method further includes:
the following mining operations are carried out on the coal mining units adjacent to the first mining belt in the coal mining area according to the third preset direction:
carrying out mining operation on the third coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the third coal mining unit comprises the following steps: digging a coal pit in the third coal mining unit;
after the mining operation of the third coal mining unit is completed, the mining operation of the fourth coal mining unit is performed, and comprises the following steps: and digging a coal pit in the fourth coal mining unit.
Further, the first preset direction is consistent with the trend, and the second preset direction is consistent with the trend.
The technical scheme that this application adopted can reach following beneficial effect:
the application discloses a coal mining method, comprising the following steps:
and carrying out the following mining operation on the coal mining units adjacent to the dumping site in the coal mining area according to the first preset direction.
Performing a mining operation on a first coal mining unit, the mining operation of the first coal mining unit including: a coal pit is dug in the first coal mining unit, and a coal rock column is reserved.
After the mining operation of the first coal mining unit is completed, the mining operation of the second coal mining unit is carried out, and comprises the following steps: and digging a coal pit in the second coal mining unit and reserving a coal and rock pillar.
After the mining operation of the second coal mining unit is completed, backfilling the first coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation of the first coal mining unit comprises: and recovering the coal and rock pillars in the first coal mining unit.
The coal mining area comprises a plurality of coal mining units, wherein the first coal mining unit and the second coal mining unit are any two coal mining units in the plurality of coal mining units, and the first coal mining unit and the second coal mining unit are adjacent; the dumping site and the coal mining area are sequentially arranged in a second preset direction, and the second preset direction is different from the first preset direction; the coal-rock pillar is located between the coal pit and the dump.
Based on the scheme, the coal mining operation of each coal mining unit can be sequentially completed along the trend propulsion, and the coal mining operation can be carried out on the coal mining of each coal mining unit according to the second preset direction, namely the trend.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first stage diagram of coal mining in an embodiment disclosed herein;
FIG. 2 is a second stage diagram of coal mining in an embodiment disclosed herein;
FIG. 3 is a third stage diagram of coal mining in an embodiment disclosed herein;
FIG. 4 is a fourth stage diagram of coal mining in an embodiment disclosed herein;
FIG. 5 is a fifth stage diagram of coal mining in an embodiment disclosed herein;
FIG. 6 is a sixth stage diagram of coal mining in an embodiment disclosed herein;
FIG. 7 is a seventh stage diagram of coal mining in an embodiment disclosed herein;
FIG. 8 is an eighth stage diagram of coal mining in an embodiment disclosed herein.
Reference numerals:
100-coal mining area,
101-primary mining area, 102-secondary mining area,
110-coal pit, 120-coal rock column, 111-drainage ditch, 112-safety zone, 113-rubble blind ditch,
200-dumping sites, 210-arranging presser feet,
300-working side and 310-end side.
Detailed Description
For the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The following describes in detail the technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The coal mining method disclosed by the application is suitable for the exploitation of an opencast coal mine, and in the related technology, the exploitation of the coal mine is generally carried out in a trend-driven way, namely, a coal mining belt adjacent to the dumping site 200 is pushed in along the trend, and then the coal mining operation of the coal mining belt is carried out along the trend. Wherein the dump 200 and the coal mining area are disposed in order toward each other.
In the related art, the mining mode of the coal mine is easy to cause the problems of side slope displacement, sedimentation, cracking and the like of the dumping site, and serious problems cause the front side slope of the dumping site 200 to squeeze or press the coal face, so that the efficiency and the quality of coal are reduced, and potential safety hazards are easy to generate. By adopting the coal mining mode, the slipping phenomenon of the side slope of the dumping site can be well avoided, so that the safety and reliability of the coal mining work are guaranteed, and the following description is started.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the coal mining method disclosed in the present application includes:
the following mining operations are performed in a first preset direction for coal mining units adjacent to the dump 200 within the coal mining area 100:
performing a mining operation on a first coal mining unit, the mining operation of the first coal mining unit including: a pit 110 is dug in the first coal mining unit and a coal rock pillar 120 is reserved.
After the mining operation of the first coal mining unit is completed, performing the mining operation on the second coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the second coal mining unit comprises: a pit 110 is dug in the secondary coal mining unit and a coal rock pillar 120 is reserved.
After the mining operation of the second coal mining unit is completed, backfilling the first coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation of the first coal mining unit comprises: the coal and rock pillar 120 in the first coal mining unit is recovered.
