SU1126246A1 - Method of cultivating cutting area - Google Patents

Abstract

A METHOD FOR DEVELOPING A LESOSEKI, which includes felling trees, pruning branches with a delimbing machine with trees moving as they are pulled from the bottom to the top of the drive and transportation, characterized in that, with the aim of increasing productivity when developing logging sites on soils with low bearing capacity, Before pruning the branches of the trees, they are placed in packs on the fiber along its longitudinal axis with butt joints in one direction, and the trees are pulled in successively from each pack. (L to OG) ND 4 about:

Description

The invention relates to the forest industry and can be used in the production of logging operations.

Known methods for the production of logging operations, including felling of trees, skidding them to the route of the forest mustache, the subsequent pruning of branches with a mobile delimbing machine and transportation. In the process, pruning trees are free from the branches in front of the machine, and for processing subsequent trees, they are moved along the logging track along the shaft of the branches cut from the previous trees, thereby ensuring the conditions of the terrain on the timber carrying conveyor 1.

However, these methods do not provide high performance in the development of cutting areas on soils with low bearing capacity due to the fact that the low carrying capacity of soils does not allow the use of logging equipment, mainly traverseless tractors, at full capacity. In order to move through the cutting area, they are forced to take a smaller load. And even in this case there is no complete guarantee that the equipment will pass along the highway, since these methods do not provide for special training for skidding trays in the cutting area.

There is also known a method for developing a cutting area, which includes felling trees, pruning branches with a delimbing machine with moving trees when dragging from the bottom to the driveway and transporting 2.

The peculiarity of this method is that the maschina moves in the process of cutting the branches along the trees being processed, laid in the cutting area after separation from the ground into the tape one after another. At the same time, while dragging, the tree is moved to the conic, where it is clamped and held during the processing of subsequent trees and skidding.

However, the known method of developing a cutting area does not allow to achieve high performance when using it on soils with low bearing capacity, since to work by this method, after separating trees from the ground, it is required to stack each one of them one after another into a tape over the entire area of the cutting area. The processing of trees laid down in such a manner with a delimbing machine requires that the machine be approached each tree for processing and moving along each of them. In addition, in the process of working in the cutting area, the delimbing logger accumulates trees in the conic and moves from tree to tree and along trees with treated trees, which reduces its productivity when working on cutting areas with soil that has low

load bearing capacity. Moving the machine throughout the cutting area leads to the destruction of undergrowth on it. When working in a known manner, it is impossible to rationally use such a branch during the development of the cutting area, since they are scattered over the entire area.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity when developing cutting areas on

soils with low bearing capacity. The goal is achieved in that, according to a method that includes felling trees, pruning branches with a delimbing machine with trees moving as they are dragged from the bottom to the top into the hopper and transported, before pruning the branches of the trees, they are placed in packs on the fiber along its longitudinal axis into one the side, and the dragging of the trees is carried out sequentially from each pack.

FIG. Figure 1 shows the technological scheme for the development of the cutting area when transporting a pack of logs in the drive; in fig. 2 - the technological scheme of development of the cutting area during the transportation of a pack of hlys, unloaded from a hopper, on the portage; in fig. 3 - one of the variants of a succincting machine for the period of work (side view).

The cutting area 1 is started from the separation of trees 2 from the ground (by sawing, cutting, extracting by the root, etc.). Further, tree 2 is a shaft t and is laid along the portage 3, or is immediately laid on it after separation from the ground (for example, when operating a feller buncher with

power manipulator type LP-19). At the same time, with the mask 4, all the trees 2, which can be taken from one side, are placed along the portage 3 in a pack of 5 comoles 6 in one direction. All subsequent packs of 5 trees 2 are laid along the portage 3 com 6 in

0 the same side with a certain displacement (distance) relative to each other. Further, pruning of branches 7 from trees 3 laid on the portage 3 is carried out (pruning can also be carried out as the front of the work is prepared by the feller buncher 4) Pruning is done with a mobile delimbing machine 8 containing, for example, a self-propelled chassis 9 on frame 10 which is installed rotatable in two mutually perpendicular planes

0 a beam 11, on which a gripper 12 is installed with a possibility of longitudinal movement (Fig. 2), and along the edges of the beam 11, a gripper 13 and a head 14 are fastened. In addition, on the frame 10 of the machine 8, for example, in the area of the receiving head 14, a storage device 15 is installed with a device 16 for holding logs (for example, conic). Such a machine 8 can easily be aggregated on any existing, commercially available machine such as “Beam by installing a bunk on it. and positioning the beam parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine 8. The latter can also be performed differently (FIG. 3). For example, the beam 11 may be a telescopic one, on the sliding part of which a gripping and delimbing organ 17 is installed, and the receiving heads 14 and 18 can be mounted with possibility of mixing on another part of the telescopic rotary beam in mutually perpendicular planes of the beam 11. In any of the embodiments delimitation machine 8 should be provided with pulling trees 2 along portage 3, usually above machine 8, stopping during pruning on portage 3 along it so that its longitudinal axis is positioned approximately in the zone of the longitudinal axis of portage 3 (the fiber width is usually close to the width of the machine). In this case, the fall of the branches 7 must be ensured on the fiber 3 in front of the standing machine 8.

