RU2234735C1 - Device for registering runs of dump-trucks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engineering of technical means for controlling and registering vehicles runs.

SUBSTANCE: device has, in each controlled object, pressure sensor, body position sensor, AND element, encoding block, transmitter, fuel consumption sensor, passed distance sensor, high frequency generator, phase manipulator, power amplifier and transmitting antenna, while at control station there are panoramic receiver, decoder, registering block, restricting element, impulse length forming means, receiving antenna, high frequency amplifier, search block, first heterodyne, first mixer, first intermediate frequency amplifier, amplitude detector, first and second multipliers, narrowband channel, low frequency filter, first key, frequency meter, fuel consumption counter, additional registering block, second mixer, second intermediate frequency amplifier, correlator, threshold block and second key.

EFFECT: higher interference resistance, higher selectivity of panoramic receiver by means of suppressing false signals.

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Description

The proposed device relates to the field of technical means of control and registration of flights, can be used for transportation of municipal solid waste and bulk cargo dump trucks.

Known devices for accounting for transported cargo dump trucks, garbage trucks, trailers, etc. (ed. certificate of the USSR No. 215536, 477330, 498636, 696508, 769581, 830447, 1123041; RF patent No. 2184992. Khramtsov Yu.V., Figurnov N.V., Shur O.Z. Modern methods for obtaining and processing experimental data when testing automobiles. NIINavtoprom. - M .: 1975 and others).

Of the known devices, the closest to the proposed one is the “Device for accounting flights of dump trucks” (RF patent No. 2184992, G 07 C 5/08, 2000), which is selected as a prototype.

The specified device provides accounting for flights of dump trucks, allows you to control and record fuel consumption and the distance traveled by dump trucks.

However, in the panoramic receiver, which is part of the control point, the same value of the intermediate frequency f _p can be obtained by receiving signals at two frequencies f ₁ and f ₃ , i.e.

f _pp = f _g1 –f ₁ and f _pp = f _z1 –f _g1 .

Therefore, if the tuning frequency f _{1 is} taken as the main receiving channel, then along with it there will be a mirror receiving channel, the frequency fz1 of which differs from the frequency f ₁ by 2f _np and is located symmetrically (mirror) with respect to the local oscillator frequency f _g1 . Conversion on the mirror channel of the reception occurs with the same conversion coefficient K _ol as on the main channel. Therefore, it most significantly affects the selectivity and noise immunity of the panoramic receiver.

In addition to the mirror, there are other additional (combinational) reception channels. In general terms, any Raman receive channel occurs when the condition

f _np = | ± mf _ki ± nf _g1 |,

where f _ki is the frequency of the i-th Raman reception channel;

m, n, i are positive integers.

The most harmful Raman reception channels are those generated by the interaction of the carrier frequency of the received signal with the harmonics of the small order local oscillator frequency (second, third, etc.), since the sensitivity of the panoramic receiver through these channels is close to the sensitivity of the main channel. So, two combinational channels with m = 1 and n = 1 correspond to frequencies

f _k1 = 2f _g1 -f _pp and f _k2 = 2f _g1 + f _pp .

The presence of false signals (interference) received through the mirror and Raman channels, leads to a decrease in noise immunity and selectivity of the panoramic receiver.

An object of the invention is to increase the noise immunity and selectivity of a panoramic receiver by suppressing false signals (interference) received via mirror and Raman channels.

The problem is solved in that a device for accounting for dump truck trips, comprising, at each controlled dump truck, a pressure sensor connected in series, a first element And, the second input of which is connected to the output of the body position sensor, a coding unit, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the fuel consumption sensor and a sensor of the distance traveled, respectively, a phase manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the high-frequency generator, a power amplifier and a transmitting antenna, and at control serially connected receiving antenna, high-frequency amplifier, first mixer, the second input of which is connected through the first local oscillator to the output of the search unit, and the first intermediate frequency amplifier, serially connected by the first multiplier, whose second input is connected to the output of the low-pass filter, narrow-band filter, second a multiplier and a low-pass filter, the output of which is connected to a decoder, the output blocks of which are connected to the output units by the number of monitored dump trucks, each of which consists of a prohibition element, a registration unit and a pulse shaper connected in series to the decoder, the output of which is connected to the prohibition input of the prohibition element, the first key is connected to the second output of the first local oscillator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplitude detector, a frequency meter and an additional registration unit , the second, third and fourth entrances of which are connected directly and through the fuel consumption meter and the distance meter with the corresponding the outputs of the decoder, while the transmitting antennas of the controlled dump trucks are connected via radio channels to the receiving antenna of the control point, equipped with a second local oscillator, a second mixer, a second intermediate frequency amplifier, a correlator, a threshold unit and a second key, and a second mixer, a second one, are connected in series to the output of the high-frequency amplifier the input of which through the second local oscillator is connected to the output of the search unit, the second intermediate frequency amplifier, a correlator, the second input of which is connected to Odom first intermediate frequency amplifier, and a second threshold unit key, a second input coupled to an output of the first intermediate frequency amplifier, and an output connected to the inputs of an amplitude detector, the first and second multipliers, frequency oscillators spaced apart by twice the value of the intermediate frequency

f _g2 -f _g1 = 2f _pp ,

selected symmetrical with respect to the carrier frequency of the main channel

f ₁ -f _g1 = f _g2 -f ₁ = f _pp

and rebuild synchronously.

