RU2094979C1 - Felling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry. SUBSTANCE: felling machine has self-propelled chassis, frame of chassis, pusher mounted on frame in front of operator's cabin. Pressure levers positioned on pusher are adapted to accumulate branches and wood wastes. Load platform is made in the form of body rotating in vertical plane. Tree-pruning and pulling mechanism, chopping device and removable container for storage of wood chips are mounted below front part of load platform. Container for collecting branches and knotted parts of trees is disposed on frame behind tree-pruning and pulling mechanism. EFFECT: increased efficiency, wider operational capabilities and enhanced reliability in operation. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to forestry equipment and can be used in the forest industry.

 The closest in technical essence to the proposed design is a forestry machine, including a self-propelled chassis, on the frame of which an operator’s cab is mounted, a rotary hydraulic manipulator mounted in front of the operator’s cab, a loading platform, a removable container for wood shavings, a delimbing-pushing mechanism and a chipper, and a delimbing device The pulling mechanism and the chopper are mounted on the frame, behind the lateral protrusion of the operator’s cab.

 The disadvantage of this design is that it cannot collect chopping residues, i.e. branches, tree tops, etc. and move them to places designated for disposal.

 The drawing shows a logging machine when trimming knots and cutting wood into assortments, stacking them on a load-carrying tipping platform, collecting lumps of logging waste by the drive, as well as when trimming knots and paws from fine trees and processing whips into shavings with a chipper to place the chip container into place .

 The forestry machine includes a self-propelled chassis 1, for example, a caterpillar skidder, a frame 2, an operator’s cabin 3, tipping with the help of a hydraulic cylinder 4, a load-carrying platform 5, made in the form of a body, with the rear side opening with a hydraulic cylinder 6. At the same time, the bottom of the tipping cargo platform has the protrusion 7, which is the fence of the upper part of the operator's cab. A hydraulic manipulator 8 with an outrigger 9 and a drive of 10 branches is installed in front of the cab and carries a processor 11 at the end, which includes a saw bar 12 and a hydraulic motor 13.

 The hydraulic motor 13 is used to rotate the processor in a plane perpendicular to the vertical plane of rotation of the handle. Under the front of the load-bearing tipping platform 5 behind the operator’s cabin 3, a delimbing-pulling mechanism 14 is installed on the frame 2, which is connected to the chuck 15 of the chopper 16 using a common frame. The chopping device is connected by a spline 17 to a removable container 18 having an earring 19 for removing and installing the container with a hook 20 located at the bottom of the processor 11. The machine is equipped with a collection of 21 knots and paws when pulling thin-sized trees.

 Forestry machine operates in the forest harvester mode as follows.

 Moving under the canopy of the crown between trees with a tape width equal to the double reach of the boom, the machine cuts down ripe and mature trees, forming a corridor 4-5 m wide. After cutting, each tree is moved from a vertical position to a horizontal one, cuts branches when the tree is pulled to the rear of the body in a suspended state, cuts the tree into logs or sawlogs up to 6.5 m long with a saw bar 12 and puts them on a load-bearing tipping platform 5. At the same time, the main, auxiliary and preparatory-final time when cutting trees, cutting branches, bucking and stacking assortments and logs is sharply reduced, which significantly increases production machine productivity.

 When the machine moves forward, the cut branches are collected by the drive of 10 branches, while the cutting waste is compacted. When filling the body with assortments and sawlogs, the tree branch also completely fills.

 With the formation of a corridor of 4-5 m, the fine-sized trees up to 8 cm in diameter encountered by the front of the machine are also cut and sent to the delimbing-and-pulling mechanism 14 using the processor 11. During the trimming of the branches and paws of the fine-sized trees, the butt of the fine-sized tree falls into the chuck 15 device 16, which turns the tonometer into chips. Chip with the help of woodchip 17 is loaded into a removable container 18. Then the machine backs out of the corridor and transports the assortment, sawlog, wood shavings suitable according to technical conditions and GOST for the preparation of fiberboard and chipboard, as well as logging waste to the unloading site.