When pruning the branches 7, the usual techniques used for the corresponding type of delimbing machines are used. What is distinctive about this is that they take and pull tree 2 without manipulating, mixing it along portage 3. At the end of pulling, for example, the apical part 19 of the whip 20 enters the accumulator 15, for example conic 16 of the machine 8. During the process of pulling a branch 7 fall in front of the machine 8, forming a shaft 21. If the latter for some reason (which happens rarely) goes beyond the portage 3, the operator easily corrects it by means of a beam 11 with a gripper 12, or using, for example, a blade 22, if such Available by car. After processing the bundle 5 of trees 2, the machine 8 will be mixed to the next bundle 5 along portage 3 along shaft 21 of branches 7, cut from the previous bundle 5 of trees 2. In the process of laying the trees 2 onto the fiber 3 after separation from the ground, the distance between the bundles of 5 trees 2 according to the number 6 or vertices, it is selected from the condition of provision on the area formed by the edges of the portage 3 and the inter-rupture gap of the packs 5 after cutting the branches

7c of the next pack 5, the volume of the branches 7, sufficient to ensure, after pressing them, by the deliming machine 8 that is passing through them, reliable patency of the cable 3 of the machine itself

8 and other machines (for example, skidding).

For example, when working in a cutting area with a margin of 200-300 m per ha, the wolf-baling machine 4 can (on average) be separated from the ground and put seven trees in a pack of 5 per carriage 3. The crown volume of the growing tree 2 is 11% of the total volume of the tree 2. With an average tree size of 2 m, 0.3 m, the volume of branches 7, cut from seven trees laid with feller buncher 4 in bundle 5, is approximately 230 -240 kg. This volume of branches 7 is enough to strengthen logging fiber 3 on weak soils for a length of 1 to 4 m. Therefore, the distance between the cabs 6 or tops separated from the ground and laid on the fiber 3 into bundles of 5 trees 2 can be taken into in this case from 1 to 4 m.

0 By providing such a kind of bedding of the branches 7 by the delimbing machine 8 itself, it can reliably move to the subsequent bundle 5 to be processed while moving those held in the hopper 15

5 whips 20 obtained as a result of processing previous packs 5. At the same time, a stack of whips 20 of a sufficiently large volume can be accumulated in accumulator 15. Delimbing machine 8

Q may also be, for example, a delimbing-transport aggregate (i.e., for example, a self-propelled chassis with delimbing equipment and a trailer with conics, Fig. 1). In this case, the delimbing transport unit, forming in the drive

A 5 (trailer) bundle of logs, with a volume equal to, for example, a regular load of a timber truck, is separated by a loaded trailer, which is subsequently transported by another vehicle to a logging truck, and the machine moves to an adjacent fiber, where it hooks a predetermined empty trailer and continues to work on this technology.

Such a technological option is also possible, when the delimbing transport aggregate itself shuffles, during the processing of trees on the portage, the whips accumulated in the trailer to the forest mustache, where it is separated from the delimbing machine. In order to ensure effective work in such a variant, it is necessary that the volume of wood, pressed on the same track between the forest mustache, corresponds after the treatment (trimming) to the traffic load of the forest truck. However, the most likely current option

The delimbing machine 8 is a self-propelled chassis with delimbing equipment and a conic 16.

This option is also possible for further work in the cutting area.

As the bundles of 20 are accumulated (packs with a volume sufficient for high-performance operation of the skidder 23), they are separated from the delimbing machine and transported (trill to the forest road 24). In particular,

5 packs of whips 20 can be separated from the machine 8 by unloading (for example, dropping from the opened rider 16) onto fiber 3 (along it). After that packs of whips 20

From the portage 3, the skidder 23 can be sequentially tapped, for example, with a bundle grab. In this case, skidding is more convenient for carrying out tops 19 (from the point of view of maximum utilization of skidding machine 23). The skidding machine 23 will be able to trail a pack of large volume, since the preparation of the portage 3 by the delimbing machine 8, i.e., the underlying layer 25 of compacted branches 7, sufficient from the point of view of terrain, has been made.

Thus, the proposed method of developing logging sites with low bearing capacity soils increases the productivity of logging by 10-15%, eliminates labor and material costs due to the fact that the preparation and strengthening of logging tools does not require forces, since this work is carried out in the process of implementing the delimbing machine of its main production functions.

Fig 2

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR DEVELOPING A FORESTRY, including felling trees, cutting branches from them with a delimbing-and-storage machine with moving trees when dragging from the butt to the top into the drive and transporting, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity when developing cutting areas on soils with low bearing capacity, before by pruning the branches, the trees are laid in bundles on a dribble along its longitudinal axis with knots in one direction, and the pulling of the trees is carried out sequentially from each bundle. N5 05 bc 4 * 05 Fig. /