RU2250583C1 - Combined sod unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, meadows and pastures improvement equipment.

SUBSTANCE: combined sod unit has working tools with spring-loaded section composed of two disks for forming vertical walls of strips. Disks are spaced from one another by distance equal to width of strip under cultivation process of rotavating working tools of sod drill and are offset with respect to one another in direction of advancement of unit by distance at least equal to radius of disk. Slitters-stone removers are located in front of spring-loaded sections of working tools along mid portion of strip. Fertilizers are fixed for axial displacement on slitters-stone removers.

EFFECT: increased yield of seed grasses through increased quality of sod cultivation by means of rotavating working tools, high-quality application of fertilizers and improvement of water-air mode of soil.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to units for improving meadows and pastures.

Known Voroshilovgrad agricultural unit (AS USSR No. 1568913, MKI 5 A 01 B 69/00), containing a tractor and an agricultural implement connected to it from behind. Guides are installed on the longitudinal axis of the unit. In front of the tractor is a soil knife made in the form of a disk. The guide element, made in the form of slitherese, is installed behind the tractor on an agricultural implement. When the unit moves along pre-cut slots, the disk and the guiding element move along the slit, providing a fixed position of the unit relative to the rows of plants, but this does not take into account the vibrations of each of the working bodies, which leads to exceeding the agrotechnical tolerances for the protective strip during inter-row processing. Another disadvantage of this agricultural unit is the lack of a protective mechanism against stones and other foreign objects that cause premature failure of the working bodies of the agricultural machine and, as a result, the quality of the soil treatment is reduced.

The closest in technical essence and the set of essential features to the claimed unit is a sod combined aggregate ADK - 2.8 (Kormanovsky L.P., Sysuev V.A., Kormshchikov A.D., Kislicin A.V. Development of a family of machines for sowing grass seeds in turf to various energy sources // Machine technologies and new agricultural machinery for the conditions of the Euro-North-East: Materials of the 2nd International Scientific and Practical Conference: in 3 volumes - Kirov, 2001. - T.3 p. 3 ... 7.), consisting of a tractor, a fertilizer seeder, located on the front linkage, and spring turf seeder placed on the rear linkage of the tractor.

Unit ADK-2.8 works as follows. Fertilizers from the fertilizer seeder fertilizer box are fed by fertilizer machines to the fertilizer pipelines and stacked on the turf in strips of fertilizer separator. Milling cutters mounted on the seeder frame mechanically process the turf in strips, mixing fertilizers with soil. Grass seeds are fed by seed meters through the vas deferens and laid in the soil to a predetermined depth. The soil in the strips is leveled by the cover of the casing and compacted by packer rollers. The disadvantages of this agricultural unit with its transverse vibrations are the mismatch of the soil cultivation bands by the milling sections with the fertilizer strips, which causes the inefficient use of fertilizers, as well as tear pieces of sod from the edges of the processed tape, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of the soil treatment. There is no protective mechanism against stones and other foreign objects that cause premature breakage of cutters and, as a result, low reliability of the machine.

The tasks that need to be solved are to increase the yield of sown herbs by improving the quality of the cultivation of the turf by milling sections, high-quality fertilizing and improving the water-air regime of the soil, as well as improving the reliability of the machine.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the spring-loaded section of the working bodies of the sod combined, consisting of a tractor, a fertilizer strip fertilizer mounted on the front linkage of the tractor and containing a frame, a fertilizer box with fertilizer machines and their drive, slip guides, spring-loaded sections of the working bodies , seeders of strip sowing of grass seeds in a turf mounted on the rear linkage of the tractor and containing the supporting drive wheel located on the frame, milling sections having e tillage knives, seed box with sowing machines and their drive, seed guides, rolling rollers, consists of two disks that form the vertical walls of the strip and spaced across from each other at a distance equal to the width of the machined strip of the milling working bodies of the sodder seeder, and offset relative to each other in the direction of movement of the unit at a distance of not less than the radius of the disk, and in front of the spring-loaded sections of the working bodies in the middle of the strip there are slit-removing stones.

High-quality and local fertilizer application when changing the depth of treatment with stone gouges-stone removers is achieved due to the fact that the guide rails are fixed on the stone gullet-stone eliminators with the possibility of axial movements, which allows you to adequately change the position of the guide guards.