The coal mining area 100 may be considered to include a plurality of coal mining units, and for convenience of explanation, the coal mining area 100 may be divided into a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns in a manner similar to the warp and weft, each coal mining unit being located in a different divided region and being marked differently, for example, a #1 st coal mining unit of a #1 st row is denoted as a #1#1 coal mining unit, a #2 nd coal mining unit of a #1 st row is denoted as a #2#1 coal mining unit, and a #2 nd coal mining unit of a # N column is denoted as a #2#N coal mining unit.
The first coal mining unit and the second coal mining unit are any two coal mining units of the plurality of coal mining units, and the first coal mining unit and the second coal mining unit are adjacent, that is, the first coal mining unit and the second coal mining unit can be regarded as a set of #1#1 coal mining unit, #1#2 coal mining unit.# 1#N coal mining unit, and the first mining belt 101 described later can also be regarded as including #1#1 coal mining unit, #1#2 coal mining unit.# 1#N coal mining unit.
The dump 200 and the coal mining area 100 are sequentially arranged in a second preset direction, which is different from the first preset direction. The first preset direction may be understood as a trend, the second preset direction may be understood as a trend, it may be seen that the first preset direction and the second preset direction are perpendicular to each other, and the slope pressure generated in the dump 200 tends to be consistent with the second preset direction. The coal-rock pillar 120 is located between the coal pit 110 and the dump 200, so as to resist the slope pressure generated by the dump 200 and prevent the slope of the dump 200 from sliding to the side of the coal mining area 100.
In practice, mining operations are first performed on a #1#1 coal mining unit, including: a pit 110 is dug in the #1#1 coal mining unit and a coal rock pillar 120 is reserved. The operation is shown in fig. 1.
Mining operations on a #1#2 coal mining unit, comprising: a coal pit 110 is dug in the #1#2 coal mining unit and a coal rock pillar 120 is reserved. The operation is shown in fig. 2.
After mining of the #1#2 coal mining unit is completed, backfilling the #1#1 coal mining unit, including: the coal and rock pillar 120 in the #1#1 coal mining unit is recovered. The operation is shown in fig. 1 and 2.
The mining operation is then performed on the #1#3 coal unit, and the coal and rock pillar 120 in the #1#2 coal unit is recovered after the completion of the #1#3 coal unit. The operation is shown in fig. 3.
And so on, continuing to advance in the first preset direction, i.e., the trend, until the mining operation is performed on the #1#N coal mining unit, and recovering the coal and rock pillars 120 in the #1#N-1 coal mining unit after the #1#N coal mining unit is completed. The operation is shown in fig. 4.
Finally, the coal and rock pillar 120 in the #1#N coal mining unit is recovered.
It can be seen that, in the above-mentioned mining process of the first mining belt 101, the mining operations of the #1#1 coal mining unit and the #1#2 coal mining unit are sequentially completed by advancing along the trend, and in each coal mining unit, the mining operation can be performed according to the second preset direction, that is, the tendency, so that the mining area 100 is divided into a plurality of coal mining units, and the mining mode of each coal mining unit is sequentially performed, so that the occurrence of slippage of the dumping site 200 in the mining process can be well prevented.
Meanwhile, in the mining process, the mode of reserving the coal and rock pillars 120 in each coal mining unit can resist the side slope pressure of the dumping site 200, and further avoid the side slope of the dumping site 200 from sliding to the side of the coal mining area 100, so that the normal operation of mining work is ensured.
In summary, the coal mining mode of the present application can avoid sliding on the side slope of the dumping site 200, so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the coal mining work.
It should be noted that the #1#N coal mining unit is a coal mining unit near the end wall 310, and it is understood that the mining operation of each coal mining unit adjacent to the dump 200 is completed after the mining is advanced to the end wall 310 along the first preset direction, that is, the mining operation of the first mining belt 101 described later is completed. The dump 200 and the working side 300 may be sequentially disposed along a second preset direction, and the dump 200 and the working side 300 are connected end to form the coal mining area 100, and a portion of the working side 300 adjacent to the dump 200 is the end side 310.
Further, the method may further include:
the mining operation of the first coal mining unit further includes:
after the pit 110 is dug in the first coal mining unit, a drainage ditch 111 is dug in the pit 110 of the first coal mining unit.
