RU2244341C2 - Device for registration of dump-truck runs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: control and registration of vehicle runs.

SUBSTANCE: device has, on each controlled object, pressure sensors, body position sensors, fuel flow sensors, passed distance sensors, AND element, encoding block, transfer station, high frequency generator, phase manipulator, power amplifier and relay antenna, and at control station transmitter, decoder, registration block, no-access element, pulse duration former, receiving antenna, high frequency amplifier, search block, heterodyne, mixer, intermediate frequency amplifier, amplitude detectors, multipliers, narrowband filter, lower frequencies filter, keys, frequency meter, fuel flow counters, passed distance counters, additional registration block, frequency detector, differentiating block, one-pole valve, AND element, band filter, collector and threshold block are provided.

EFFECT: higher interference resistance of transmitter.

13 dwg

Description

The proposed device relates to the field of technical means of control and registration of flights, can be used for transportation of municipal solid waste and bulk cargo dump trucks.

Known devices for accounting for transported cargo dump trucks, garbage trucks, trailers, etc. (ed. certificate of the USSR No. 215.536, 477.330, 498.636, 696.508, 769.581, 830.447, 1.123.041; RF patent No. 2.184.992; Khramtsov Yu.V. et al. Modern methods for obtaining and processing experimental data during vehicle tests. Research Institute of the Automotive Industry - M., 1975, etc.).

Of the known devices, the closest to the proposed one is the “Device for accounting flights of dump trucks” (patent No. 2.184.992, G 07 C 5/08, 2000), which is selected as a prototype.

The specified device provides accounting for flights of dump trucks, allows you to control and record fuel consumption and the distance traveled by dump trucks.

However, in the panoramic receiver, which is part of the control point, the same value of the intermediate frequency f _p can be obtained by receiving signals at two frequencies f ₁ and f ₃ , i.e.

f _ol = f _r -f ₁ and f _ol = f ₃ -f _r .

Therefore, if the tuning frequency f _{1 is} taken as the main reception channel, then along with it there will be a mirror receiving channel, the frequency f _{3 of} which differs from the frequency f ₁ by 2f _pr and are located symmetrically (mirror) with respect to the local oscillator frequency f _r (Fig. 4). Conversion on the mirror channel of the reception occurs with the same conversion coefficient K _ol as on the main channel. Therefore, it most significantly affects the selectivity and noise immunity of the panoramic receiver.

In addition to the mirror, there are other additional (combinational) reception channels. In general terms, any combination receive channel takes place when the following conditions are met:

f _ol = | ± mf _ki ± nf _r |,

where f _ki is the frequency of the i-th Raman reception channel;

m, n, i are positive integers.

The most harmful Raman reception channels are those generated by the interaction of the carrier frequency of the received signal with the harmonics of the small order local oscillator frequency (second, third, etc.), since the sensitivity of the panoramic receiver through these channels is close to the sensitivity of the main channel. So, two combinational channels with m = 1 and n = 2 correspond to frequencies:

f _k1 = 2f _r -f _ol and f _k2 = 2f _r + f _ol

The presence of false signals (interference) received through the mirror and Raman channels, leads to a decrease in noise immunity and selectivity of the panoramic receiver.

An object of the invention is to increase the noise immunity and selectivity of a panoramic receiver by suppressing false signals (interference) received via mirror and Raman channels.

