CN104961562B - A kind of mushroom cultivation material and the preparation method and application thereof of addition part sunflower seed shell - Google Patents
A kind of mushroom cultivation material and the preparation method and application thereof of addition part sunflower seed shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN104961562B CN104961562B CN201510345737.1A CN201510345737A CN104961562B CN 104961562 B CN104961562 B CN 104961562B CN 201510345737 A CN201510345737 A CN 201510345737A CN 104961562 B CN104961562 B CN 104961562B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparations and its application of addition part sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material, it is to substitute cotton seed hull, wherein cotton seed hull 55%, sunflower seed shell 30%, wheat bran 12%, quick lime 3% according to 30% addition sunflower seed shell of total amount after crushing sunflower seed shell.Prepare mushroom cultivation material, cotton seed hull formula not add sunflower seed shell compares, production cost about 20% can be reduced while not influencing yield and mushroom shape, it is in short supply to alleviate edible mushroom industry production primary raw material-cotton seed hull, the constantly extruded problem of profit margin, solving discarded overstock of sunflower seed shell simultaneously leads to the problems such as environmental pollution, it is made to obtain efficient, low consumption, high-quality, ecological, environmentally friendly conversion, which provides a kind of effective method for mushroom cultivation material preparation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to edible mushroom Development Techniques fields, are related to mushroom industry chain upstream culture materials of edible fungi, more specifically
It is a kind of preparation and its application of addition part sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material that ground, which is said,.
Background technology
Oyster mushroom（Pleurotus ostreatus）Also known as pick up the ears, belong to mycota, Basidiomycota, Hymenomycetes, Agaricales, side
Otology, Pleurotus.Have the characteristics that tender meat fertilizer, delicious flavour, nutritive value are high, a kind of nutrition and all good guarantor of medical value
Health food.
Oyster mushroom belongs to the wooden saprophytic bacteria, and the ability of decomposing organic matter is stronger, and Pleurotus ostreatus has stronger adaptability, cultivation
The various crops leftovers rich in carbon sources such as cellulose, lignin can be selected in raw material（Such as cotton seed hull, sawdust and various crop straw
Stalk etc.）, in addition it is also necessary to add the nitrogen sources such as wheat bran, urea.
Current China's sunflower seed shell is made there are about 4,250,000 tons according to statistics, and waste or burning, sunflower seeds are taken as in addition to most of
Shell is alternatively arranged as the raw material of adsorbent, activated carbon, alcohol fuel, extraction edible natural pigment and chlorogenic acid.In addition, sunflower seeds
The organic substances such as the cellulose, hemicellulose, the lignin that are rich in shell.
What China was common at present pick up the ears, and culture raw material is cotton seed hull, with growing to even greater heights for production cost in recent years, is passed through
It improves cultivation technique and other cultivates raw materials replacement cotton seed hulls to reduce the research of cost with sawdust, corncob, soybean stalk etc.
Common space in a newspaper, but cotton seed hull is replaced to reduce production cost using sunflower seed shell by raw material, the research report for improving profit is less.For
Alleviate cotton seed hull present situation in short supply, which adds conventional cottonseed according to a certain percentage with cheap sunflower seed shell
In skin mushroom cultivation material, to reduce cost, the recycling of waste resource is realized, promote the development of mushroom cultivation diversification of feedstock.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of preparations and its application of addition part sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material, it is by sunflower seed shell
After crushing, it is added in mushroom cultivation material according to a certain percentage, mushroom cultivation material is prepared, not add the cotton seed hull of sunflower seed shell
Formula compares, and production cost about 20% can be reduced while not influencing yield and mushroom shape, alleviates edible mushroom industry production master
Want raw material-cotton seed hull in short supply, the constantly extruded problem of profit margin, while solving discarded overstock of sunflower seed shell and leading
The problems such as environmental pollution are caused, it is made to obtain efficient, low consumption, high-quality, ecological, environmentally friendly conversion, which is mushroom cultivation material system
It is standby to provide a kind of effective method.
To achieve the above object, the invention discloses addition part sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation materials, it is characterised in that it is
After sunflower seed shell is crushed, cotton seed hull, wherein cotton seed hull 55%, sunflower seed shell are substituted according to 30% addition sunflower seed shell of total amount
30%, wheat bran 12%, quick lime 3%.Cotton seed hull formula not add sunflower seed shell compares, can not influence fruiting yield and
Raw material production cost about 20% is reduced while quality.Wherein sunflower seed shell earlier stage processing method is selected free of contamination sunflower seeds
Shell passed through screening and choosing crushing, granular size 0.5cm.
The present invention further discloses sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material preparation method and fruiting processes, it is by following step
It is rapid to carry out：
（1）Sunflower seed shell is crossed into screening and choosing, remove impurity removing after crush, it is aqueous 15% to control its by granular size 0.5cm
Left and right stores spare after being packaged in dry environment；
（2）By sunflower seed shell after selected crushing, it is added in common mushroom cultivation material according to 30% ratio；It mixes well
Humidity is adjusted afterwards to 60% ~ 65% or so, and shelving 1h makes its uniform moisture soak；
（3）Mushroom cultivation is carried out in a manner of plastic bag cultivation, with fruiting bacterium bag specification：It can for 17cm × 35cm × 0.045cm
Siccative about 0.35kg, weight in wet base about 0.7kg are filled, is packed after mixing, and completes pack within 3h, it is rancid to prevent compost, with 121
DEG C sterilizing 2h.
