RU2452193C2 - Calves feeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to farming industry, in particular, to calves feeding during the suckling period. The method involves periodical introduction of a biologically active substance represented by normoflor into the basic diet. Normoflor is used in the mixture with vitamin A; the ratio of normoflor to vitamin A is equal to 1:200. The preparations mixture is fed to animals since 5 - 8 days' age in a dose of 400 mg per 100 kg of live weight in 3-5 days' cycles with subsequent 4-7 days' intervals.

EFFECT: invention implementation allows to increase calves live weight gain and reduce fodders consumption.

4 tbl, 6 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to feeding calves in the dairy period.

The method is based on the introduction of normoflora probiotic into the main diet (OR) of calves in a mixture with vitamin A. Feeding the resulting mixture in certain doses and mode provides an increase in live weight gain of animals by 4-6 times compared with the sum of the effects of the separate use of these drugs.

A known method of feeding calves, comprising introducing into the PR a mixture of preparations containing: glucose 82.3%, organic acid 9.1%, technical carnitine chloride 4.1%, ascorbic acid and magnesium preparation (invention No. 93033520, class A23K 1/16 1993 g).

The disadvantage of this method is the insignificant effect on the increase in mass of animals.

Closest to the invention is a method of feeding calves, including the use of a probiotic of normoflora (I.E. Mozgov et al. Stabilization by normoflora of the physiological function of the digestive tract. - Actual issues of gastroenterological and metabolic pathology. Collection of scientific tr. MBA. M., 1986. S.17-22).

The disadvantage of this method is an unstable and insignificant increase in the gain in live weight of animals.

Example 1. In an experiment with 4 groups of calves aged 15-25 days, 10 animals each, the first group of animals received OR and served as a control, the second received normoflor cycles of 3 days at a dose of 600 mg per 100 kg of live weight, followed by

4-day break, the third - vitamin A at the rate of 3 mg per 100 kg according to the same scheme and the fourth - both drugs in a ratio of 1: 200 at a dose of 600 mg in the same mode.

Normoflor and vitamin A increase calf body weight gain by 0.5–2.2% and reduce feed costs by 0.7–2.1%. When using a mixture of drugs in a dose of 600 mg, the increase in live weight of calves increases by 9.4% and feed consumption decreases by 8.9% (Table 1).

Table 1 Indicators Groups of animals one 2 3 four The average daily gain, g 644.8 659 648 705.1 % to control one hundred 102,2 100.5 109,4 Feed consumption per 1 kg of growth, feed. units 2.83 2.76 2.80 2.57 % to control one hundred 97.9 99.3 91.1

In fact, with the combined use of these drugs, a phenomenon called potentiation is achieved when the effectiveness of joint feeding is many times greater than the sum of the effects of their separate use.

Example 2. A similar experiment was conducted for 85 days in 6 groups of animals. The calves of the first group (control) received OR, the second group additionally received a mixture of normoflora and vitamin A in a ratio of 1:50 at a dose of 600 mg per 100 kg of live weight, the third group - a mixture in a ratio of 1: 100, the fourth group - 1: 200, the fifth - 1: 400, and the sixth - 1: 600 in the same dose.

The best results were achieved with a drug ratio of 1: 200 (Table 2).

table 2 Indicators Groups of animals one 2 3 four 5 6 The average daily gain, g 610 607 634 669 623 612 % to control one hundred 99.5 103.9 109.7 102.1 100.3 Feed consumption per 1 kg of growth, feed. units 3.34 3.37 3.22 3.05 3.28 3.35 % to control one hundred 100.9 96.4 91.3 98.2 100.5

Example 3. On 6 groups of calves, various doses of a mixture of normoflora and vitamin A were tested in a ratio of 1: 200, which was fed to 5 groups of calves in 3-day cycles with 4-day subsequent breaks during 82 days of experiment. When feeding a mixture of normoflora and vitamin A at a dose of 200-600 mg per 100 kg of animal weight, calf weight gain significantly increased and feed consumption per 1 kg of growth decreased by 4.1-11.3% (Table 3).

Table 3 Indicators Groups of animals one 2 3 four 5 6 The average daily gain, g 592 595 657 66 8 617 588 % to control one hundred 100.5 110.9 112.8 104.2 99.8 Feed consumption per 1 kg of growth, feed. units 3.44 3.42 3.37 3.05 3.3 3.48 % to control one hundred 99,4 90.1 88.7 95.9 101,2

At a dose of 400 mg / 100 kg, the best result was obtained: an additional increase was 12.8%, feed consumption decreased by 11.3% compared with the control.

Example 4. For 60 days, on 6 groups of calves, an experiment was conducted to test the recommended feeding time for normoflora and vitamin A. The first group of calves was control, the 2nd received a mixture of normoflora and vitamin A with OR in a ratio of 1: 200 at a dose of 400 mg per 100 kg in cycles of 1 day with 5-day breaks, the 3rd group - 3 days for the same breaks, the 4th group - 5 days, followed by 5-day breaks. The 5th group - 7 days each and the 6th group - 10 days each with subsequent 5-day breaks.

The best results were obtained with a duration of use of a mixture of drugs from 3 to 5 days. A further increase in the terms of feeding the drugs does not increase the increase in live weight of animals (Table 4).

Table 4 Indicators Groups of animals one 2 3 four 5 6 The average daily gain, g 583 621 627 631 631 631 % to control one hundred 106.5 107.5 108,2 108,2 108,2 Feed consumption per 1 kg of growth, feed. units 3.27 3.06 3.03 3.02 3.02 3.02 % to control one hundred 93.6 92.7 92.4 92.4 92.4

Example 5. To illustrate the effect of the duration of the break between periods of feeding a mixture of drugs, the following experiment was carried out. The first group of calves received only OR and was control, and 2-6 groups received a mixture of normoflora and vitamin A in a ratio of 1: 200 at a dose of 400 mg per 100 kg of weight in 3-day cycles with subsequent breaks: in the first group - 2 days; in the 2nd - 3 days; in the 3rd - 4 days; in the 4th - 5 days; in the 5th - 7 days and in the 6th group - 10 days. The duration of the experiment is 60 days.

The greatest effect on the increase in calf mass and feed consumption was obtained in the 3rd, 4th and 5th groups, which were fed a mixture of drugs for 3 days with an interval of 4-7 days.

Example 6. In the final experiment, the start time of using the mixture of drugs was checked. The 1st group of calves received only OR and served as a control, the 2nd group along with OR received a mixture of normoflora and vitamin A in a ratio of 1: 200 at a dose of 400 mg per 100 kg of live weight for 5 consecutive days from 3 days of age; 3rd - from 5 days of age; 4th - from the 8-day; 5th - from the 10th day and 6th group - from the 15th day of age.

Calves treated with a mixture of drugs from 5 and 8 days old had the largest increase in live weight.

Literature

1. Invention No. 93033520 - A23K 1/16. 1997.

2. I.E. Mozgov et al. Stabilization by normoflora of the physiological function of the digestive tract. - Actual issues of gastroenterological and metabolic pathology. Sat scientific tr MBA M., 1986, p. 17-22.

3. Invention No. 2056113 - A61K 35/20. 1996.

4. Invention No. 2038028 - A23K 1/175. 1995.

Claims (1)

A method of feeding calves, including the periodic introduction into the main diet of a biologically active substance - normoflora, characterized in that normofloor is used in connection with vitamin A with its ratio to vitamin A 1: 200, and feed the mixture of drugs from 5-8 days old animals a dose of 400 mg per 100 kg of their live weight in 3-5-day cycles followed by 4-7-day breaks.