The problem is solved in that a device for accounting for dump truck trips containing, on each monitored dump truck, a pressure sensor connected in series, element I, the second input of which is connected to the output of the body position sensor, a coding unit, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the fuel consumption sensor and the sensor of the distance traveled, respectively, a phase manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the high-frequency generator, a power amplifier and a transmitting antenna, and at the control point I have a serially connected receiving antenna, a high-frequency amplifier, a mixer, the second input of which is connected through the local oscillator to the output of the search unit, and an intermediate-frequency amplifier, serially connected the first multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the low-pass filter, a narrow-band filter, a second multiplier and a filter low frequencies, the output of which is connected to the decoder, the outputs of which are connected by the number of monitored dump trucks, executive units, each of which consists of a series of which are connected to the inhibitor of the prohibition element, the registration unit, and the pulse shaper, the output of which is connected to the inhibitory input of the prohibition element, the first key is connected in series to the second output of the local oscillator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first amplitude detector, the frequency meter and the additional registration unit, the second, the third and fourth inputs of which are connected directly and through the fuel consumption meter and the distance traveled counter with the corresponding outputs of the decoder, at The transmitting antennas of the controlled dump trucks are connected through the radio communication channels to the receiving antenna of the monitoring station, equipped with a second and third amplitude detectors, a frequency detector, a differentiating unit, a unipolar valve, an And element, a second and third keys, a drive, a threshold unit, a third multiplier, and a band-pass filter, and a frequency detector, a differentiating unit, a unipolar valve, an element I, and a second are connected to the output of the intermediate-frequency amplifier the input of which through the second amplitude detector is connected to the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier, the second key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier, and the third key, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the first amplitude detector, the first and second multipliers, to the output of the high frequency amplifier, a third multiplier is connected in series, the second input of which is connected to the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier, a bandpass filter, a third amplitude detector, a drive, and a threshold block, od which is connected to the second input of the third switch.

The structural diagram of the proposed device is presented in figure 1. Timing diagrams explaining the operation of the device are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. A frequency diagram explaining the process of forming additional receiving channels is shown in FIG. 4.

The device contains at each controlled object a pressure sensor 1 connected in series, element 3, the second input of which is connected to the output of the body position sensor 2, an encoding unit 4, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the fuel consumption sensor 11 and the distance sensor 12, respectively, a phase manipulator 14, the second input of which is connected to the output of the high-frequency generator 13, the power amplifier 15 and the transmitting antenna 16. The phase manipulator 14, the high-frequency generator 13 and the power amplifier 15 form transmitter 5.

The device comprises a receiving antenna 17, a high-frequency amplifier 18, a mixer 21, the second input of which through the local oscillator 20 is connected to the output of the search unit 19, an intermediate-frequency amplifier 22, a frequency detector 34, a differentiating block 35, a unipolar valve 36, an element at the control point And 37, the second input of which through the second amplitude detector 33 is connected to the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier 22, the second key 38, the second input of which is connected to the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier 22, the third key 44, the first a multiplier 24, the second input of which is connected to the output of the low-pass filter 27, a narrow-band filter 26, a second multiplier 25, the second input of which is connected to the output of the key 44, and a low-pass filter 27, the output of which is connected to the decoder 7, the outputs of which are connected by the number executive dump trucks controlled by dump trucks, each of which consists of a ban element 9 connected in series to a decoder 7, a recording unit 8 and a pulse width former 10, the output of which is connected to the inhibit input a ban 9. The second key 28 is sequentially connected to the second output of the local oscillator 20, the second input of which is connected through the first amplitude detector 23 to the output of the third key 44, the frequency meter 29 and an additional recording unit 32, the second, third and fourth inputs of which are connected directly and through the counter 30 fuel consumption and counter 31 of the distance traveled with the corresponding outputs of the decoder 7. To the output of the high-frequency amplifier 18, a third multiplier 39 is connected in series, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier 22 intermediate frequency, a bandpass filter 40, a third amplitude detector 41, a drive 42 and a threshold unit 43, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third key 44.

The device operates as follows.

When lifting a body with a load, the pressure in the oil line of the body lifting increases, the pressure sensor 1 gives a signal to the element And 3. The latter gives a signal only when it also receives a signal from the sensor 2 body position, which gives a signal only when raised to the upper position bodywork. If there are two signals from the pressure sensor 1 and the body position sensor 2, the And 3 element selects a signal that is fed to the first input of the coding unit 4.

When the truck is moving, signals from the fuel consumption sensor 11 and the sensor 12 of the distance traveled in the form of a series of pulses also arrive at the second and third inputs of the coding unit 4. The coding unit 4 generates a modulating code M ₁ (t), in which information about the license plate number of the dump truck, the number of body lifts with cargo, fuel consumption and the distance traveled is “sewn”. The modulating code M ₁ (t) contains N chips of duration τ _e . In this case, the first n elementary parcels carry digital information about the license plate number of the truck, m elementary parcels are assigned to the number of body lifts with cargo, l elementary parcels report fuel consumption and z elementary parcels reflect the distance traveled by the dump truck (N = n + m + l + z).

