RU2357407C2 - Skidding method and machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking industry.

SUBSTANCE: skidding method involves two stages. The first stage implies timber skidding by a hoist through a snatch block which is mounted on a tree-mast with the help of a motor vehicle chassis handler. The second stage implies timber skidding by a device designed for holding the logs being transported. At the first stage skidding is carried out from apiaries adhering to the main logway with the usage of the motor vehicle chassis in the form of a power module and a trailed process module with a hoist, load carrying rope and chokers. At the second stage skidding is carried out along the main logway with the usage of the other trailed process module in the form of a chassis with a platform by which the first process module is replaced and on which the device designed for holding the logs being transported is mounted. A skidding machine comprises a motor vehicle chassis in the form of a power module with a handler and trailed interchangeable process modules. A hoist with a load carrying rope and chokers is mounted on the one module. And the device designed for holding the logs being transported is mounted on the other process module in the form of a chassis with a platform.

EFFECT: proposed skidding method and machine allow for reducing power inputs for the skidding process, increasing productivity, decreasing damage to soil, undergrowth and roots of the remained trees.

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Description

The invention relates to a technology for collecting bundles of trees (whips) and their skidding and can be used in the forest industry and forestry.

There is a method of skidding, when the skidding machine comes to the cutting area and is installed in a position convenient for collecting and forming the bundle, the loading shield is lowered, and the traction rope and chokers are fed to felled trees or whips, after hooking the last chokers, the traction rope is passed through the rings of chokers and into a loop half-ring is inserted at its end, after which the trees or whips of the winch of the machine are pulled to the loading board and with it are placed in the transport position on the machine and the image formed in such a way om pack skip to the place of unloading (Gorokhovsky K.F., Kalinovsky V.P., Livshits N.V. Technology and machines for logging and logging operations: Textbook for universities. - M .: Lesn. prom-st, 1980. - 384 p., See p. 102 1 ... 12 lines from the bottom, p. 103 1 ... 3 lines from the top and Fig. 32 on p. 103).

A skidding machine is known, including a self-propelled chassis on which a winch with a drive and a loading shield with a drive are mounted, while one end of the traction rope is fixed to the winch drum, the chokers are fixed through the rings through the rings (Kusakin N.F. Design and operation of skidding tractors: Textbook for vocational schools. - M.: Lesn. prom-st, 1985. - 272 p., see Fig. 1 on p. 6, Fig. 75 on p. 126 and Fig. 76 on p. 129 )

The well-known skidding method and skidding machine collect and skid the pack in one flight from a limited space, therefore, to collect trees or whips from a considerable area, the car must make several flights, while the undercarriage of the machine damages the soil cover, undergrowth and the root system of the remaining trees, which undesirable for gradual selective cutting and thinning.

In the known method of skidding, a skidding machine equipped with an arrow, a winch and a traction rope with chokers arrives at the cutting area where sawn trees (whips) are laid, an arrow with a grab at its end and a deflecting block secures the deflecting block through which the traction is passed through a rope, on a standing tree, a traction rope is fed to felled trees (whips), which are chokered by chokers, through their rings are connected to the traction rope, and the trees (whips) by winch and traction rope are formed into bundles near the standing tree, after selecting all the trees (whips) in the reach zone along the length of the rope and the sector, the formed bundles are skimmed by any of the known methods, i.e. skidding machines with choker equipment, with a pack of tongs or with a manipulator and a conical clamping device.

In the well-known skidding machine, which includes a self-propelled chassis, on which an arch with a drive is mounted, at the upper end of which a boom-beam with a drive is pivotally mounted, a tong-tongue grab is installed on the rear free end of the rocker-arm, a winch mounted between the arch and the cabin, this one end of the cable is mounted on the drum of the winch, and the other is passed through a block mounted on the arch, and connected to a pack of tongs, the boom-beam is articulated, with an additional link but with the base rotatable in a vertical longitudinal plane using a drive, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, a grip with its drive and a deflecting unit through which the winch cable is passed is mounted on the free end of the additional link, and a stop is rigidly mounted on the front end of the base of the rocker arm with the possibility of its clamping in the difficult position of the rocker arm. (RF patent No. 2224417, class A01G 23/02, February 27, 2004)

The disadvantage of this method is that all movements of the machine along the main drag, at the timber loading point, are carried out with heavy technological equipment, which increases energy costs for the skidding process.

The disadvantage of this machine is that the technological equipment, the winch and the manipulator are located on the frame, which makes the skidding machine heavier and reduces the load on the flight, increases the static and dynamic loads on the chassis of the chassis when the winch is operating.

