RU2738054C1 - Combing device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agricultural machine building. Stripping device comprises header frame 1, on which cowl 14 is installed, combing drum 2 with combs 3 and screw conveyor 4. Screw conveyor has at the end sections spiral coils of the left and right directions. Between spirals 10 there is an auger section with gripping elements. Screw conveyor 4 comprises casing 5 made in the form of a pipe with rectangular elongated openings located in the front part of the pipe along its entire length, equal to the header width, for transfer of combed mass to the rubberized conveyor of the combine inclined chamber through the rectangular elongated opening 7. Spirals 10 of screw arranged inside casing 5 are made with increasing pitch of turns from edges to middle. Gripping elements are blades 11 feeding the mass of ears and grains supplied from the screw conveyor through a rectangular elongated window onto the rubberized conveyor of the inclined chamber of the combine. In front part of header, located in close proximity to combing combs of drum, plates 13 with cutouts are installed to catch lost product and return it to screw zone. Spirals 10 of screw turns, vanes 11 installed on screw, and plates of floor of header are made of elastic material.

EFFECT: combing device reduces grain damageability when moving in screw to inclined conveyor.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to combing spikelets of grain and forage crops on the vine.

Known stripper device (Patent No. 2483521, IPC A01D 41/08, published 10.06.2013 Bul. No. 16), containing a stripping drum, a screw conveyor, which is made grooved, while the front wall of the chute separating the zones of the auger and the stripping drum is made in in the form of two rigidly fixed plates located at the minimum allowable distance from the stripping drum zone and forming a "slot-trap".

The disadvantages of the device are the execution of the screw conveyor grooved, which leads to the appearance of stationary zones of grain and spikelets, as well as the execution of spirals of the screw from metal plates leads to damage to the grain when the screw rotates.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a stripper ((Patent No. 2471331, IPC A01D 41/08, published 01/10/2013 Bull. No. 1), containing a frame on which a stripping drum is installed, a screw, on the end sections of which spirals are made the left and right direction of the turns, between the spirals there is a section of the auger with protruding fingers, the stripping drum is equipped with a fairing covering it with a hydraulic system for its movement, and the drum itself is made in the form of an octagonal prism, on the edges of which combs with teeth are fixed, equipped with ribs to preserve the shape of the tooth and installed with the possibility of adjusting the front angle, while the device is equipped with a lid in which the windows are closed with a net.

The disadvantages of the device are the large gap of the zone between the auger and the stripping drum, leading to the loss of the stripping product, as well as the implementation of spirals of the auger from metal plates leads to damage to the grain when it is moved to the inclined conveyor.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the loss of spikelets and grain coming from the stripping drum and reduce the damage of grain and spikelets when they move in the auger to the inclined conveyor.

The problem is solved by the fact that on the inventive stripping device containing a header frame on which a fairing is installed, stripping a drum with combs, a screw conveyor, the auger of which has spirals of the left and right direction of the turns at the end sections of the spiral, between the spirals there is a section of the screw with gripping elements, in contrast from the prototype, the screw conveyor contains a casing made in the form of a pipe with rectangular elongated windows located in the front part of the pipe along its entire length equal to the width of the header, with dimensions in width and height, due to the possibility of catching the stripping product and receiving the stripped material from the stripping drum inside the screw conveyor, and transfer of the combed mass to the rubberized conveyor of the feeder house of the combine through a rectangular elongated window located in the rear part of the pipe, with a width equal to the width of the feeder house conveyor, while the spirals of the auger located inside the casing are made with an increasing w The winding of the turns from the edges to the middle, and the blades are installed as gripping elements, feeding the mass of ears and grain coming from the auger conveyor through a rectangular elongated window onto the rubberized conveyor of the feeder chamber of the combine, and in the front part of the floor of the header located in the immediate vicinity of the combing drum combs , plates with cutouts are installed to catch the lost product and return it to the auger zone, and the spirals of the auger turns, the blades mounted on the auger, and the header floor plates are made of elastic material.

Reception by the auger of spikelets and grains supplied from the stripping drum at a certain speed through the casing made in the front part of the tube along its entire length, equal to the header width, rectangular receiving windows with dimensions in width and height, due to the possibility of catching the stripping product, ensures the supply of spikelets and grain into the screw conveyor without clogging and damage.