The structural diagram of the proposed device is presented in figure 1. A frequency diagram explaining the process of forming additional receiving channels is shown in FIG.

The device contains at each controlled object a pressure sensor 1 connected in series, element 3, the second input of which is connected to the output of the body position sensor 2, an encoding unit 4, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the fuel consumption sensor 11 and the sensor 12 of the distance traveled, respectively, a phase manipulator 14, the second input of which is connected to the output of the high-frequency generator 13, the power amplifier 15 and the transmitting antenna 16. The high-frequency generator 13, the phase manipulator 14 and the power amplifier 15 form transmitter 5.

The device comprises a receiving antenna 17, a high-frequency amplifier 18, a first mixer 21, the second input of which through the first local oscillator 20 is connected to the output of the search unit 19, a first intermediate frequency amplifier 22, a second key 38, a first multiplier 24, and a second input at a control point which is connected to the output of the low-pass filter 27, a narrow-band filter 26, a second multiplier 25, the second input of which is connected to the output of the key 38, and a low-pass filter 27, the output of which is connected to the decoder 7, to the outputs of which executive blocks are connected according to the number of dump trucks monitored, each of which consists of a ban element 9 of registration block 8 and a pulse shaper 10 connected to a decoder 7 and the pulse shaper 10, the output of which is connected to the inhibit input of the ban element 9. The first key is connected in series to the second output of the first local oscillator 20 28, the second input of which is connected through the amplitude detector 23 to the output of the second key 38, a frequency meter 29 and an additional registration unit 32, the second, third and fourth inputs of They are connected directly and through a fuel consumption meter 30, and a path meter 31 with the corresponding outputs of the decoder 7. A second mixer 34 is serially connected to the output of the high-frequency amplifier 18, the second input of which is connected through the second local oscillator 33 to the output of the search unit 19, and the second amplifier 35 intermediate frequency, a correlator 36, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first intermediate frequency amplifier 22, and a threshold unit 37, the output of which is connected to the second input of the key 38.

The device operates as follows.

When lifting a body with a load, the pressure in the oil line of the body lifting increases, the pressure sensor 1 gives a signal to the element And 3. The latter gives a signal only when it also receives a signal from the sensor 2 body position, which gives a signal only when raised to the upper position bodywork. If there are two signals from the pressure sensor 1 and the body position sensor 2, the And 3 element selects a signal that is fed to the first input of the coding unit 4.

When the truck is moving, signals from the fuel consumption sensor 11 and the sensor 12 of the distance traveled in the form of a series of pulses also arrive at the second and third inputs of the coding unit 4. The coding unit 4 generates a modulating code M ₁ (t), in which information about the license plate of the dump truck, the number of body lifts with cargo, fuel consumption and the distance traveled is “sewn”. The modulating code M ₁ (t) contains N elementary parcels of duration τe. In this case, the first n elementary parcels carry digital information about the license plate number of the truck, m elementary parcels are assigned to the number of body lifts with cargo, l elementary parcels report fuel consumption and z elementary parcels reflect the distance traveled by the dump truck (N = n + m + l + z).

The modulating code M ₁ (t) from the output of the coding unit 4 is fed to the first input of the phase manipulator 14, to the second input of which harmonic oscillation is output from the output of the generator 13

U ₁ (t) = V ₁ Cos (2πf ₁ t + φ ₁ ), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

where V ₁ , f ₁ , φ ₁ , T ₁ - amplitude, carrier frequency, initial phase and duration of the oscillation.

At the output of the phase manipulator 14, a phase-shift (PSK) signal is generated

U ₂ (t) = V ₁ · Cos [2πf ₁ t + φ _к1 (t) + φ ₁ ], 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

where φ _к1 (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated component of the phase that displays the law of phase manipulation in accordance with the modulating code M ₁ (t), and φ _к1 (t) = const for Кτэ <t <(К + 1) · Τэ and may change abruptly at t = Кτэ, i.e. at the borders between elementary premises (K = 1,2, ..., N-1),

τe, N is the duration and number of chips that make up the signal of duration T ₁ (T = N Te),

which, after amplification in the power amplifier 15, is transmitted to the air via a transmitting antenna 16.