During operation of the combined turf sowing unit, the spring-loaded section of the working bodies mounted on the fertilizer planter of the strip spreading fertilizer consists of two discs located at a distance equal to the width of the machined strip of the milling working bodies of the turf seeder and offset relative to each other in the direction of movement of the unit at a distance of not less than the radius of the disk, notching the soil, forms the vertical walls of the strip, excluding breakouts of pieces of sod from the edges of the treated strip when Shoe soil milling cutters. Slot-stone removers installed in front of the spring-loaded sections of the working bodies in the middle of the strip to a depth greater than the depth of the soil cultivation by milling sections are cut in the soil of the slot and at the same time when they meet a stone or a foreign object, it is removed to the surface and shifted from the processed strip. Further, the guide rails, fixed with the possibility of axial movements on the slit-stone removing machines, evenly distribute the applied fertilizers along the strip.

After that, the milling cutters mounted on the seeder frame mechanically process the soil without tearing pieces of turf from the edges of the processed strip. Grass seeds are fed by seed meters through the vas deferens and laid in the soil to a predetermined depth. The soil in the strips is leveled by the cover of the casing and compacted by packer rollers.

Improving the quality of soil treatment by milling sections is achieved due to the fact that tear pieces of turf are excluded from the edges of the processed strip, since the spring-loaded section of the working bodies, cutting the turf, forms the vertical walls of the strip.

The improvement of the water-air regime of the soil is achieved due to the fact that cherezherez-stone removers cut cracks in the soil, which provide the water, air and thermal regimes necessary for fodder grasses.

Improving the reliability of the machine occurs as a result of a significant reduction in the number of breakdowns of the milling working body due to stones or foreign objects, as stone gouge extractors remove them to the surface and remove them from the processed strip.

Figure 1 shows the unit sod combined, side view; figure 2 is the same, a top view; figure 3 is a spring-loaded section of the working bodies, side view; figure 4 is the same, a top view; figure 5 is a diagram of the strip tillage and cutting of cracks.

The combined turf unit contains a tractor 1, a fertilizer planter of fertilizer 2, mounted on the front hitch 3 of the tractor 1 and containing a frame 4, a fertilizer box 5 with fertilizer devices 6 and their drive 7, a spring-loaded section of the working bodies 8, consisting of two disks 9, stone cleavers 10 for cutting slots 11, on which the guides 12 are placed with the possibility of axial movements, a seeder of strip sowing of grass seeds in a turf 13, mounted on the rear hitch 14 of the tractor 1 and containing a frame 15, milling tion 16 with seed drawer 17 sowing apparatus 18 and actuator 19, semyanapraviteli 20, following rollers 21.

The unit sod combined works as follows.

When the unit is moving, the spring-loaded section of the working bodies 8, consisting of two discs 9 installed on the fertilizer planter of strip fertilizer 2, cutting the soil, forms the vertical walls of the strip 22. Fertilizers from the fertilizer box 5 of the fertilizer seeder 2 are fed by fertilizer machines 6 into the pipelines and laid on the turf by strips by a guide 12. Slot-cutting stone-strippers 10 are cut in the soil of the slit 11 in the middle of the strips 23 and at the same time, when they meet a stone or a foreign object, they are removed to the surface and removed from the surface washable strip 23. Milling sections 16 mounted on the frame 15 of the seeder of strip sowing 13, mechanically process the turf with strips 23, mixing fertilizers with the soil. Grass seeds are fed by metering units 18 through the vas deferens and laid in the soil to a predetermined depth. The soil in the strips is leveled by the cover of the casing and compacted by rolling rollers 21.

Claims (2)

1. Combined turf unit consisting of a tractor, a fertilizer planter of fertilizer strip-mounted fertilizer mounted on the front hitch of the tractor and containing a frame, fertilizer box with fertilizer machines and their drive, fertilizer guides, spring-loaded sections of working bodies, seeders of strip sowing of grass seeds in the turf installed on the rear linkage of the tractor and containing the supporting drive wheel located on the frame, milling sections having tillage knives, a seed box with sowing units and their drive, seed rulers, rolling rollers, characterized in that the spring-loaded section of the working bodies consists of two disks forming the vertical walls of the strip and spaced across from each other at a distance equal to the width of the machined strip of the milling working bodies of the sodder seeder, and offset relative to each other in the direction of movement unit at a distance of not less than the radius of the disk, and in front of the spring-loaded sections of the working bodies in the middle of the strip are installed slit-stone removers. 2. The sod combination plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide rails are mounted on the stone cleavers-stone eliminators with the possibility of axial movements.

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