These drawbacks are eliminated by the fact that the proposed method of skidding consists of two stages, in the first of which skidding of the wood is carried out using a winch through a deflecting unit, which is mounted using a self-propelled chassis manipulator on a tree mast, and on the second, by means of a device for holding transported wood . According to the invention, at the first stage, skidding is carried out from apiaries adjacent to one main draw, using a self-propelled chassis in the form of an energy module and a trailed technological module with a winch, a load-carrying rope and chokers, and at the second stage, along the main draw using another trailed technological module in the form of a chassis with a platform, which replaces the first technological module and on which a device for holding transported wood is installed.

Skidding machine, including a self-propelled chassis in the form of an energy module with a manipulator and interchangeable technological modules attached to it, on one of which a winch with a load-carrying rope and chokers is installed, and on the second technological module in the form of a chassis with a platform - a device for holding transported wood, while the device for holding the transported wood is made either in the form of a cargo compartment of the forwarder, or conical clamping device.

The proposed method and the skidding machine reduce energy consumption per unit volume of timber, since at the second stage of skidding the load on the flight increases by a volume equal to the gravity of the winch, and also when they are used, the areas of undergrowth and soil cover will be significantly less damaged. root system of growing trees.

Figure 1 shows a forestry machine during skidding from apiaries; figure 2 - a forestry machine used for skidding bundles of assortments in submerged condition along the main draw; figure 3 is a technological module for skidding of trees (whips) along the main drag.

The logging machine has an energy module 1, on which the manipulator 2 is mounted. A deflecting block 3 is fixed to the manipulator grip. Two technological modules can be connected to the machine, one of which consists of a chassis 4, platform 5, winch 6 with a load-carrying rope 7 and chokers 8 ; the second - from the chassis 9, the platform 10 and the device for holding the bundle of assortments 11 or conical clamping device 12 for holding the bundle of trees (whips).

The forestry machine operates as follows.

A harvesting machine can skid both separately lying assortments on a cutting area, and prepared bundles after a feller buncher.

The logging machine as part of the energy module 1 and the technological module with winch 6 drives along the main drag to the next apiary with fallen trees (whips) or with small bundles prepared by the feller buncher, the operator, controlling the manipulator 2, installs a deflecting block on the tree mast 3, through which a load-carrying rope 7 is passed, which is pulled along the apiary to the place of formation of a bundle of trees (whips). Then chokers 8 chocked down felled trees (whips); the winch 6 installed on the technological module 5 is turned on to wind the load-carrying rope 7, trees (whips) are formed into bundles and mowed to the main drag, where they are uncoupled and the bundle is left. Then the cycle is repeated until all the trees or small bundles from the apiary to the length of the load-bearing rope are podrezled to the trunk 7. After logging of all the trees from the apiary is finished, the logging machine moves to another apiary and the podrelevka cycle is repeated as described above until until all the wood from the apiaries adjacent to the main draw is bogged. Further, in accordance with the technological process, the trees can be cleaned of branches, and the whips can be cleared by any of the known methods. At this time, the forestry machine changes the technological modules in the upper warehouse. Subsequently, the assortments are loaded with a grab grab into the device 11, and the trees (whips) into the conical clamping device 12 and transported to the upper warehouse (timber loading station).

The proposed method of skidding reduces energy consumption for the skidding process, increases the productivity of the machine, reduces damage to the soil, undergrowth and root system of the remaining trees.

Claims (4)

1. The method of skidding, consisting of two stages, in the first of which skidding of the wood is carried out using a winch through a deflecting unit, which is installed using the self-propelled chassis on a tree mast, and in the second - by means of a device for holding transported wood, characterized in that at the first stage, skidding is carried out from apiaries adjacent to one main draw, using a self-propelled chassis in the form of an energy module and a trailed technological module with a winch, a load-carrying can atom and chokers, and at the second stage - along the main drag using another trailed technological module in the form of a chassis with a platform, which replaces the first technological module and on which a device for holding transported wood is installed. 2. Skidding machine, including a self-propelled chassis in the form of an energy module with a manipulator and interchangeable technological modules attached to it, on one of which a winch with a load-carrying rope and chokers is installed, and on the second technological module in the form of a chassis with a platform - a device for holding the transported wood. 3. Skidding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the device for holding the transported wood is made in the form of a cargo compartment of the forwarder. 4. Skidding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the device for holding transported wood is made in the form of a taper device.

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