Wherein the drainage ditch 111 of the first coal mining unit is adjacent to the second coal mining unit;
the mining operation of the second coal mining unit further includes:
after the second coal mining unit is mined to form a coal pit 110, a drainage ditch 111 is dug in the coal pit 110 of the second coal mining unit;
wherein the drainage ditch 111 in the first coal mining unit is communicated with the drainage ditch 111 in the second coal mining unit.
In actual operation, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the pit 110 to be dug for each coal mining unit should be not smaller than a first preset depth, and the method for determining the first preset depth is as follows: in each coal mining unit, the coal seam should be fully excavated to expose the rock formation in order to fully obtain the coal resources in the coal mining unit. In the process of digging the coal pit 110, the bottom of the coal pit 110 is at risk of water gushing, so the above-mentioned mode is adopted for diversion, specifically:
after the coal pit 110 is dug in the #1#1 coal mining unit, a corresponding drainage ditch 111 should be dug in the coal pit 110, so that water gushing occurring in the coal pit 110 can be led into the drainage ditch 111 to ensure normal working of mining work. While the drainage ditch 111 of the #1#1 coal mining unit can be communicated with the #1#2 coal mining unit, the drainage ditch 111 of the #1#1 coal mining unit can be reused when the #1#2 coal mining unit is mined later. The operation is shown in fig. 1 and 2.
The mining of the #1#2 coal mining unit is carried out, and the water burst generated in the mining process of the #1#2 coal mining unit can be guided into the drainage ditch 111 of the #1#1 coal mining unit, so that the normal operation of the mining process of the #1#2 coal mining unit is ensured. The operation is shown in fig. 2.
After the pit 110 of the #1#2 coal mining unit is formed, a drainage ditch 111 is dug in the pit 110 of the #1#2 coal mining unit, and communication with the drainage ditch 111 of the #1#1 coal mining unit is ensured. The operation is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
And so on until the #1#N coal mining unit is mined, drainage channels 111 in the #1#1 coal mining unit to the #1#N-1 coal mining unit in the preamble process are formed in the first mining belt 101 in an integrated manner, and water gushes generated in the #1#N coal mining unit mining process can be led into such drainage channels. The operation is shown in fig. 4.
As can be seen, the water gushes generated during the mining of each coal mining unit can be led into the drainage ditch 111, so that the mining process is not disturbed by the water gushes, and the effective proceeding of the mining process is further ensured.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the above coal mining method:
the backfilling operation of the first coal mining unit further comprises:
the coal and rock pillar 120 in the first coal mining unit is recovered such that the coal pit 110 in the first coal mining unit is adjacent to the dump 200.
A first portion of the coal pit 110 in the first coal mining unit is backfilled to form a drain presser foot 210.
A second portion of the pit 110 in the first coal mining unit is reserved to form a safe zone 112.
The dump 200 includes a dump foot 210, the dump foot 210 and the safety zone 112 are sequentially disposed along a second preset direction, and the drain 111 is disposed in the safety zone 112 and opposite to the dump foot 210. The first and second portions of each coal mining unit may be divided in this manner, and it will be appreciated that the first and second portions of each coal mining unit are arranged in a second predetermined direction.
The method can accumulate the wastes such as soil, waste residue and the like generated in the exploitation process, and specifically, in the actual operation process:
the coal and rock pillar 120 in the #1#1 coal mining unit is recovered such that the pit 110 in the #1#1 coal mining unit is adjacent to the dump 200. The operation is shown in fig. 1 and 2.
Backfilling a first portion of the coal pit 110 in the #1#1 coal mining unit to form a drain presser foot 210; and reserving a second portion of the coal pit 110 in the #1#1 coal unit to form the safe zone 112. The operation is shown in fig. 2.
The coal and rock pillar 120 in the #1#2 coal mining unit is then retrieved so that the pit 110 in the #1#2 coal mining unit is adjacent to the dump 200. The operation is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
Backfilling a first portion of the coal pit 110 in the #1#2 coal mining unit to form a drain presser foot 210; and reserving a second portion of the coal pit 110 in the #1#2 coal unit to form the safe zone 112. The operation is shown in fig. 3.
And so on until recovery of the coal and rock pillar 120 in the #1#N-1 coal unit is performed such that the pit 110 in the #1#N-1 coal unit is adjacent to the dump 200.
Backfilling a first portion of the coal pit 110 in the #1#N-1 coal mining unit to form a row of presser feet 210; and reserving a second portion of the coal pit 110 in the #1#N-1 coal mining unit to form the safe zone 112. The operation is shown in fig. 3 and 4.