The modulating code M ₁ (t) from the output of the coding unit 4 is fed to the first input of the phase manipulator 14, to the second input of which harmonic oscillation is output from the output of the generator 13

u ₁ (t) = U ₁ · Cos (2π f ₁ t + φ ₁ ), 0≤ t≤ T ₁ ,

where U ₁ , f ₁ , φ ₁ , T ₁ - amplitude, carrier frequency, initial phase and duration of the oscillation.

At the output of the phase manipulator 14, a phase-shift (fmn) signal is generated

u ₂ (t) = U ₁ · Cos [2π f ₁ t + φ ₁ (t) + φ ₁ ], 0≤ t≤ T ₁ ,

where φ ₁ (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated phase component that displays the phase manipulation law in accordance with the modulating code M ₁ (t), and φ ₁ (t) = Const at Кτ _{э &λτ;} t &λτ; (K + 1) τ _e and can change abruptly at t = Kτ _e , i.e. at the borders between elementary premises (K + 1, 2, ..., N-1);

τ _e , N - the duration and number of chips that make up a signal of duration T ₁ (T ₁ = N · τ _e );

which, after amplification in the power amplifier 15, is transmitted to the air via a transmitting antenna 16.

It should be noted that each dump truck has its own modulating code M ₁ (t) and carrier frequency f _i (i = 1, 2, ..., S),

where S is the number of controlled dump trucks.

At the control point, the search for PSK signals belonging to various dump trucks is carried out using a panoramic receiver 6. For this, the search unit 19 periodically with a period Tn changes the frequency f _{r of the} local oscillator 20 according to a sawtooth law.

Received QPSK signal u ₂ (t) from the output of the receiving antenna 17 through the high-frequency amplifier 18 is supplied to the first input of the mixer 21, the second input of which is the voltage of the local oscillator 20

u _r (t) = U _r · Cos (2π f _r t + π γ t ² + φ _r ), 0≤ t≤ T _p ,

where U _r , f _r , φ _r , T _p - amplitude, initial frequency, initial phase and the repetition period of the local oscillator voltage;

- скорость изменения частоты гетеродина (скорость просмотра заданного диапазона частоты Df).

- rate of change of the local oscillator frequency (speed of viewing a given frequency range Df).

At the output of the mixer 21, voltages of combined frequencies are generated. The amplifier 22 is allocated the voltage of the intermediate (differential) frequency (figure 2, a)

u _pr (t) = U _p · Cos [2π f _pr t-φ _k1 (t) + π γ t ² + φ _pr ], 0≤ t≤ T ₁ ,

where U _prosp = _^1/2 K ₁ U ₁ · U _r;

K ₁ - gear ratio of the mixer;

f _CR = f _r -f ₁ - intermediate frequency;

φ _CR = φ _r -φ ₁ ,

which is a complex signal with combined phase shift keying and linear frequency modulation (FMN-LUM), the frequency of which varies according to the law of a linearly increasing saw (Fig.2, b).

This voltage is applied to the inputs of the amplitude 33 and frequency 34 detectors. The amplitude detector 33 emits a voltage envelope (figure 2, c), which is fed to the first input of the element And 37. From the output of the frequency detector 34 video signal (figure 2, g), the shape of which corresponds to the law of frequency change of the converted signal (figure 2, b) is fed to the input of the differentiating block 35, the output pulse of which (Fig. 2, e) is supplied through a unipolar valve 36 to the second input of the And 37 element. A unipolar valve 36 passes only positive pulses. Since the voltage from the outputs of the amplitude detector 33 (Fig.2, c) and unipolar valve 36 (Fig.2, d) occupy the same interval on the time axis, the element And 37 is also triggered by its output voltage (Fig.2, c) opens the key 38. The keys 28, 38 and 44 in the initial state are always closed.