 When unloading assortments and sawlog with a hydraulic cylinder 6, the rear side of the body opens, while with another cylinder 4, the load-carrying platform 5 rises with the upper part upward, which allows the assortments and sawlog to lie on the unloading platform without damage. Using the earring 19 of the container 18 and the hook 20 located in the lower part of the processor 11, the container with chips is removed by a hydraulic manipulator to the unloading platform, and instead of it, an empty container is installed, after which the upper part of the body is lowered. Then the machine moves with a drive of 10 branches to a specific place, opens the drive, and the branches and logging waste, which are intended for further disposal, are dumped in a receiver or site.

 This machine is multioperational and widely universal. One operator with one machine can perform all operations from the stump to the upper warehouse. The machine works without changeovers in the modes of feller buncher and forest harvester.

 Working in the forest harvester mode, the logging machine significantly changes the technological process of harvesting wood; it’s not a complex of machines anymore, but one machine can produce logs and logs with continuous clear cutting of trees (width of the corridor 4-5 m), leaving 20 m wide forest belts and cutting down overmature and business trees from them at the same time.

 In order to maximize preservation of the undergrowth and to cause minimal damage to the ecology of the forest, the removal of assortments or logs in a load-bearing tipping platform and logging waste in the pile of branches from the corridors is carried out by reversing the machine using the previously laid track at the front of the machine.

 All operations (cutting wood, cutting branches, bucking, laying assortments and sawlogs) on a load-carrying platform are carried out not above the stump on the ground, but above it. Given that the tree is in limbo, the damage to trees both harvested and standing on the root decreases sharply.

 In addition, the damage to the soil cover is reduced, since the movement of the machine is carried out in the corridors of 4-5 m, and not throughout the cutting area.

 The machine is equipped with a hydraulic manipulator, which carries the processor up to 12 m LP-19-8, LL-46-6.5 m, this is achieved by installing additional supporting surfaces on the plunger. Logging waste is compacted and transported to the unloading site for further disposal using a storage device. A logging machine to eliminate the inevitable loss of wood during tree harvesting and to increase the removal of wood pulp from one hectare of forest land under the front of the load-carrying tipping platform behind the operator’s cabin on the frame is equipped with a chipper with a delimbing mechanism, a removable container and a container for collecting knots and paws from fine trees.

 The machine belongs to environmentally friendly machines, as it is multi-operational and performs all operations alone. It is not included in machine complexes, it does not require laying fibers and logging roads, as long logs, sawlogs and logging waste are suspended in transport and the logging machine can be moved both forward and reverse.

 All this contributes to the fact that it causes the least damage to the ecology of the forest and to the greatest extent saves the undergrowth and increases and accelerates the reproduction of the forest, as it belongs to the type of environmentally friendly and resource-saving machines.

 During the operation of the forest harvester, the machine increases productivity by 5 times compared to choker skidding, and compared to felling and skidding complexes by 3 times, while increasing the removal of wood mass and preserves fine-growing stands by 15-20 from one hectare of forest land when harvesting assortments and logs in cutting areas, as it eliminates the inevitable loss of wood.

Claims (2)

 A forestry machine, including a self-propelled chassis, on the frame of which an operator’s cab is mounted, a rotary hydraulic manipulator mounted in front of the operator’s cab, a loading platform, a removable container for wood shavings, a delimbing-pulling mechanism and a chopping device, with a delimbing-pulling mechanism and a chopping device mounted on the back of the frame lateral protrusion of the operator’s cabin, characterized in that the machine is equipped with a pusher mounted on the frame of the self-propelled chassis in front of the operator’s cabin clamping levers mounted on it for the accumulation of knots and logging waste, and the load-carrying platform is made in the form of a swivel in the vertical plane of the body, and the delimbing-pulling mechanism, the chopping device and a removable container for storing wood chips are installed under the front of the load-carrying platform.  2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a container for collecting knots and coniferous legs mounted on the frame behind the delimbing-pulling mechanism.