Finally, the coal and rock pillar 120 in the #1#N coal mining unit is recovered so that the coal pit 110 in the #1#N coal mining unit is adjacent to the dumping site 200.
Backfilling a first portion of the coal pit 110 in the #1#N coal mining unit to form a drain presser foot 210; and reserving a second portion of the coal pit 110 in the #1#N coal unit to form the safe zone 112.
The backfilling work of each coal mining unit in the first mining belt 101 is sequentially completed through the above operations. Such as shown in fig. 6.
The above-mentioned coal and rock pillar 120 should be backfilled after being recovered, and the backfilled waste is usually produced in the mining process of each coal mining unit, and is backfilled into the coal pit 110 after the mining is finished, so that the occupation of public space is avoided, and the reuse of the coal pit 110 is realized. The backfill should be compacted in the coal pit 110 and the backfill forms a drain presser foot 210 that communicates with the dump 200 to become part of the dump 200.
The drainage ditch 111 is disposed at one side of the safety area 112 away from the dump 200, that is, the side slope of the dump 200 is isolated by the safety area 112, so as to avoid the intrusion of the drainage ditch 111 during the sliding of the side slope of the dump 200, and interfere with the diversion work of the drainage ditch 111.
Further, after performing the following mining operations on the coal mining units adjacent to the dumping site 200 in the coal mining area 100 according to the first preset direction, the coal mining method further includes:
the following mining operations are performed in a first preset direction for coal units within the coal mining area 100 adjacent to the first mining belt 101:
carrying out mining operation on the third coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the third coal mining unit comprises the following steps: a pit 110 is dug in the third coal mining unit.
After the mining operation of the third coal mining unit is completed, the mining operation of the fourth coal mining unit is performed, and comprises the following steps: a pit 110 is dug in the fourth coal mining unit.
The first mining belt 101 comprises a first coal mining unit and a second coal mining unit, the second mining belt 102 comprises a third coal mining unit and a fourth coal mining unit, the dumping site 200, the first mining belt 101 and the second mining belt 102 are sequentially arranged in a second preset direction, the coal mining area 100 comprises the first mining belt 101 and the second mining belt 102, the third coal mining unit and the fourth coal mining unit are any two coal mining units in the plurality of coal mining units, and the third coal mining unit and the fourth coal mining unit are adjacent.
The coal mining area 100 of the present application has a plurality of mining zones sequentially arranged along the second preset direction, so after the mining of the first mining zone 101 is completed, the mining should be performed on other mining zones, and in actual operation, as shown in fig. 4 to 8:
performing a mining operation on the #2#1 coal mining unit, the mining operation of the #2#1 coal mining unit including: a coal pit 110 is dug in the #2#1 unit. The operation is shown in fig. 4.
After the mining operation of the #2#1 coal mining unit is completed, the mining operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit is performed, and the mining operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit includes: a pit 110 is dug in the #2 coal mining unit. The operation is shown in fig. 6.
After the mining operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit is completed, the mining operation of the #2#3 coal mining unit is performed, and the mining operation of the #2#3 coal mining unit includes: a pit 110 is dug in the #2#3 coal mining unit. The operation is shown in fig. 7.
And so on, continuing to advance along the first preset direction until the mining operation is carried out on the #2#N coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the #2#N coal mining unit comprises: a pit 110 is dug in the #2#N coal mining unit. The operation is shown in fig. 8.
Thus, the mining of each coal unit in the second mining zone 102 is completed. It can be seen that, during the mining process of the second mining belt 102, due to the isolation effect of the safety zone 112 in the first mining belt 101, the second mining belt 102 can be prevented from being invaded when the side slope of the dumping site 200 slides, so that the normal working of the mining work in the second mining belt 102 is ensured, and the safety coefficient during the mining process is also improved.
Meanwhile, in the coal mining units #1#1 to #1#N, the safety zones 112 are sequentially connected along the first preset direction, that is, the safety zones 112 formed in the first mining belt 101 completely isolate the second mining belt 102 from the dumping site 200 as shown in fig. 4, so that the safety isolation effect is better.
Further, the mining operation of the third coal mining unit further includes:
after the pit 110 is dug in the third coal mining unit, a drainage ditch 111 is dug in the pit 110 of the third coal mining unit.
Wherein the drainage ditch 111 in the third coal mining unit is communicated with the fourth coal mining unit.