Production of a screw conveyor, the casing of which is made in the form of a pipe and the auger has spirals of the right and left direction of the turns, made of elastic material with an increasing pitch of turns from the edges to the middle, ensuring uniform supply of grain and ears to the blades of elastic material installed in the middle part of the screw and feeding the incoming mass to the rubberized conveyor of the inclined chamber through an oblong window made in the auger casing, eliminates the possibility of the appearance of stationary zones of grain and ears and their damage in the process of interaction with the auger and blades.

To eliminate the loss of grain and spikelets located on the teeth of the combing combs, in the front part of the floor of the header, located in the immediate vicinity of the combing drum, plates of elastic material with cutouts are installed, which are in the immediate vicinity of the combing combs, which makes it possible to catch the lost product and return into the area of the auger.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a stripper.

FIG. 2 shows the auger

FIG. 3 shows a general view of the screw conveyor

a), b) in isometric view; c) general view; d) section A-A

The stripper device consists of a frame 1, on which a fairing 14 is located, a stripping drum 2 with combs 3 and teeth, a screw conveyor 4, which consists of a casing 5 made in the form of a pipe (Fig. 1, 3) with rectangular oblong windows 6, made in the front part of the pipe along its entire length with dimensions in width and height due to the possibility of catching the stripping product and receiving the stripped material from the stripping drum and a rectangular elongated window 7 located in the rear of the pipe, the width of which is equal to the width of the feeder chamber conveyor for transferring the stripped mass to rubberized feeder chamber conveyor of the combine. The screw 8 (Fig. 2) consists of a shaft 9 and spirals 10 of the right and left directions of the turns of elastic material with an increasing step from the edges to the middle, and in the middle part of the screw there are blades 11 made of elastic material. In the front part of the floor of the header 12 (Fig. 1), plates 13 of elastic material with cutouts are installed, which catch the remaining grains on the comb teeth and return them to the auger zone.

The device works as follows.

The stripped material from the stripping drum 2 under the action of inertial forces and the air flow created by the stripping drum 2, as well as the remaining grains and ears caught from the stripping drum combs, enter through the receiving windows 6 into the auger, which, using spirals 10 and blades 11, moves the stripped mass through rectangular window 7 into the feeder chamber of the combine for further processing.

For uninterrupted transportation of the stripped material, it is necessary to have a screw productivity greater than the throughput of the combine, q, kg / s, which, with the header width B, m, the speed of the combine V, m / s, and the crop yield Y, kg / ha, are determined by the formula :

Calculations with the maximum possible values of B, V and Y allow us to determine the productivity of P, kg / s, left and right sides of the screw according to the formula:

where δ is the filling factor of the screw conveyor

Knowing the value of q, it is possible to calculate the parameters of the screw - diameter D, m, and the pitch of the screw t, m, as well as the speed of the screw n, rpm, for various operating conditions.

The productivity of the screw conveyor P, kg / s through the parameters of the screw are determined by the formula:

where d is the diameter of the screw axis, m;

γ - specific weight of grain, kg / m3.

Equating formulas (2) and (3) we get:

With the selected parameters D, d, t, V, B and δ, when the yield of crops Y changes, the productivity of the screw conveyor is regulated by the hydraulic motor by changing the speed of the screw n.

Thus, the claimed technical solution ensures the elimination of losses of the combed material and excludes damage to grain seeds during their transportation in the auger and feeding into the inclined chamber of the combine.

Claims (1)

Stripping device containing a header frame, on which a fairing is installed, stripping a drum with combs, a screw conveyor, the screw of which has spirals of the left and right directions of turns at the end sections of the spiral, between the spirals there is a section of the screw with gripping elements, characterized in that the screw conveyor contains a casing , made in the form of a pipe with rectangular elongated windows located in the front part of the pipe along its entire length equal to the width of the header, with dimensions in width and height, due to the possibility of catching the stripping product and receiving the stripped material from the stripping drum inside the auger conveyor, and transferring the stripped mass onto the rubberized feeder chamber conveyor of the combine through a rectangular oblong window located at the rear of the pipe, with a width equal to the width of the feeder chamber conveyor, while the spirals of the auger located inside the casing are made with an increasing pitch of turns from the edges to the middle, and in As gripping elements, blades are installed that feed the mass of ears and grain coming from the auger conveyor through a rectangular elongated window onto the rubberized conveyor of the inclined chamber of the combine, and in the front part of the header floor, located in the immediate vicinity of the drum stripping combs, plates with cutouts are installed to catch the lost product and return it to the zone of the auger, and the spirals of the auger turns, the blades mounted on the auger, and the header floor plates are made of elastic material.

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