（4）It is inoculated under aseptic condition when bacterium bag is cooled to 36 DEG C, inoculum concentration is every bag of 15ml；
（5）By after inoculation move into 26 DEG C of constant temperature, drying, cleaning, dark bacterium germination room cultivate 20 days can mycelia it is long
It is full.
（6）Bacterium bag after purseful is moved into mushroom producing room, keeps 25 DEG C of temperature, 80% relative air humidity, 200lx illumination tune
Oyster mushroom fruiting is carried out under valence.
The present invention uses the sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material, is primarily due to, the cellulose that is rich in sunflower seed shell, half fiber
Tie up the organic substances such as element, lignin.The invention is under the precondition for not influencing fruiting yield and quality, with common cottonseed
Skin mushroom cultivation material compares, and the raw material of production can be significantly reduced by carrying out mushroom cultivation according to 30% ratio addition sunflower seed shell
Cost about 20% or so, replaces cotton seed hull to reduce production cost using sunflower seed shell by raw material, in short supply to alleviate cotton seed hull
Present situation realizes the recycling of sunflower seed shell waste resource, promotes culture diversification of feedstock.
The present invention further discloses application of the sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material in terms of reducing production cost.Experiment knot
Fruit shows：
（1）Carbon-nitrogen ratio, the physical behavior of compost disclosure satisfy that the normal fruiting of mushroom cultivation after addition sunflower seed shell.
（2）It is little to Yield of Pleurotus Ostreatus and qualitative effects compared to the control group to add part sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material.
（3）Addition part sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material compared to do not add sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material control group can be with
Effectively reduce raw material production cost about 20% or so.
（4）It is cotton seed hull 55%, sunflower seed shell by adding the most adaptation side that part sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material obtains
30%, wheat bran 12%, quick lime 3%.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further, and the examples are merely illustrative, is in no way intended to it
It limits the scope of the invention in any way.Below by way of addition part sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material embodiment furtherly
The beneficial effect of the bright present invention.The materials such as cotton seed hull, sunflower seeds, shell wheat bran, quick lime that the present invention uses are by commercially available.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of compost：
The mushroom cultivation material of part sunflower seed shell is added, it is to add certain herbaceous plants with big flowers according to the 30% of total amount after crushing sunflower seed shell
Flower seed shell substitutes cotton seed hull, wherein cotton seed hull 55%, sunflower seed shell 30%, wheat bran 12%, quick lime 3%.
Embodiment 2
Add part sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material preparation method：Cross screening and choosing, remove impurity removing after crush, granular size is
0.5cm, controls that its is aqueous 15% or so, substitutes cotton seed hull according to 30% ratio and is added to conventional mushroom cultivation material（Cotton seed hull
85%, wheat bran 12%, quick lime 3%）In, for substituting the cotton seed hull in routine culture material, the mushroom cultivation material described in the invention is
On the basis of the formula mushroom cultivation material is made according to 30% addition sunflower seed shell of gross mass.
Embodiment 3
Sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material preparation method：
Sunflower seed shell is crossed into screening and choosing, remove impurity removing after crush, granular size 0.5cm, control its it is aqueous 15% a left side
The right side stores spare after being packaged in dry environment；
（2）Sunflower seed shell after selected crushing is added to according to 30% ratio in common mushroom cultivation material；After mixing well
Humidity is adjusted to 60% ~ 65% or so, shelving 1h makes its uniform moisture soak；
（3）Mushroom cultivation is carried out in a manner of plastic bag cultivation, with fruiting bacterium bag（Specification：17cm×35cm ×0.045cm）For can
Siccative about 0.35kg, weight in wet base about 0.7kg are filled, is packed after mixing, and completes pack within 3h, it is rancid to prevent compost, with 121
DEG C sterilizing 2h；
（4）It is inoculated with using liquid spawn under aseptic condition when bacterium bag is cooled to 36 DEG C, inoculum concentration is every bag of 15ml；
（5）By after inoculation move into 26 DEG C of constant temperature, drying, cleaning, dark bacterium germination room cultivate 20 days can mycelia it is long
It is full；
（6）Bacterium bag after purseful is moved into mushroom producing room, keeps 25 DEG C of temperature, 80% relative air humidity, 200lx illumination tune
Oyster mushroom fruiting is carried out under valence.
Embodiment 4
The water content that the sunflower seed shell mushroom cultivation material is finally modulated is 60%, pH naturally, hair liquid spawn inoculum concentration is
15ml/ bags, the bacterium purseful time is that can enter the fruiting stage in 20 days, it is desirable that Cultivation condition space relative humidity 80%, temperature 25
DEG C, intensity of illumination 200lx periodically takes a breath, and keeps room air fresh.