The mining operation of the fourth coal mining unit further includes:
after the pit 110 is dug in the fourth coal mining unit, a drainage ditch 111 is dug in the pit 110 of the fourth coal mining unit.
Wherein the drainage ditch 111 in the third coal mining unit is communicated with the drainage ditch 111 in the fourth coal mining unit.
Similarly, during actual operation:
after the coal pit 110 is dug in the #2#1 coal mining unit, the corresponding drainage ditch 111 should be dug in the coal pit 110, so that the water gushing in the coal pit 110 can be led into the drainage ditch 111 to ensure the normal operation of the mining work. The drainage ditch 111 of the #2#1 coal mining unit should be able to communicate with the #2#2 coal mining unit so that the drainage ditch 111 of the #2#1 coal mining unit is multiplexed when the #2#2 coal mining unit is mined. The operation is shown in fig. 4 to 5.
The #2#2 coal mining unit is mined, and the water burst generated in the mining process can be guided into the drainage ditch 111 of the #2#1 coal mining unit, so that the normal operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit is ensured. The operation is shown in fig. 6.
And after the pit 110 of the #2 coal mining unit is formed, a drainage ditch 111 is dug in the pit 110 of the #2 coal mining unit, and communication with the drainage ditch 111 of the #2#1 coal mining unit is ensured. The operation is shown in fig. 6 and 7.
And the #2#3 coal mining unit is mined, and the water burst generated in the mining process can be guided into the drainage ditches 111 of the #2#2 coal mining unit and the #2#1 coal mining unit, so that the normal operation of the #2#3 coal mining unit is ensured. The operation is shown in fig. 7.
After the pit 110 of the #2#3 coal mining unit is formed, a drainage ditch 111 is dug in the pit 110 of the #2#3 coal mining unit, and the drainage ditches 111 of the #2 coal mining unit and the #2#1 coal mining unit are communicated in sequence. The operation is shown in fig. 7 and 8.
And so on until the #2#N coal mining unit is mined, the drainage ditch 111 in the #2#1 coal mining unit to the #2#N-1 coal mining unit in the preamble process is formed in the second mining belt 102 in a way that the drainage ditch is communicated as a whole, and the water burst generated in the mining process of the #2#N coal mining unit can be led into the drainage ditch. Such as shown in fig. 8.
As can be seen, the water gushes generated during the mining of each coal mining unit can be led into the drainage ditch 111, so that the mining process is not disturbed by the water gushes, and the effective proceeding of the mining process is further ensured. Similarly, a drainage ditch 111 is provided in the secondary mining area 102 on the side of the safety area 112 facing away from the dump 200. To prevent the side slope of the dump 200 from slipping into the drain 111 by the isolation action of the safety zone 112.
Further, after the mining operation of the fourth coal mining unit is completed, backfilling operation is performed on the third coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation in the third coal mining unit comprises:
after the coal pit 110 is formed in the third coal mining unit, the drainage ditch 111 in the safety zone 112 of the first coal mining unit is backfilled to form a rubble blind ditch 113.
A first portion of the pit 110 in the third coal mining unit is backfilled and the safety zone 112 in the first coal mining unit is backfilled to each form a row of presser feet 210.
A second portion of the pit 110 in the third coal mining unit is reserved to form a safe zone 112.
Wherein,
the first coal mining unit and the third coal mining unit are sequentially arranged along a second preset direction, and the second coal mining unit and the fourth coal mining unit are sequentially arranged along the second preset direction.
In actual operation:
first, after a coal pit 110 is formed in the #2#1 coal mining unit, the drainage ditch 111 in the safety zone 112 of the #1#1 coal mining unit is backfilled to form a rubble blind ditch 113. Wherein the #1#1 coal mining unit and the #2#1 coal mining unit are sequentially arranged along a second preset direction. Backfill in the rubble blind drain 113 may be waste generated during the excavation of the pre-pit 110, the drainage ditch 111. The specific operation is shown in fig. 4 and 5.
The first portion of the pit 110 in the #2#1 coal mining unit is backfilled and the safety zone 112 in the #1#1 coal mining unit is backfilled to each form a row of presser feet 210. The operation is shown in fig. 4 to 6.
A second portion of the pit 110 in the #2#1 coal mining unit is reserved to form a safety zone 112. The operation is shown in fig. 6.
Next, after the coal pit 110 is formed in the #2 coal mining unit, the drainage ditch 111 in the safety zone 112 of the #1#2 coal mining unit is backfilled to form a rubble blind ditch 113. The operation is shown in fig. 6.