The received QPSK signal u ₂ (t) from the output of the high-frequency amplifier 18 is simultaneously supplied to the first input of the multiplier 39, the second input of which is supplied with the voltage u _pr (t) from the output of the intermediate-frequency amplifier 22. At the output of the multiplier 39, an oscillation is formed

u ₃ (t) = U ₃ Cos (2π f _r t + π γ t ² + φ _r ), 0≤ t≤ T ₁ ,

where U ₃ = _^1/2 K _{2 r} · U · U _pr;

K ₂ is the transmission coefficient of the multiplier.

Since the tuning frequency f _{n of the} bandpass filter 40 is chosen equal to the initial frequency f _{r of the} local oscillator 20, the oscillation u ₃ (t) is extracted by the bandpass filter 40, detected by the amplitude detector 41, accumulated by the drive 42 and compared with the threshold level U of the _pores in the threshold block 43. The latter, if the threshold level is exceeded, generates a constant voltage, which is supplied to the control input of the key 44, opening it. The threshold voltage U _then is chosen so that it does not exceed random interference. The voltage u _CR (t) from the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier 22 through the public keys 38 and 44 is supplied to the inputs of the multipliers 24 and 25. The voltage from the output of the narrow-band filter 26 is supplied to the second input of the multiplier 25

u ₄ (t) = U ₄ Cos (2π f _pr t + π γ t ² + φ _pr ), 0≤ t≤ T ₁ .

The output of the multiplier 25 is formed low-frequency voltage

u _n (t) = u _n Cosφ _k1 (t),

where u _H = _^1/2 K ₄ · U ₂ · U _pr;

proportional to the modulating code M ₁ (t).

This voltage is supplied to the second input of the multiplier 24, at the output of which a voltage u ₄ (t) is formed, which is released by the narrow-band filter 26.

At the same time, the voltage u _n (t) from the output of the low-pass filter 27 is supplied to the input of the decoder 7, which, depending on the vehicle code, gives a signal through the entry banning element 9 of the registration unit 8. The check-in block 8, having received and filling out the signal that the flight has been completed, gives a signal to the former 10, which closes the input of the block 8 from the decoder 7 for the minimum flight time, excluding the false credit of the flight in the check-in block 8 when the body is re-lifted in case of material sticking to the walls bodywork. In addition, when lifting an empty body, the pressure sensor 1 does not give a signal.

The voltage u _CR (t) is simultaneously supplied to the input of the amplitude detector 23, which distinguishes its envelope. The latter enters the control input of the key 28, opening it. The voltage of the local oscillator 20 through the public key 28 is fed to the input of the frequency meter 29, where the carrier frequency f _{1 of the} received FMN signal is measured

f ₁ = f _r1 -f _ol ,

where f _r1 is the local oscillator frequency at a given time.

The measured value of the carrier frequency is recorded by the registration unit 32, where the on-board number of the truck, its path and fuel consumption are simultaneously recorded.

The above operation of the device corresponds to the case of receiving useful QPSK signals on the main channel at a frequency f ₁ .

If a false signal (interference) is received on the mirror channel at a frequency f ₃

u ₃ (t) = U ₃ · cos (2π f ₃ t + φ ₃ ), 0≤ t≤ T ₃ ,

then the amplifier 22 of the intermediate frequency is allocated the following voltage (figure 3, a)

u _pr1 (t) = U _pr1 · cos (2π f _pr t-π γ t ² + φ _pr1 ), 0≤ t≤ T ₃ ,

where U _CR1 = 1 / 2k ₁ V _s · V _g ;

f _ol = f _s -f _r , intermediate frequency,

φ _pr1 = φ ₃ -φ _r ,

in which the frequency varies according to a linearly falling law (Fig.3, b). The voltage u _pr1 (t) (Fig. 3, a) from the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier 22 is simultaneously supplied to the inputs of the amplitude 23 and frequency 38 detectors. The amplitude detector 23 selects the envelope of the signal (Fig. 3, c), which is fed to the first input of the And 41 element. The frequency detector 38 generates a sawtooth voltage (Fig. 3i) in proportion to the linearly decreasing law of frequency variation (Fig. 3, b). At the output of the differentiating unit 39, in this case, a negative pulse is generated (Fig. 3, e), which is not passed by the unipolar valve 40. The key 43 does not open and the false signal (interference) received through the mirror channel at a frequency f ₃ is suppressed.

