RU2647922C1 - Machine for applying mineral fertilisers in layers into garden row spacings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: machine includes a fertiliser distributor, a fertiliser duct, and a working element in the form of disk slit-cutters to cut slits in the row spacings of the tilled garden. The machine is equipped with a bit-type feeding cutter with three-tiered branch pipes with the possibility of mounting it behind the slit-cutters. At the end of each branch pipe, diffusers 10 made with a width equal to the width of a slit to be cut are rigidly mounted.

EFFECT: increasing the uniformity of distributing fertilisers along the depth of a slit to be cut.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and is intended for layer-by-layer application of mineral fertilizers with their simultaneous incorporation during decompression of soil in the aisles of the garden.

A device for deep loosening of the soil with the simultaneous introduction of organic fertilizers with a narrow tape in the rows of vineyards, nurseries, orchards. The main working body of the machine is the coulter, designed for the formation of cracks in the soil and the incorporation of fertilizers to a depth of 30 to 50 cm [1]. However, the disadvantage of this machine is its high energy intensity, because a passive working body is used.

A device for layer-by-layer application of mineral fertilizers, comprising a rack with a shoe, right and left shares, mounted on the shoe, and a chisel installed along the line of their connection, a mixer, attached to the rear of the rack, including a funnel, in the upper part of which piping and duct are built-in, and a rectangular pipe, characterized in that the rectangular pipe is divided into two symmetric channels of different lengths with a tiered arrangement of their bases, under each of which is placed a reflector - diffuser [2]. However, the disadvantage of this machine is its high energy intensity, because a passive working body is used.

Known cultivator-fertilizer containing wedge-shaped jay. A fertilizer pipe is mounted on the rear of the rack, and a share in the lower part. The shares are installed with the help of a shoe in the alignment of the rack. In front of the wedge-shaped rack on the brackets there is a tooth ripping drum with interchangeable teeth. The teeth are made in the shape of a quadrangular regular pyramid. In the lower part of the plowshares, fertilizer pipelines are placed with windows at the outer trailing edge of the plowshares. The fertilizer distribution pipelines are coupled to the fertilizer piping at the rear of the rack with a flow divider. The rounding of the flow divider is made along the radius of the circle. The live section of the fertilizer distribution pipelines is made increasing from the flow divider. Such a constructive solution provides a decrease in traction resistance and increases the uniform distribution of mineral fertilizers [3].

The main disadvantage of this method of fertilizing is the application of fertilizers to a shallow depth, therefore, they are not distributed according to the volume of the possible location of the root system of plants, that is, they are unattainable for a developed powerful root system, which ultimately negatively affects the yield of plants.

Closest to the proposed machine is a device for subsoil fertilizing in the aisles of a garden [4 - prototype], including a fertilizer metering device, a piping and a working body for fertilizing, and the working body is made in the form of disk slippers, and a box casing with hole.

However, the main disadvantage is the uneven distribution of fertilizer over the soil layers in the gap.

The aim of the invention is to increase the yield of fruit crops due to the uniform distribution of fertilizers along the depth of the root system of plants.

This is achieved by the fact that the machine for layer-by-layer application of mineral fertilizers is equipped with a chisel-shaped feeding knife with three tiered spouts, with the possibility of installing it behind the slitherels, which makes it possible to deliver mineral fertilizers to different depths.

The invention is illustrated by the attached schemes, where:

FIG. 1 - diagram of a device for layering fertilizer in the garden

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a working body with nozzles.

The machine for layer-by-layer application of mineral fertilizers in the aisles of the garden (Fig. 1) consists of a frame 1, on which the working sections 2 are mounted, a bevel gear 3, a fertilizer sowing unit 4 and support wheels racks 8. A shaft with a working body - disk shear is mounted on the working section 6. The gearbox is connected to the gear block by a cardan transmission. The drive gear of the disk shearez is connected to the gear unit by a chain transmission. To distribute fertilizers in the slit, a feeding knife is used with three tiered spouts 9 (Fig. 2), at the end of which diffusers 10 are mounted. Support wheels 8 are used to adjust the depth of tillage.

The proposed device operates as follows.

When the unit moves in the row-spacing of fruit stands, disk slitherez 8 cut the slits, while cutting the chips and grinding to a predetermined structure. Then, the crushed soil is discarded to the guide casing 5, at the same time, mineral fertilizers from the fertilizer sowing apparatus 4 through the discharge window through the piping 7 fall into three branch pipes arranged in tiers. Thus, mineral fertilizers are delivered to different depths, while being evenly distributed over the width of the slit due to the diffusers 10. Also, the diffusers are made equal in width to the width of the cut slit, and direct the earth from the edges of the slit to the center, covering the soil with mineral fertilizers in layers.

The use of the proposed device for intra-soil application of mineral fertilizers will improve the uniformity of the distribution of fertilizers along the depth of the cut gap.

Information sources

1. Aniferov, F.E. Gardening Machines [Text] / F.E. Aniferov, L.I. Eroshenko, I.Z. Teplinsky. - L .: Agropromizdat, 1990 .-- 304 p.

2. Pat. Number: 2494597 RF. A device for layering mineral fertilizers.

3. Pat. Number: 242514403 RF. Fertilizer cultivator.

4. Utility Model Patent No .: 117246. Device for intra-soil application of mineral fertilizers in garden aisles.

Claims (2)

1. A machine for layer-by-layer application of mineral fertilizers in the aisles of a garden, including a fertilizer sowing apparatus, a fertilizer conduit and a working body in the form of disk gaps for cutting slots in the rows of a tinned garden, characterized in that it is equipped with a chisel-shaped feeding knife with three tiered nozzles with the possibility of installing it for cherezherez. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that at the end of each nozzle diffusers are rigidly mounted, made of a width equal to the width of the cut slit.

Images