The first portion of the pit 110 in the #2 coal mining unit is backfilled and the safety zone 112 in the #1#2 coal mining unit is backfilled to each form a row of presser feet 210. The operation is shown in fig. 7.
A second portion of the pit 110 in the #2 coal mining unit is reserved to form a safety zone 112. The operation is shown in fig. 7.
By analogy, after the coal pit 110 is formed in the #2#N-1 coal mining unit, the drainage ditch 111 in the safety zone 112 of the #1#N-1 coal mining unit is backfilled to form a rubble blind ditch 113. The operation is shown in fig. 7 and 8.
A first portion of the pit 110 in the #2#N-1 coal mining unit is backfilled and the safety zone 112 in the #1#N-1 coal mining unit is backfilled to each form a row of presser feet 210. The operation is shown in fig. 7 and 8.
A second portion of the pit 110 in the #2#N-1 coal mining unit is reserved to form the safe zone 112. Operation fig. 7 and 8 are shown.
Finally, after the coal pit 110 is formed in the #2#N coal mining unit, the drainage ditch 111 in the safety zone 112 of the #1#N coal mining unit is backfilled to form a rubble blind ditch 113.
A first portion of the pit 110 in the #2#N coal unit is backfilled and the safety zone 112 in the #1#N coal unit is backfilled to each form a row of presser feet 210.
A second portion of the pit 110 in the #2#N coal unit is reserved to form the safe zone 112.
The backfilling work on the second production zone 102 is completed.
Similarly, the drainage ditch 111 in the second mining belt 102 is arranged on the side of the safety area 112 away from the dumping site 200, namely, the drainage ditch 111 is prevented from being invaded when the side slope of the dumping site 200 slides and the diversion work of the drainage ditch 111 is disturbed by the isolation of the safety area 112. Such as shown in fig. 8.
Further, after performing the following mining operations on the coal mining units adjacent to the first mining belt 101 in the coal mining area 100 according to the first preset direction, the coal mining method further includes:
after the second production zone 102 is produced, the third production zone is produced in the first predetermined direction.
Wherein the coal mining area 100 includes a first mining zone 101 and a plurality of subsequent mining zones, the dumping site 200, the first mining zone 101, and the plurality of subsequent mining zones may be sequentially disposed along a second preset direction. The second and third production zones 102, 102 are any two of the plurality of subsequent production zones, and the second and third production zones 102, 102 are adjacent.
In practice, as shown in fig. 8, the third mining area is disposed in the same manner and in the same mining manner as the second mining area 102, so that the coal mining area 100 can be regarded as having the first mining area 101 and a plurality of second mining areas 102 disposed in sequence along the second predetermined direction. And after the first mining area 101 and the second mining area 102 adjacent to the first mining area 101 are mined, the next second mining area 102 is continuously mined, and so on, the mining of all the second mining areas 102 is completed, thereby completing the mining of the whole coal mining area 100
Further, the following mining operations are performed on the coal mining units adjacent to the dumping site 200 in the coal mining area 100 according to the third preset direction:
performing a mining operation on a first coal mining unit, the mining operation of the first coal mining unit including: a pit 110 is dug in the first coal mining unit and a coal rock pillar 120 is reserved.
After the mining operation of the first coal mining unit is completed, the mining operation of the second coal mining unit is carried out, and comprises the following steps: a pit 110 is dug in the secondary coal mining unit and a coal rock pillar 120 is reserved.
After the mining operation of the second coal mining unit is completed, backfilling the first coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation of the first coal mining unit comprises: the coal and rock pillar 120 in the first coal mining unit is recovered.
The first preset direction is opposite to the third preset direction.
In actual operation, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the mining process of the first mining belt 101, the mining should be performed with the #1#1 coal mining unit as a reference position, and the mining should be performed in the first preset direction and the third preset direction, that is, in the trend, respectively, on both sides, so that the mining efficiency can be higher.
Another benefit of this mining is that the primary mining belt 101 is advanced from the middle to the two sides, and from the mechanical characteristics, it is known that the middle position of the primary mining belt 101, that is, the position where the #1#1 coal mining unit is located is the position where the dumping site 200 is most prone to slide on the side slope, for example, as shown in fig. 1, the #1#1 coal mining unit is first mined, where the #1#2 coal mining units to the # N #1 coal mining units on the two sides are not mined yet, so that the dumping site 200 can be supported, and the side slope of the dumping site 200 is not prone to slide into the coal pit 110 of the #1#1 coal mining unit. When the coal mining unit #1#3 is continuously pushed to two sides, for example, when the coal mining unit #1#3 is mined, the coal mining units #1#4 to #N #1 are not mined, so that the dump 200 can be supported, the side slope of the dump 200 is not easy to slide into the coal pit 110 of the coal mining unit #1#3, and so on.
