RU2310317C2 - Method for preparing of additive for growing of oyster mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing mixture of plant substrate with additive produced from plant remains in the form of grits of wheat, soya cake, sunflower cake and pomace, hulling bran and grits of rice, corn flour. Plant substrate is prepared in the form of cooked-through wet grains. Also, animal processing waste such as fish, bone, and meat-and-bone flour is used as additive. Ratio of plant and animal components is about 2:1. Additive is sterilized, mixed in the ratio of 1 kg of grain to up to 300 g of additive. Thereafter, resultant mixture is sterilized, inoculated with Pleurotus ostreatus spores and held until mycelium is developed.

EFFECT: increased yield of oyster mushroom, increased efficiency in utilizing of groats waste and also waste of other branches of industry, and reduced percentage of infecting of mycelium.

3 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agricultural biotechnology, in particular to the cultivation of oyster mushroom.

Supplementation for growing Pleurotus ostreatus is currently quite common. A variety of methods are known for preparing different additives. For example, a known method of preparing an organic additive "Bioactivator" containing starch and calcium hydroxide in proportions of 40-60%. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed, and then kept under normal conditions for at least 36 hours. This additive increases the yield of fruit bodies of mushrooms by 15-20% due to enrichment of the substrate with sugars and self-sterilization of the mixture [RF patent 2140729, IPC A01G 1/04, 1999].

There is also another method of growing wood mushrooms, in which the prepared mixture of one wt. parts of water and two wt. parts of a dry mixture consisting of natural cellulose with a small addition of starch and protein are packaged in an elastic container and sterilized. After that, the thus prepared composition is inoculated with spores of edible fungi and maintained until the development of mycelium [US patent 4127965, IPC A01G 1/04, 1978].

Closest to the claimed is a method of growing grain mycelium, including sterilization of brewed grain with mineral additives, inoculation with fungal culture and incubation in bags of low pressure polyethylene, moreover, sterilization is carried out at a temperature of 120-123 ° C for 1-2 hours. The invention allows to intensify and reduce the cultivation of commercial mycelium, as well as reduce material costs for its preparation [RF patent 2189728, IPC A01G 1/04, 2002].

The disadvantage of this method is that the addition of mineral additives and the use of a plastic bag reduces only the material cost of producing mycelium, without affecting the mass of the obtained fruit bodies of the fungus.

The technical solution to the problem is to increase the yield of oyster mushroom, waste disposal of cereals and other industries, savings in the application of mycelium, as well as a decrease in the percentage of infection of the substrate.

The object is achieved in that in the method of preparing an additive for growing oyster mushroom, which includes preparing a mixture of a plant substrate with an additive from waste of plant origin, according to the invention, the plant substrate is boiled and moist grains, animal waste is also used as an additive, and the ratio of components of plant and animal origin is approximately 2: 1, the additive is sterilized, mixed in a ratio of 1 kg of grain to 300 g additives, then the resulting mixture is sterilized, inoculated with spores of Pleurotus ostreatus and incubated until the development of mycelium.

The novelty of the claimed invention is due to the fact that during sowing we do not separately contribute mycelium and the additive, at the risk of infection of the entire production, but use the mycelium with the necessary amount of already protected nitrogen supplement. The resulting mycelium, together with the additive, is introduced into the prepared plant substrate in its various combinations.

This simple method allows you to:

- during the production of mycelium, reduce the amount of grain used by adding waste, thereby reducing its (mycelium) cost;

- increases by 5-10% the yield of the mass of the fruiting bodies of the fungus due to increased nutrient content of the substrate;

- minimizes the risk of infection of the substrate with pathogenic bacteria.

And additives of animal origin, also protected (from various pathogenic microflora and various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria) with oyster mushroom mycelium, can be used in animal feeding.

An example of a specific implementation of the method of growing oyster mushroom.

The experiment was conducted in the Anastasia mushroom farm of the Krasnodar Territory. Belorechensky district, village Rodniki, st. Airfield. Plant waste (wheat bran, soybean meal, meal and sunflower cake, flour and rice bran, cornmeal), as well as animal products (fish, bone and meat and bone meal) are sterilized and mixed with boiled and moist grains of wheat, oats, millet or barley. The resulting mixture is sterilized. Then the resulting mixture was inoculated with spores of Pleurotus ostreatus, kept until the development of mycelium. Fouling of the additive and grain occurs within 10-14 days. For comparison, the nitrogen supplement was sterilized, but not overgrown with mycelium, was introduced immediately into the plant substrate. Additive - wheat bran - added in an amount of 150 g per 1 kg of mycelium. Fish meal added 70 g per 1 kg of mycelium.

The results obtained at the end of the experiments are reflected in the table of key indicators.

Table

Types of Additives
The studied indicators Mycelium without additives Mycelium + supplement not overgrown with mycelium, wheat bran Mycelium + fish meal Mycelium + bran millet. The growth of biomass of fungi,% one hundred 104.2 105.7 109 Marriage during the period of fouling,% 3,5 13 3 1,5 Marriage during the fruiting period,% 6 twenty 5.5 four

Claims (3)

1. A method of growing oyster mushroom mycelium, comprising preparing a mixture of plant substrate with an additive from waste of plant origin, characterized in that the plant substrate is boiled and moist grains, animal waste is also used as an additive, and the ratio of components of plant and animal origin is approximately 2: 1, the additive is sterilized, mixed in a ratio of 1 kg of grain to 300 g of the additive, then the resulting mixture is sterilized, inoculated immediately rams Pleurotus ostreatus and incubated until the development of the mycelium. 2. The method of growing oyster mushroom mycelium according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste of plant origin is wheat bran, soybean meal, meal and sunflower cake, flour and rice bran, corn flour. 3. The method of growing oyster mushroom mycelium according to claim 1, characterized in that the animal waste is fish, bone and meat and bone meal.