RU2471331C2 - Stripping device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building and can be used in devices for stripping standing plants. Stripping device comprises a cover 7 and includes a stripping drum 2 and the screw 4 mounted on the frame 1. At the end sections of the screw 4 the spirals of the left and right direction of turns are made. The stripping drum 2 is made in the form of an octagonal prism on which edges the rakes 3 with the teeth are fixed. To preserve the form of the teeth they are provided with ribs and are mounted with the possibility of their adjustment. The stripping drum 2 is closed with the fairing 5 mounted with the ability to be moved by hydraulic system 6.

EFFECT: use of the stripping device enables to achieve minimal loss of the stripped mass.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used for combing plants on the vine.

A device for towing crops on the vine is known (RU 2010481 G1, A01D 41/08, 1994). The device comprises a copying platform with a screw and a combing module, consisting of two drums enclosed in a guiding casing, the lower edge of which is protruding in the direction opposite to the movement behind the vertical axis of the first of the combing drums by an amount L of 0.1-0.25 diameter. The cleaning drums are mounted on suspensions, which are pivotally and via hydraulic cylinders connected to the copying platform.

The disadvantage of this device is the increased energy consumption during harvesting, increased losses of the harvested crop due to the lack of a control system for the height of the stripping drum.

A stripping device is known (RU 2056086 C1, A01D 41/08, 1996). The device comprises a copying platform with a screw and a combing module, consisting of two stripping drums installed in the casing, swivel suspensions pivotally and via hydraulic cylinders connected to the copying platform, the stripping module is pivotally mounted on swivel suspensions with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the stripping drum and connected by rods with brackets rigidly fixed to the body of the copying platform, and the rods are made adjustable in length, and an “angle of attack” indicator is mounted on the rotary suspensions.

The disadvantages of the device is the increased energy intensity of the device.

The closest in technical essence is the unit for harvesting plants (RU 2285380 C1, A01D 41/08, 2006). It contains a frame on which a stripping drum, an auger, a conveyor belt with elastic scrapers and a receiving hopper are installed. The stripping drum, rotating from bottom to top, moves the stripped mass to the screw located behind the stripping drum, which feeds it to the belt conveyor installed in an inclined chamber by turns of the left and right directions, which, in turn, moves it from the bottom to the bottom bunker. To mow the combed stems of the plants and accelerate their sagging, it is additionally equipped with a rotary mower with rotors equipped with hinged knives and V-shaped bits, the knives located in the lower tier and the knife in the upper tier being in the mutually perpendicular planes symmetrically to each other relative to the axes of the rotors.

The disadvantage of this device is the increased loss of carded product due to the inability to quickly ensure optimal penetration of the combing drum into the plant mass, due to the lack of a system for controlling the height of the combing drum and the absence of an adjustable capture zone of the combed mass.

The technical task of the invention is the provision of optimal conditions for the ingress of plant mass into the towing area by constantly monitoring the height of the combing device and the capture zone of the harvested mass.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the inventive stripping device comprises a frame on which a stripping drum is installed, a screw, on the end sections of which are made spirals of the left and right direction of turns, according to the invention it is equipped with a cowl covering the drum with a hydraulic system for moving it, and the stripping drum is made in the form an octagonal prism, combs are mounted on its ribs with teeth equipped with ribs to maintain the shape of the tooth and installed with the possibility of adjusting the rake angle α, while the device is equipped with a cover.

In addition, the fairing is made in the form of a volumetric welded structure, the outer and inner surfaces of which are streamlined.

In addition, the cover is made of windows closed with a grid.

Adjusting the fairing in height depending on the type and condition of harvested crops using a hydraulic system allows you to minimize the loss of the product being combed. The streamlined forms of the outer and inner surfaces additionally affect the regulation of the flow of the carburized mass. Setting the teeth of the comb with an optimal rake angle allows you to take into account the type and condition of harvested crops.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a stripping device, a General view,

figure 2 - combing drum,

figure 3 - combing drum, side view,

figure 4 - comb combing the drum,

figure 5 - auger,

figure 6 - safety clutch screw.

The stripping device (Fig. 1) comprises a frame 1 on which a stripping drum 2 with combs 3 and a screw 4 are mounted on the bearings. The cowling 5 covers the surface of the drum 2 along its entire length. A hydraulic system 6 is provided for moving the fairing 5. The device has a cover 7 and is equipped with a drive 8. The cutter 9 determines the width of the crop. The height control mechanism 10 ensures the installation of the optimal degree of penetration of the stripping drum 2 into the plant mass. The drive device has a freewheel 11 and a safety clutch 12.