It will be appreciated that the manner of advancing from the middle of the first mining belt 101 to the sides, the presently mined coal units are not susceptible to side slope slippage of the dump 200, and that the previously mined coal units will fall into the formed pit 110 even if side slope slippage occurs at the location where the previously mined coal units are located, so that the entire mining operation can be performed safely and effectively.
Similarly, after performing the following mining operations in the first preset direction on coal units within the coal mining area 100 adjacent to the dump 200, the method further includes:
the following mining operations are performed in a third preset direction for coal units within the coal mining area 100 adjacent to the first mining belt 101:
carrying out mining operation on the third coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the third coal mining unit comprises the following steps: a pit 110 is dug in the third coal mining unit.
After the mining operation of the third coal mining unit is completed, the mining operation of the fourth coal mining unit is performed, and comprises the following steps: a pit 110 is dug in the fourth coal mining unit.
In actual operation, as shown in fig. 4 to 8, in the process of mining the second mining belt 102, the mining should be performed with the #2#1 coal mining unit as a reference position, and the mining should be performed to advance toward the two sides and the first preset direction, that is, toward the trend, so that the mining efficiency can be higher.
In the embodiments described above, the differences between the embodiments are mainly described, and as long as there is no contradiction between the different optimization features between the embodiments, the different optimization features may be combined to form a better embodiment, and in consideration of brevity of line text, the description is omitted here.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A method of mining coal, the method comprising:
performing the following mining operations in a first preset direction on coal mining units of a first mining belt (101) adjacent to a dump (200) within a coal mining area (100):
performing a mining operation on a #1#1 coal mining unit, the mining operation of the #1#1 coal mining unit comprising: digging a coal pit (110) in the #1#1 coal mining unit and reserving a coal rock column (120);
after the mining operation of the #1#1 coal mining unit is completed, performing the mining operation on the #1#2 coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the #1#2 coal mining unit comprises: digging the coal pit (110) in the #1#2 coal mining unit and reserving the coal and rock pillar (120);
after the mining operation of the #1#2 coal mining unit is completed, performing a backfilling operation on the #1#1 coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation of the #1#1 coal mining unit comprises: recovering a coal and rock pillar (120) in the #1#1 coal mining unit;
continuing to mine the #1#N coal mining unit along the first preset direction, recovering the coal and rock pillar 120 in the #1#N-1 coal mining unit after the #1#N coal mining unit is completed, and recovering the coal and rock pillar 120 in the #1#N coal mining unit;
wherein,
the coal mining area (100) comprises a first mining area (101) and a second mining area (102), the earth discharging field (200), the first mining area (101) and the second mining area (102) are sequentially arranged along a second preset direction, the coal mining area (100) comprises a plurality of coal mining units, the first mining area (101) comprises a #1#1 coal mining unit, a #1#2 coal mining unit … … and a #1#N coal mining unit, the second mining area (102) comprises a #2#1 coal mining unit, a #2#2 coal mining unit … … #2#N coal mining unit, and the second preset direction is different from the first preset direction; the coal and rock pillar (120) is positioned between the coal pit (110) and the dump (200),
the mining operation of the #1#1 coal mining unit further comprises:
digging a drainage ditch (111) in the coal pit (110) of the #1#1 coal mining unit after digging the coal pit (110) in the #1#1 coal mining unit;
wherein the drainage ditch (111) in the #1#1 coal mining unit is adjacent to the #1#2 coal mining unit;
the mining operation of the #1#2 coal mining unit further comprises:
digging a drainage ditch (111) in the #1#2 coal mining unit after the #1#2 coal mining unit is mined to form the coal pit (110);
wherein the drainage ditch (111) in the #1#1 coal mining unit is communicated with the drainage ditch (111) in the #1#2 coal mining unit,
the backfilling operation of the #1#1 coal mining unit further comprises:
recovering a coal and rock pillar (120) in the #1#1 coal mining unit so that a coal pit (110) in the #1#1 coal mining unit is adjacent to the dump (200);
backfilling a first portion of a coal pit (110) in the #1#1 coal mining unit to form a row of presser feet (210);
reserving a second portion of a pit (110) in the #1#1 coal mining unit to form a safe zone (112);
the soil discharging field (200) comprises a soil discharging presser foot (210), the soil discharging presser foot (210) and the safety area (112) are sequentially arranged along the second preset direction, and the drainage ditch (111) is arranged in the safety area (112) and is opposite to the soil discharging presser foot (210).
