RU2402681C1 - Method for development of narrow sloping and inclined ore bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining. ^ SUBSTANCE: method includes preparation and cutting of block, separate extraction of ore by horizontal layers upplunge, filling of worked space by exploded host rocks. After extraction of ore from horizontal layer upplunge, undercutting course is carried out by ore and host rocks skin to skin to worked space. Horizontal blast holes or wells are drilled in ore and rock, explosive substances charges are placed in them, and ore and rock are exploded separately, with delivery of ore by explosion force through worked space into previous undercutting course. Broken rock is placed, after removal of ore from undercutting course, into worked space between two undercutting courses by explosion force or with the help of self-propelled handling machine. ^ EFFECT: method makes it possible to reduce scope of preparatory mining works and volumes of cut host rocks, dilution of ore, costs for mountain pressure control and production prime cost. ^ 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the underground mining of low-power flat and inclined ore bodies with separate excavation of ore and rock and the use of self-propelled drilling and handling equipment.

There is a method of developing thin and medium power inclined and steeply falling ore bodies with a sub-floor descending recess, a breakdown along the strike of the upper part of the sub-floor reserves of descending wells, the lower part - inclined layers of rising wells with ore delivered to the sub-floor drift by the force of the explosion, and self-propelled through it to the ore discharge loading and delivery machine (PDM) (see AS No. 761706, USSR, MKI E21C 41/06, decl. 13.11.78, publ. 07.09.80, Bull. No. 33).

The specified method is distinguished by increased costs for carrying out preparatory rifling workings, as well as by high dilution both during the driving of sub-floor drifts and the breaking of thin veins of inclined incidence due to the need to ensure that the blasting force delivers more than 2-3 m of width (height) of the treatment space. The effectiveness of the method decreases with decreasing power and the angle of incidence of the core, the stability of the host rocks and the persistence of bedding elements (power and angle of incidence) of the ore body.

A known method for the development of gentle and inclined low-power ore bodies in horizontal layers with a recess in the uprising, combined laying and using self-propelled equipment (see Scientific and technological progress in the mining enterprises of the Zapolyarya / N.N. Melnikov et al., Edited by G.I. Gorbunov. - Leningrad: Science, 1988. - p. 189-195).

This method is characterized by high dilution of the ore from the cutting of the enclosing rocks of the lying side when they are jointly broken by horizontal boreholes (wells) and significant laying costs.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed one is a method of developing thin inclined ore bodies with horizontal layers in an uprising with the formation of a ledge by cutting of the host rocks of the lying side of the ore body, separate breaking of ore to the ledge and transportation of ore mass through it by self-propelled PDM, and the rock by blasting into the mined-out space (see AS 542831 USSR, MKI E21C. 41/06. Method for the development of thin inclined ore bodies / NF Soloviev, B. A. Nikulichev and I. D. Kogan (USSR). - No. 2060808/03; Claim 20.09.74; About UBL. 15/01/77, Bull. №2).

This method is characterized by an increased volume of cutting of the enclosing rocks during the formation of a working ledge, as well as increased flexibility of the rock bookmark due to the relatively large compared with the living width or height of the mined out space, which complicates the geomechanical condition in the treatment space and increases the cost of managing rock pressure.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the development of gentle and inclined low-power ore bodies.

The result is achieved in that the method of developing low-grade flat and inclined ore bodies, including preparation and cutting of the block, separate excavation of the ore by horizontal layers in the uprising, laying of the worked out space with blasting host rocks, differs in that after the ore is extracted from the horizontal layer in the uprising, there is slashing production along ore and host rocks in cross section to the worked out space, for which horizontal boreholes or wells are drilled in ore and rock, explosive charges are placed in them and blasting the ore and rock separately with the delivery of ore by the force of the explosion through the worked-out space to the previous slash, and the broken rock is placed after the ore is removed from the work-out into the worked-out space between two slash workings by the force of the blast or by a self-propelled loading and delivery machine.

Using the proposed method for the development of gentle and inclined low-power ore bodies provides an increase in the efficiency of mining by reducing the volume of cutting of the host rocks, reducing dilution during the formation of the undercutting layer, as well as the cost of managing rock pressure due to less deformation of the rock bookmark, and therefore, host rocks.

The difference of the proposed method lies in the fact that slashing for drilling, loading and blasting holes or wells, delivering self-propelled PDM ore beaten to it, pass through the ore and rock in cross-section to the downstream mined space, formed during excavation of the horizontal layer by uprising by breaking up ore with upward inclined holes or boreholes. At the same time, ore and rock are broken separately by horizontal boreholes or wells with ore delivered by blast force through the mined-out space to the downstream slash mine. The broken rock is placed in the worked-out space either by delivering it by the force of the explosion, or by self-propelled PDM.

The application of the proposed development method allows with high productivity, minimal losses and dilution to efficiently work out low-power gentle and inclined ore bodies in various mining and geological and mining conditions.

The method is as follows.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the block, a longitudinal section with a projection on a vertical plane; figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the stretch of the block during the ascending recess of the horizontal layer by blasting inclined holes or wells into the undercutting space; figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the strike during the formation of slashing horizontal holes or wells.

The block is prepared by a haul-off 1 and ventilation 2 drifts, a block rebellion 3. Cutting work consists in carrying out a detachable drift 4.

The extraction of ore in the block is as follows. The block is divided into horizontal layers. The first layer is drilled with inclined ascending (along the vein rebellion) boreholes or boreholes 5 with a self-propelled drill carriage moving along the cutting drift 4. The beaten ore is delivered by blasting force to the cutting drift 4, which is then transported by the loading and delivery machine to the rising drift 3. After the first layer is excavated and securing the worked-out space 6 with a spacer support in cross-cut to it, there are undercut workings 7 for excavating the second, etc. layer. For this, horizontal boreholes or wells are drilled in the host rocks and ore. The holes or wells in ore 8 are blasted into the open mined space 6 formed during the excavation of the horizontal layer and the ore is delivered through it to the detachable drift 4 or slash excavation 7 with the subsequent loading and delivery of the self-propelled PDM ore to the rising one. Holes or boreholes in rock 9 are blown up either with a slowdown after ore 8, then placing the rock in a worked-out space 6 using a mechanized method, for example, self-propelled guns, or separately, after removing ore from the soil of a slash 7, with the delivery of rock into a worked-out space 6 with an explosion force and mechanized stripping of the remaining breed. To reduce ore losses in tab 10, breaker shafts 11 are installed in the slash 7. If necessary, the mined space is fixed with spacers, bushes, bonfires, and the slash is additionally anchored.

The application of the proposed development method will reduce the volume of mining and preparatory work and cutting host rocks, improve the quality of ore mined and the geomechanical situation in the bottom hole, increase labor productivity and reduce overall ore production costs.

Claims (1)

A method of developing low-power shallow and inclined ore bodies, including preparation and cutting of a block, separate excavation of ore by horizontal layers in the uprising, laying of the worked out space with blasting host rocks, characterized in that after the ore is extracted from the horizontal layer in uprising, there is slashing production of ore and host rocks cross-cutting to the mined-out space, for which horizontal boreholes or wells are drilled in ore and rock, explosive charges are placed in them and blasting ore and rock Specifically, with the delivery of ore by explosive force through the mined space to the previous slash, and the broken rock is placed after the ore is harvested from the slash excavation into the mined space between two slash openings by the explosion force or by using a self-propelled loading and delivery machine.

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