It should be noted that each dump truck has its own modulating code Mi (t) and carrier frequency

fi · (i = 1,2, ..., S),

where S is the number of controlled dump trucks.

At the control point, the search for FMN signals belonging to various dump trucks is carried out using a panoramic receiver 6. For this, the search unit 19 periodically with a period Tn, according to a sawtooth law, synchronously changes the frequencies f _g1 and f _{g2 of the} local oscillators 20 and 33.

The received FMN signal U ₂ (t) from the output of the receiving antenna 17 through the high-frequency amplifier 18 is supplied to the first inputs of the mixers 21 and 34, the second inputs of which are fed to the local oscillator voltages 20 and 33:

U _g1 (t) = V _g1 · Cos (2πf _g1 t + πγ · t ² + φ _g1 ),

U _r2 (t) = V _r2 · Cos (2πf _r2 t + πγ · t ² + φ _r2) 0≤t≤Tp,

where U _g1 , U _g2 , f _g2 , f _g2 , φ _g1 , φ _g2 , Tn are the amplitudes, initial frequencies, initial phases and the repetition period of the local oscillator voltages,

γ = Df / Tп - rate of change of local oscillator frequencies (speed of viewing a given frequency range Df).

In this case, the frequencies f _g1 and f _{g2 of the} local oscillators 20 and 33 are spaced apart by twice the intermediate frequency

f _r2 -f _r1 = 2f _pr

selected symmetrical with respect to the carrier frequency f _{1 of the} main channel

f ₁ -f _g1 = f _g2 -f ₁ = f _ol

and rebuild synchronously (figure 2).

This circumstance leads to a doubling of the number of additional receiving channels, but creates favorable conditions for their suppression due to the correlation processing of channel voltages.

At the output of the mixers 21 and 34, voltages of combination frequencies are generated. The amplifiers 22 and 35 of the intermediate frequency distinguish the following voltages:

U _pr1 (t) = V _pr1 · Cos [2π · f _pr · t + φ _к1 (t) -π · γ · t ² + φ _pr1 ],

U _pr2 (t) = V _pr2 · Cos [2π · f _pr · t-φ _k1 (t) + π · γ · t ² + φ _pr2 ], 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

where V _pr1 = 1 / 2K ₁ · V ₁ · V _g1 ;

V _ol2 = 1 / 2K ₁ · V ₁ · V _g2 ;

f _CR = f ₁ -f _g1 = f _g2 -f ₁ - intermediate frequency;

φ _pr1 = φ ₁ -φ _g1 ; _np2 φ = φ ₁ -φ _r2;

which are complex signals with combined phase shift keying and linear frequency modulation (FMN-LFM).

These voltages are applied to the two inputs of the correlator 36, at the output of which a correlation function R (τ) is formed, which is compared with the threshold level U _nop in the threshold block 37. The threshold level U _{nop is} exceeded only at the maximum value of the correlation function R (τ).

Since the channel voltages U _CR1 (t) and U _CR2 (t) are formed by the same complex FMN signal U ₂ (t), received on two channels at the same frequency f ₁ , there is a strong between the channel voltages correlation relationship. The correlation function R (τ) of the FMN signals has a pronounced main lobe that exceeds the threshold level U _pores in the threshold block 37. When the threshold level U _pores is exceeded, a constant voltage is generated in the threshold block 37, which is supplied to the control input of the key 38, opening it . In the initial state, keys 28 and 38 are always closed.

In this case, the voltage U _pr1 (t) from the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier 22 through the public key 38 is supplied to the inputs of the multipliers 24 and 25. The voltage from the output of the narrow-band filter 26 is supplied to the second input of the multiplier 25

U ₃ (t) = V ₃ · Cos [2π · f _pr · t-π · γ · t ² + φ _pr1 ], 0≤t≤T ₁ .

At the output of the multiplier 25, a low-frequency voltage U _n (t) = V _n · Cosφ _k1 (t) is formed,

where V _n = 1 / 2K ₂ · V _pr1 · V ₃ ,

K ₂ - transfer coefficient of the multiplier;

proportional to the modulating code M ₁ (t).

This voltage is supplied to the second input of the multiplier 24, at the output of which a voltage U ₃ (t) is formed, which is released by the narrow-band filter 26.

The voltage U _n (t) simultaneously from the output of the low-pass filter 27 is supplied to the input of the decoder 7, which, depending on the vehicle code, gives a signal through the entry prohibition element 9 of the registration unit 8. The check-in block 8, having received and remembering the signal that the flight has been made, gives a signal to the former 10, which closes with the help of the ban element 9 the input of the check-in block 8 from the decoder 7 for the minimum flight time, excluding the false offset of the flight in the check-in block 8 when the body is lifted again in case of sticking of material to the walls of the body. In addition, when lifting an empty body, the pressure sensor 1 does not give a signal.