2. The coal mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, after the following mining operations are performed on the coal mining units of the first mining belt (101) adjacent to the dumping site (200) in the coal mining area (100) according to the first preset direction, the method further comprises:
-performing the following mining operations on the coal mining units of the second mining belt (101) within the coal mining area (100) according to a first preset direction:
performing a mining operation on a #2#1 coal mining unit, the mining operation of the #2#1 coal mining unit including: digging the coal pit (110) in the #2#1 coal mining unit;
after the mining operation of the #2#1 coal mining unit is completed, performing the mining operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit comprises: digging the coal pit (110) in the #2#2 coal mining unit;
and so on, continuing to advance in the first preset direction until the mining operation is performed on the #2#N coal units to complete mining of each coal unit of the second mining belt (102).
3. The coal mining method of claim 2, wherein the mining operation of the #2#1 coal mining unit further comprises:
digging the coal pit (110) in the #2#1 coal mining unit, and then digging the drainage ditch (111) in the coal pit (110) of the #2#1 coal mining unit;
wherein, a drainage ditch (111) in the #2#1 coal mining unit is communicated with the #2#2 coal mining unit;
the mining operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit further includes:
digging the coal pit (110) in the #2#2 coal mining unit, and then digging the drainage ditch (111) in the coal pit (110) of the #2#2 coal mining unit;
wherein, the drainage ditch (111) in the #2#1 coal mining unit is communicated with the drainage ditch (111) in the #2#2 coal mining unit.
4. The coal mining method according to claim 3, wherein after the mining operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit is completed, a backfill operation is performed on the #2#1 coal mining unit, the backfill operation in the #2#1 coal mining unit including:
backfilling the drainage ditch (111) in the #1#1 coal mining unit after the coal pit (110) is formed in the #2#1 coal mining unit to form a rubble blind ditch (113);
backfilling a first portion of a pit (110) in the #2#1 coal mining unit and backfilling the safety zone (112) in the #1#1 coal mining unit to each form the row of presser feet (210);
reserving a second portion of a coal pit (110) in the #2#1 coal mining unit to form a safety zone (112);
wherein,
the #1#1 coal mining unit and the #2#1 coal mining unit are sequentially arranged along the second preset direction, and the #1#2 coal mining unit and the #2#2 coal mining unit are sequentially arranged along the second preset direction.
5. The method of mining according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises:
performing the following mining operations in a third preset direction on coal mining units of a first mining belt (101) adjacent to a dump (200) within the coal mining area (100):
performing a mining operation on a #1#1 coal mining unit, the mining operation of the #1#1 coal mining unit comprising: digging a coal pit (110) in the #1#1 coal mining unit and reserving a coal rock column (120);
after the mining operation of the #1#1 coal mining unit is completed, performing the mining operation on the #1#2 coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the #1#2 coal mining unit comprises: digging the coal pit (110) in the #1#2 coal mining unit and reserving the coal rock pillar (120),
after the mining operation of the #1#2 coal mining unit is completed, performing a backfilling operation on the #1#1 coal mining unit, wherein the backfilling operation of the #1#1 coal mining unit comprises: recovering a coal and rock pillar (120) in the #1#1 coal mining unit;
wherein the first preset direction is opposite to the third preset direction.
6. The method of mining according to claim 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
after performing the following mining operations in the coal mining units of a first mining zone (101) adjacent to the dump (200) within the coal mining area (100) in a first preset direction, the method further includes:
performing the following mining operations on coal units adjacent to a second mining zone (102) within the coal mining area (100) according to a third preset direction:
performing a mining operation on a #2#1 coal mining unit, the mining operation of the #2#1 coal mining unit including: digging the coal pit (110) in the #2#1 coal mining unit;
after the mining operation of the #2#1 coal mining unit is completed, performing the mining operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit, wherein the mining operation of the #2#2 coal mining unit comprises: the coal pit (110) is dug in the #2#2 coal mining unit.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined direction is consistent with the trend and the second predetermined direction is consistent with the trend.
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