RU2183566C2 - Gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering. SUBSTANCE: proposed gearbox has coaxial input, primary and secondary shafts and countershaft parallel to said shafts, two-position twin clutch consisting of two one-way action clutch members engaged with shifter fork, shifter clutch installed on gear rim of input shaft, and shifter clutch installed on gear rim of output shaft. EFFECT: reduced metal usage owing to improved layout and reduced overall dimension of case. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to transport engineering, to the transmission of transport vehicles.

 These units are structurally complex and metal-intensive.

 Closest to the proposed gearbox (KP) is a three-shaft coaxial KP 4R4 (four forward gears and four reverse gears) according to patent RU 2008 230 V 60 K 17/08 (02.28.94 Bull. N4).

 The gearbox consists of a housing with shafts located in it, with the input (primary) and output (secondary) shafts installed coaxially, and the intermediate shaft is parallel to the coaxial shafts. The gears on the shafts are mounted freely and interlocked in pairs. A block of two reverse gears is located on the axis, one gear of the block is engaged with the gear of the intermediate shaft, and the other with the gear of the secondary shaft. One gearshift clutch is located on the input shaft, the second is on the hub of the secondary shaft, the third dual clutch consists of two one-sided oppositely directed half-couplings located on the gears and interconnected by one gearshift fork.

 The gearbox is less metal-intensive than the gearbox of the traditional layout: for 4 forward gears, only 6 gears are used instead of 8, but a further decrease in the metal consumption is constrained by the location of the shifting clutches between the gear rows.

 The objective of the invention is to further reduce the metal consumption KP.

 The technical result is achieved by the fact that the clutch switching input and output torque are outside the gearbox part of the gearbox.

 Figure 1a shows a kinematic diagram of a reversible three-shaft coaxial gearbox 4R4, and Figure 1b shows a fragment of a gearbox circuit with another design of the intermediate shaft.

 In FIG. 2 shows the radiation diagram of the gearbox 4R4 with tables of the position of the clutch in different gears. On the horizontal scales of the diagram in a logarithmic form, the gear ratios of pairs of gears and gears are shown. Forward gears are indicated above the upper scale: 4-1, reverse gears are indicated below the lower scale: 4R-1R. The upper and lower horizontal correspond to gear ratios on the output (secondary) shaft, the middle horizontal - on the intermediate shaft. The tilt of the beam to the right indicates the decelerating mode of the pair of gears, the greater the tilt, the greater the gear ratio. The tilt of the beam to the left characterizes the accelerating mode of operation of a pair of gears. On any part of the radiation diagram, the beam tilt is constant for each pair of gears.

 In the bearings of the housing KP 1 (see figa), the input shaft 2, the primary shaft of the gearbox 3, the secondary shaft of the gearbox 4 and the output shaft of the gearbox 5 are coaxially mounted. Parallel to the coaxial shafts there is an intermediate shaft (axis) 6. A gear 7 is fixed to the shaft 3 and gear 8 is freely mounted, which is engaged with gear 9 freely mounted on the intermediate shaft 6. Gear 9 is combined into a block with gear 10, which is engaged with gear 7 of input shaft 3. Gears 11 and 12 are combined into a block and freely mounted on axis 6 The gear 11 is engaged with the gear 13, which is closed it is insulated on the secondary shaft 4, and the gear 12 is engaged with the gear 15, which is freely mounted on the shaft 4. The tubular shaft 16 connects the gear 8 with the ring gear 17, next to it the other ring gear 18 is fixed to the shaft 3. Three-position switching clutch A (19 ) is mounted on the gear ring of the input shaft 2. The two-way double coupling B consists of two half-couplings: the coupling half 20 is mounted on the gear ring 13 of the secondary shaft 4, and the coupling half 21 is mounted on the gear ring 10 of the intermediate shaft 6, the coupling halves are interconnected by a shift fork 22. Tubular shaft 23Connects the pinion 15 with the ring gear 24, it is located near the ring gear 25 which is fixed to the output shaft 4. With the clutch (26) mounted on the output shaft of the crown 5.

 A different arrangement of the coupling halves is allowed: the coupling half 20 on the gear ring 7, and the coupling half 21 on the gear ring 11. Another design of the intermediate shaft and its gears is possible (see fig. 1b): instead of the axis 6 fixed in the housing 1 and the gear block 11 , 12, freely mounted on this axis, gears 11 and 12 are fixed on the intermediate shaft 6, which is installed in the rolling bearings of the housing 1. Gears 9 and 10 remain, as before, in the block. Instead of a separate reverse gear 14, it is possible to install a block of two gears.

