RU2375507C1 - Device for cleaning of bast-fiber materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile fabrics, paper.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the field of primary treatment of bast fibers, mostly flax. Device for cleaning of bast-fiber materials comprises conveyor for clamping of processed material and scutching drums. Scutching drums are made in the form of dashers radially installed on shaft with dasher planks, on which picker accessory is fixed. At the same time picker accessory is installed on rear side of each dasher plank, and is arranged as combination of movable elements, one end in every of which is hingedly fixed on axis, and the other is free and may diverge from trajectory of dasher motion to centre of drum rotation.

EFFECT: improved yield of long fibre, its quality, parallel location of fibrous strands, and also removal of some of them, which are not fixed in clamp.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of primary processing of bast fibers, mainly flax.

Existing flax scuffing technology is based on the use of scaffold drums. In the process of beating, it is necessary to ensure the safety of the long fiber with the maximum removal of the fire. With the well-known technologies of scuffing, strands of fiber located in the treatment zone become aggravated along their length with different efficiencies. The end sections of the strands are better, and the areas near the clamp are worse. An increase in the rotation frequency of scutching drums leads to an increase in fiber breakage. Therefore, the solution of the existing problem of improving the process of flashing, in terms of increasing the efficiency of cleaning the fiber from the fire and its safety in the form of straightened long-fiber complexes, is of practical importance. I AM

To solve this problem, various technical solutions have been proposed.

A known construction of a section of a bobbin machine for processing bast fibers [1], comprising bobbin drums with beads placed around the circumference, mounted on a horizontal shaft by means of crosses carrying padded gratings and beater trims.

The disadvantage of this design is the unsatisfactory parallelization of the strands during sanding.

It is also known a device for cleaning bast fiber materials containing a conveyor for clamping the processed material and scraper drums, made in the form of beats radially mounted on the shaft with beater strips, on which a ring headset is fixed [2].

This solution also has disadvantages. Due to the confusion of the fibers with each other, a rigidly fixed ring headset, penetrating inside the layer of material, will destroy the tangled fibers and tear them out from the common raw layer. This will reduce the yield of long fiber. In addition, when processing strands of different lengths, the use of a fixed ring headset is ineffective, since the conditions for removing the fire from the layer of material are not sufficiently provided.

The technical solution [2] in essence is the closest to the claimed one and therefore can be selected as a prototype.

The technical task of the invention is to increase the yield of long fiber and its quality by reducing the content of the fire in it, parallelizing the fibrous strands, as well as removing some of them that are not fixed in the clamp.

The technical task is achieved using a device for cleaning bast-fiber materials, containing a conveyor for clamping the processed material and scraper drums, made in the form of beats radially mounted on the shaft with beater bars, on which the ring headset is mounted, according to the invention, the ring headset is located on the back of each beating strips and made in the form of a set of movable elements, one end of each of which is pivotally mounted on the axis, and the other is free and has zmozhnost deviate from the moving path to beat the center of rotation of the drum.

Fixing the annular headset on the back side and performing it in the form of a combination of movable carding elements provides in addition to scuffing also a gentle mode of combing. In this case, combing will help to straighten and parallelize the fibers, which will increase the quality of the final product.

The possibility of deviation of any movable element of the annular headset to a certain angle regardless of the movement of adjacent movable elements will provide a differentiation of the effects on the material layer depending on the tangles of the strands. In addition, since strands of different lengths fall into the treatment zone, the movable elements will reject different lengths of strands (therefore, of different masses) in different ways, that is, at different angles. This is because equal centrifugal forces acting on each individual movable element are opposed by different tensile forces of strands that are different in length. As a result, the strands and individual fibers in the strands will begin to move relative to each other. This will contribute to the rarefaction of the pulp and thereby improve the conditions for removing bonfires.

The movable elements will also absorb the strand at the moment of overflow of its end sections beyond the beat bar. This will reduce the peak tension of the strand. This effect will reduce the intensity of loading strands in the process of beating, which will affect the increase in the yield of long fibers.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a diagram of a scutching drum. Figure 2 shows a top view (view A) on a beater of a scutching drum with movable elements. The movable elements can be made in the form of needles (figure 3) or in the form of plates (figure 4). Figure 5 shows a cross section of a device with movable elements made in the form of needles.

The drum of the bobbin machine contains a shaft 1, discs 2 and crosses 3 with beater bars 4 fixed on them. On the crosses 3 there are plates 5 to which the bars of the knockout grill are rigidly attached 6. On the back of each beater bar there are additional working bodies 7 made in in the form of a set of movable elements, one end of which is located on axis 8, and the other is free.

A device for cleaning bast-fiber materials works as follows.

The washed stalks of bast crops (raw) with a clamping conveyor are introduced into the treatment zone. As a result of the rotation of the drums, the slats 4 and the strips of the knockout lattice 6 act on the bast-fiber material, which leads to its removal from the fire.

When rotating the scuffing drums, the free ends of the movable elements 7 under the action of centrifugal forces deviate from the center of the drum and penetrate into the raw layer. This achieves the effect of combing strands, parallelization and straightening of the fibers. Loosening of the layer occurs to improve the conditions for the release of the bulk fire from the raw layer. Movable carding elements 7 cannot deviate beyond the path of movement of the beater bar 4, which excludes collision with the working bodies of other elements of the device.

The use of the proposed device for cleaning bast-fiber materials can increase the yield of long fiber, its quality, parallelize the fibrous strands, and also remove some of them that are not fixed in the clip.

Information sources

1. Markov V.V., Suslov N.N., Trifonov V.G., Ipatov A.M. Primary treatment of bast fibers. Textbook for university students of the textile industry. M., Light Industry, 1974.

2. A.S. No. 1664890. D01B 1/24. Device for cleaning bast-fiber materials. Smirnov B.I., Dyachkov V.A. - Publ. 07/23/91. Bull. Number 27.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning bast fiber materials containing a conveyor for clamping the processed material and scraper drums made in the form of beats radially mounted on the shaft with beater bars, on which a peck headset is mounted, characterized in that the peck headset is located on the back of each beater bar and is made in in the form of a set of movable elements, one end of each of which is pivotally mounted on the axis, and the other is free and has the ability to deviate from the path of movement of the beat to Centralized drum rotation.

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