Combs 3 are fixed on the housing 13 of the combing drum 2 (FIGS. 2, 3). The housing is equipped with trunnions 14, 15 and is an octagonal prism, the combs 3 are attached to its ribs. Comb 3 is made in the form of a multi-tooth stamping-welded part providing for the capture of the stem wherein each tooth is provided with an edge to maintain the shape of the tooth (Fig. 4) and is mounted with the possibility of adjusting the rake angle α (Fig. 3) relative to the axis of attachment.

The screw 4 is designed for transporting carded mass from the drum 2 to the inclined chamber of the combine. The screw 4 is made in the form of a cylinder 16 (Fig. 5), at the end sections of which there are spirals 17 of the left and right direction of the turns for supplying the stripped mass to the central part of the device. Between the spirals 17 there is a section of the screw with protruding fingers 18, smoothly changing at a height relative to the cylinder when the screw is rotated by means of a mechanism 19 located inside the screw. The trunnion 20 is removable on the drive end side, and the axis 21 is simultaneously a fixed trunnion of the screw. The screw 4 is installed with the ability to adjust the minimum clearance between the screw and the guide groove.

The fairing 5 (figure 1) is made in the form of a volumetric welded structure, the outer and inner surfaces of which are streamlined. The fairing 5 is designed to close the stripping drum 2 and the formation of the capture zone of the stripping mass. The control of the cowl 5 in height and thus the capture zone relative to the drum, and also depending on the type and condition of harvested crops, is carried out by turning the cowl relative to the axis of rotation of the drum by means of hydraulic system 6.

In the lid 7 (Fig. 1) there are windows 22 closed with frames with a mesh designed to exit part of the air flow created by the combing drum 2, which allows optimizing the aerodynamic regime in the combing chamber for transporting the combing mass to the auger zone 4.

The drive 8 of the screw 4 and stripping drum 2 is carried out by means of a gearbox, chain and V-belt drive. In the chain drive on the shaft of the screw installed safety clutch 12 (Fig.6), which prevents breakage of the shaft in case of clogging of the screw. The safety clutch is regulated by preloading the spring 23. An overrunning clutch 11 is installed on the gearbox shaft (Fig. 1), which prevents shaft breakage when the combine stops.

From the drive of the combine harvester with the help of a cardan shaft, the rotation is transmitted to the gearbox, from which the rotation is transmitted to the screw 4 and combing drum 2 by chain and V-belt drives.

Cutoffs 9 are a wedge-shaped welded construction of pipes and are intended for orientation and separation of the stems in the capture zone of the stripping device.

The principle of operation of the stripping device is based on the method of threshing plants on the root by combing them with a drum with combs mounted on it.

The stripping device operates as follows.

When the device moves along the field, plant stems are captured by combs 3 of the combing drum 2, fall into the gap between the rotating drum 2 and the fairing 5 and are pulled from the bottom up by the teeth of the comb of the drum, freeing themselves from grain. Depending on the type and state of the mass being massed, the cowl 5 is rotated relative to the axis of rotation of the drum by means of the hydraulic system 6. Also, depending on the state of the mass being massed, the optimal angle α of the teeth of the comb 3 is set.

The plant mass, which was formed as a result of stripping the stems, is discharged into the chamber under the action of centrifugal forces, where under the influence of inertia and air flow it moves under the screw 4. The screw 4, with the help of spirals 17 and different-height fingers 18, moves the combed mass to the central part of the combing device, where it is transferred to the inclined chamber of the combine for further processing.

Using the proposed stripping device when harvesting grain with a normal, high and low stalk allows you to achieve minimal losses of the mass to be harvested.

Claims (3)

1. A cleaning device containing a frame on which a cleaning drum is installed, an auger, at the end sections of which are made spirals of the left and right direction of the turns, characterized in that it is equipped with a fairing covering the drum with a hydraulic system for moving it, and the cleaning drum is made in the form of an octagonal prism , on the ribs of which combs with teeth are fixed, equipped with ribs to maintain the shape of the tooth and installed with the possibility of adjusting the rake angle, while the device is equipped with a lid. 2. The cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fairing is made in the form of a volumetric welded structure, the outer and inner surfaces of which are streamlined. 3. The cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cover there are windows closed with a net.

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