The work of the CP is as follows:
First gear
All couplings in the right position (see figure 2, the table in the upper right above t. 1): the coupling half 20 is turned off, and the coupling half 21 is turned on. The torque is transmitted from the input shaft 2 (see figa) by the clutch A to the ring gear 17, along the tubular shaft 16, a pair of gears 8-9, a coupling half 21, a pair of gears 11-13, a secondary shaft 4, a gear ring 25 and a coupling C to the output shaft 5.

 On the radiation diagram (see figure 2) this transmission is represented by two beams: from t.4 on the upper horizontal left a gentle beam 8-9 to the middle horizontal, then a gentle beam 11-13 up to the right to t.1.

Second gear
Switch clutch A to the left position. From the input shaft 2, the torque is transmitted by the clutch A, the ring gear 18, the primary shaft 3, a pair of gears 7-10, the coupling half 21 and further, as in the previous gear.

 On the beam diagram, this transmission corresponds to two beams: beam 7-10 from point 4 to the right, steeply down, then a gentle beam 11-13 to the right, right up to point 2.

Third gear
We change the position of couplings A and B. Up to a pair of gears 8-9, the torque is transmitted, as in first gear, then along a pair of gears 10-7, but already in the opposite direction compared to second gear, then through coupling half 20 to the secondary shaft 4 and crown 25, by coupling C to the output shaft 5.

 On the beam diagram, this transmission corresponds to two beams: a gentle beam 8–9 to the right down, then the beam 10–7 in the accelerating mode, to the left, upwards, to step 3.

Fourth gear - direct
Switch clutch A to the left position. The torque is transmitted through coaxial shafts with high efficiency: from shaft 2 through coupling A to crown 18, along shaft 3 of coupling half 20 to shaft 4, from crown 25 through coupling C to output shaft 5.

 On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by t. 4.

 The reverse gears are engaged when the clutch C is switched from the right to the left: the pair of gears 11-13 is turned off, and the reverse gears 12-14-15 are turned on by the tubular shaft 23 and crown 24. Clutches A and B duplicate the positions of the forward gears (see figure 2, the upper and lower tables).

First Reverse - 1R
Clutches A and B in the right position. The torque from the input shaft 2 is transmitted by the coupling A to the crown 17, the tubular shaft 16, a pair of gears 8-9, the coupling half 21, a number of reverse gears 12-14-15, the tubular shaft 23, the crown 24 and the coupling C to the output shaft 5.

 On the ray diagram, this transmission corresponds to two beams: a gentle beam 8-9 to the right down from t.4 to the middle horizontal, then a gentle beam 12-14-15 also to the right down to t.1R on the lower horizontal.

Second Reverse - 2R
Switch clutch A to the left position. Until the countershaft, the torque is transmitted, as in the second forward gear, then, as in the previous gear.

 Two rays belong to this transmission on the ray diagram: beam 7-8 from vol. 4 is steeply to the right down, then a gentle beam 12-14-15 to vol. 2R.

Third Reverse - 3R
We change the position of couplings A and B. Up to a pair of gears 8-9, the torque is transmitted, as in first gear, then through a pair of gears 10-7, the coupling half 20, a pair of gears 13-11, then, as in previous reverse gears.

 In the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by four beams: a gentle beam 8–9, a beam 10–7 to the left up to t. 3 in the accelerating mode, beam 13–11 to the left down also in the accelerating mode, and the beam 12–14–15 to the right down to t .3R.

Fourth Reverse - 4R
Switch clutch A to the left position. From the input shaft 2, the torque is transmitted by the clutch A, crown 18, the input shaft 3, the coupling half 20, a pair of gears 13-11, a number of reverse gears 12-14-15 and further, as in other reverse gears.

 On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two beams: from t.4 a gentle beam 13-11 to the left downward in the accelerating mode, then a gentle beam 12-14-15 to the right downward to t.4R.

 A positive effect is expressed in a reduction in the metal consumption of the gearbox due to an increase in the density of the arrangement of the gear section when the shift clutches are taken out at the input and output of the torque outside the gear section.

Claims (1)

 A gearbox comprising a housing with primary, secondary and intermediate shafts disposed therein, the primary and secondary shafts being installed coaxially, and the intermediate shaft is parallel to these shafts, between the intermediate and coaxial shafts are three pairs of interlocked gears and a series of reverse gears, on the intermediate the gear shaft is installed freely, in the middle part of the unit there is a two-position dual clutch, consisting of two single-acting coupling halves interconnected by a shift fork, o on the coupling half mounted on the gear wheel of the intermediate shaft, and the other coupling mounted opposite the first coupling on the gear ring of one of the coaxial shafts, characterized in that the gear connected to the tubular shaft is freely mounted on the secondary shaft, one switching clutch is mounted on the gear ring of the input shaft, and the other coupling is on the gear ring of the output shaft.

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