Embodiment 5
Using plastic bag cultivation mode, according to fruiting bacterium bag specification：17cm × 35cm × 0.045cm fills siccative about 350g, weight in wet base
40 repetitions are done in about 0.7kg, every group of experiment,（15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, control）, control group fruiting bacteria stick formula：Cotton seed hull
85%, wheat bran 12%, quick lime 3%.Water content 60% in adjustment formula, packs after fully mixing rear shelving 0.5h thoroughly, 121 DEG C of sterilizings
2h。
Embodiment 6
The bacterium bag for sending out full is moved into mushroom producing room, keeps temperature constant, is sprayed water at regular time and quantity to mushroom room floor, results of regular determination
Indoor temperature, humidity and intensity of illumination.By temperature, humidity, light stimulation formed former base, after buddingging open sack observation,
Record, compare oyster mushroom purseful number of days in 5 kinds of different formulations, the dense degree of mycelia, mycelial growth rate, analysis, statistics fruiting time,
Former base quantity, mushroom shape feature, biological conversion rate.
As a result：
By adding different proportion（15%、30%、45%、60%）Sunflower seed shell is configured to 4 kinds of composts, not add certain herbaceous plants with big flowers
The general formula of flower seed shell compares, and compares 5 formula mycelial growth rates, dense degree, mushroom shape and biological conversion rate.As a result
Showing that addition 30% sunflower seed shell formula mycelial growth rate is very fast, mycelia is fine and close, and for biological conversion rate up to 64%, mushroom shape is regular,
Reduce cost about 20%.Obtain a kind of sunflower seed shell formula cotton seed hull 55% that cultivation oyster mushroom is optimal, sunflower seed shell 30%, wheat bran
12%, quick lime 3%, mycelium growth vigor is best, and growth cycle is shorter, and biological transformation ratio is larger, and can obtain relatively high yield
And economic benefit, there is good promotional value.
Embodiment 7
Comparative test
Conclusion：
It is very fast to add 30% sunflower seed shell formula mycelial growth rate, fruiting yield and quality and not add sunflower seed shell flat
Mushroom compost is suitable, but the invention can reduce raw materials for production cost about 20%.
Claims (1)
1. it is a kind of addition part sunflower seed shell reduce production cost mushroom cultivation material preparation method, it is characterised in that it be by
After sunflower seed shell crushes, cotton seed hull is substituted according to 30% addition sunflower seed shell of total amount, wherein cotton seed hull 55%, sunflower seed shell 30%,
Wheat bran 12%, quick lime 3% are carried out by following step：
（1）Sunflower seed shell is crossed into screening and choosing, remove impurity removing after crush, it is aqueous in 15%, Yu Gan to control its by granular size 0.5cm
It is stored after being packaged in dry environment spare；
（2）By sunflower seed shell after selected crushing, it is added in common mushroom cultivation material according to 30% ratio；It is adjusted after mixing well
Humidity is saved to 60% ~ 65%, shelving 1-2h makes its uniform moisture soak；
（3）Mushroom cultivation is carried out in a manner of plastic bag cultivation, with bacterium bag specification：17cm × 35cm × 0.045cm, dress siccative 0.35kg are wet
0.7kg is weighed about, is packed after mixing, and completes pack within 3h, 121 DEG C sterilizing 2hs rancid to prevent compost；
（4）Liquid spawn inoculation is carried out under aseptic condition when bacterium bag is cooled to 36 DEG C, inoculum concentration is every bag of 15ml；
（5）By after inoculation move into 26 DEG C of constant temperature, drying, cleaning, dark bacterium germination room cultivate 20 days can mycelia cover with；
（6）By after purseful bacterium bag move into mushroom producing room, keep 25 DEG C of temperature, 80% relative air humidity, 200lx illumination conditions into
Row oyster mushroom fruiting.
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| CN106431658B (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2020-06-05 | 长江师范学院 | Oyster mushroom culture medium and oyster mushroom cultivation method |
| CN109220707A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2019-01-18 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | Application of the lotus seed shell in production mushroom cultivation material |
Citations (5)
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| CN103420727A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-12-04 | 凤台县星展食用菌有限公司 | Needle mushroom cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641566A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-19 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus cornucopiae culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN103641557A (en) * | 2013-12-08 | 2014-03-19 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing hericium erinaceus culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN103641614A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-19 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing Grifola frondosa culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN104119132A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-10-29 | 东至县兴农菌业有限责任公司 | Pleurotus eryngii culture medium by taking sunflower straws as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103420727A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-12-04 | 凤台县星展食用菌有限公司 | Needle mushroom cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641557A (en) * | 2013-12-08 | 2014-03-19 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing hericium erinaceus culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN103641614A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-19 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing Grifola frondosa culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN103641566A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-19 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus cornucopiae culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN104119132A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-10-29 | 东至县兴农菌业有限责任公司 | Pleurotus eryngii culture medium by taking sunflower straws as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
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