The voltage U _pr1 (t) is simultaneously supplied to the input of the amplitude detector 23, which selects its envelope. The latter enters the control input of the key 28, opening it. The voltage of the local oscillator 20 through the public key 28 is fed to the input of the frequency meter 29, where the carrier frequency f _{1 of the} received FMN signal is measured

f ₁ = f ' _g1 + f _ol ,

where f ' _g1 is the frequency of the first local oscillator at a given time.

The measured value of the carrier frequency is recorded by an additional registration unit 32, where the onboard number of the dump truck, its distance and fuel consumption are simultaneously recorded.

The above operation of the device corresponds to the case of receiving useful FMN signals through the main channel at a frequency f ₁ .

If a false signal (interference) is received through the first mirror channel at a frequency fz ₁ , then in mixers 21 and 34 it is converted to voltages of the following frequencies:

f _z11 = f ' _g1 + γ ₁ · tf _z1 = f _ol + γ ₁ · t;

_z12 f = f _{'r2 1} + γ · tf _{P1 ave} = 3f ₁ + γ · t;

f $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{(2)}}{\text{s}}$ = 2f ' _g1 + 2γ ₁ -f _s1 ;

f $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{(2)}}{\text{s}}$ = 2f ' _g2 + 2γ ₁ -f _s1 ,

where the exponent denotes the second harmonic of the local oscillator frequencies.

However, only voltage with a frequency of f _s11 falls into the passband Δf _{1 of the} intermediate frequency amplifier 22.

The output voltage of the correlator 36 is zero, the key 38 does not open, and a false signal (interference) received on the first mirror channel at a frequency f _s1 is suppressed.

For a similar reason, false signals (interference) received on the second mirror channel at a frequency f _s2 , along the first combinational channel at a frequency F _K1 and other additional channels are also suppressed.

If false signals (interference) are simultaneously received on the first and second mirror channels at frequencies f _s1 and f _s2 , then the voltages fall into the passband Δf ₁ and Δf _{2 of the} amplifiers 22 and 35 of the intermediate frequency.

But the key 38 in this case does not open. This is due to the fact that different false signals (interference) are received at different frequencies f _s1 and f _s2 , so there is a weak correlation between channel voltages. In addition, it should be noted that the correlation function of interference does not have a pronounced main lobe, as is the case with complex FMN signals. The output voltage of the correlator 36 in this case does not exceed the threshold level U _then in the threshold block 37, the key 38 does not open and false signals (interference) received simultaneously on the first and second mirror channels at frequencies f _s1 and f _s2 are suppressed.

For a similar reason, false signals (interference) received simultaneously on two other additional channels are suppressed.

To transmit the operational performance of vehicles to the control point, complex PSK signals are used that have high energy and structural secrecy.

Thus, the proposed device in comparison with the prototype provides increased noise immunity and selectivity of the panoramic receiver. This is achieved by suppressing false signals (interference) received via additional channels due to correlation processing.

Claims (1)

A device for accounting dump truck trips containing, on each controlled dump truck, a pressure sensor connected in series, element I, the second input of which is connected to the output of the body position sensor, a coding unit, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the fuel consumption sensor and the sensor of the distance traveled, respectively, phase a manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the high-frequency generator, a power amplifier and a transmitting antenna, and at the control point, the receiver is connected in series antenna, high-frequency amplifier, first mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the search unit through the first local oscillator, and the first intermediate-frequency amplifier, the first multiplier connected in series, the second input of which is connected to the output of the low-pass filter, narrow-band filter, second multiplier and filter low frequencies, the output of which is connected to a decoder, the outputs of which are connected by the number of monitored dump trucks, executive units, each of which consists of a series connected to the decoder of the prohibition element, the registration unit and the pulse width former, the output of which is connected to the inhibitory input of the prohibition element, the first key is connected in series to the second output of the first local oscillator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplitude detector, the frequency meter and the additional registration unit, second, third and the fourth inputs of which are connected directly and through the meter fuel consumption and the counter of the distance traveled with the corresponding outputs of the decoder, while transmitting ant of controlled dump trucks through radio channels are connected to the receiving antenna of the control point, characterized in that it is equipped with a second local oscillator, a second mixer, a second intermediate frequency amplifier, a correlator, a threshold block and a second key, and a second mixer, a second one, are connected in series to the output of the high-frequency amplifier the input of which through the second local oscillator is connected to the output of the search unit, the second intermediate-frequency amplifier, a correlator, the second output of which is connected to the output of the first force intermediate frequency, a threshold block and a second switch, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first intermediate frequency amplifier, and the output is connected to the outputs of the amplitude detector, the first and second multipliers, the local oscillator frequencies are separated by twice the intermediate frequency

selected symmetrical with respect to the carrier frequency of the main channel

and rebuild synchronously.

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