The suppression of false signals (interference) received via Raman channels is based on the fact that the overall gain of the superheterodyne path when receiving signals via Raman channels is always lower than the gain when receiving signals via the main and mirror channels due to additional losses in the mixer during Raman conversion.

If a false signal (interference) is received on the first combinational channel at a frequency f _k1

u _k1 (t) = u _k1 · Cos (2π f _k1 t + φ _к1 ), 0≤ t≤ T _к1 ,

then the intermediate voltage amplifier 22 emits the following voltage

u _p2 (t) = U _p2 · Cos (2π f _pr t + π γ t ² + φ _pr2 ), 0≤ t≤ T _k1 ,

_np2 where U = _^1/2 K ₁ · U _k1 · U _r;

f _CR = 2f _r -f _k1 - intermediate frequency;

φ _pr2 = φ _r -φ _k1 ,

which in the multiplier 39 is multiplied with the received false signal (interference) u _k1 (t). At the output of the multiplier 39, an oscillation is formed

u ₅ (t) = U ₅ Cos (4π f _r t + 2π γ t ² + φ _r ), 0≤ t≤ T _k1 ,

wherein U ₅ = _^1/2 · K ₂ · U U _{k1 np2;}

which does not fall into the passband of the band-pass filter 40. The key 44 does not open and a false signal (interference) received on the first combination channel at a frequency f _r1 is suppressed.

For a similar reason, a false signal (interference) received on the second combination channel at a frequency f _{k2 is also} suppressed.

To transmit the operational performance of vehicles to the control point, complex PSK signals are used, which have high energy and structural secrecy.

The device allows you to free people engaged in accounting and registration of operational indicators of vehicles, and provides for the possibility of a single dispatch at the facilities.

Thus, the proposed device in comparison with the prototype provides increased noise immunity and selectivity of the panoramic receiver. This is achieved by suppressing false signals (interference) received through the mirror and Raman channels.

Claims (1)

A device for recording the dump truck flights, containing on each controlled dump truck a pressure sensor connected in series, element I, the second input of which is connected to the output of the body position sensor, a coding unit, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the fuel consumption sensor and the sensor of the distance traveled, respectively, phase a manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the high-frequency generator, a power amplifier and a transmitting antenna, and at the control point, the receiver is connected in series an antenna, a high-frequency amplifier, a mixer, the second input of which is connected through the local oscillator to the output of the search unit, and an intermediate-frequency amplifier, the first multiplier connected in series, the second input of which is connected to the low-pass filter output, a narrow-band filter, the second multiplier, and a low-pass filter, the output of which is connected to the decoder, the outputs of which are connected by the number of monitored dump trucks, the executive units, each of which consists of elec- tric consecutively connected to the decoder ban, registration unit and pulse shaper, the output of which is connected to the inhibit input of the inhibit element, the first key is connected in series to the second output of the local oscillator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first amplitude detector, a frequency meter and an additional registration unit, second, third and fourth inputs which are connected directly and through the fuel consumption meter and the distance traveled counter with the corresponding outputs of the decoder, while the transmitting antennas are controlled by dump trucks through radio channels are connected to the receiving antenna of the control point, characterized in that it is equipped with a second and third amplitude detectors, a frequency detector, a differentiating unit, a unipolar valve, an And element, a second and third keys, a drive, a threshold block, and a third multiplier and a band-pass filter, and a frequency detector, a differentiating unit, a unipolar valve, an element And, the second input of which is sequentially connected to the output of the intermediate-frequency amplifier through the second amplitude detector is connected to the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier, the second key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier, and the third key, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the first amplitude detector, the first and second multipliers, the third is connected in series to the output of the high-frequency amplifier a multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier, a bandpass filter, a third amplitude detector, a drive and a threshold block, the output of which is of the connections to the second input of the third key.

Images