RU2047506C1 - Gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; transmissions of automobiles, tractors, road-building machines. SUBSTANCE: freely fitted on two shafts before planetary mechanism are three pairs of gears, two gears being combined in blocks engaging through one pair of gears, other gear of block being engaged with separate gear. On shaft of sun gear drive two three-position clutches are installed additionally. One clutch is placed between block and separate gear, and the other is installed on tubular shaft between housing and clutch which locks links of planetary mechanism. EFFECT: enhanced performance characteristics of vehicle owing to widening of gear range, reduced fuel consumption owing to possibility of choosing optimum gear ratio of transmission providing economical operation of engine without adverse effect on environment. 2 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to transport engineering, to the transmission of transport vehicles.

 Known transmission units with step change of gear ratios, containing gears, shafts, their bearings, gear shifting devices used on domestic and foreign cars (Automobiles: Design, construction and calculation. Transmission. Edited by A.I. Grishkevich. Mn. Higher School, 1985, p. 240). These transmission units are structurally complex, metal-intensive.

 Closest to the proposed gearbox (KP) is a ten-speed KP, which consists of a housing with shafts located in it, and the input (primary) and output (secondary) shafts are misaligned, a single-row three-link simple planetary gear, four external gears and four control couplings . Such a CP has limited kinematic capabilities.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the operational characteristics of the vehicle by increasing the number of gears and gearbox range.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that three pairs of gears are freely mounted to the planetary mechanism, and on each shaft there is one separate gear and a block of two gears, the blocks are interlocked, each block is also engaged with a separate gear, two three-position couplings are additionally installed on the sun gear drive shaft , one between the block and a separate gear, the other on a tubular shaft between the housing and the coupling stop of the links of the planetary gear mechanism.

 In FIG. 1 shows a gearbox diagram having 22 gears for moving forward and 6 reverse gears; figure 2 beam diaphragm of this gearbox. The vertical beam corresponds to a gear ratio of 1.0; a beam directed to the right corresponds to a deceleration gear; the better the beam, the higher the gear ratio; accelerating beam directed to the left.

 Table 1 shows the positions of the control couplings and the parts connected by them, in table. 2 gears for forward and reverse gears and clutch positions in these gears.

 In the bearings of the gearbox housing 1 there is a primary shaft 2, on which gears 3, 4, 5 are freely mounted, and gears 4, 5 are combined in block 6. Gears 4, 5 are engaged with gears 7, 8, 9, respectively, and gears 7 and 8 are combined in a block 10 mounted on the shaft 11 of the drive of the sun gear 12. On this shaft there is also a tubular shaft 13 with a gear 9 freely mounted on it, as well as a tubular shaft 14 of the drive carrier 15. On the carrier there are satellites 16 engaged with the epicyclic wheel 17 and the sun gear 12. Coaxial to the shaft 11 rasp the secondary shaft 18. the coupling 19 is located between the gears 3 and 4 on the hub of the input shaft 2. The coupling 20 is installed on the hub of the shaft 11 between the housing and gear 7 of the block 10. The coupling 21 is located on the hub of the shaft 13 between the gears 8 and 9. The coupling 22 is also located on the hub of the shaft 13, but between the housing and the coupling 23, which is placed on the housing from the planetary mechanism. The clutch 24 is mounted on the hub of the secondary shaft 18.

 The gearbox is as follows.

1 gear U _12.15 ¹⁷ .

 The torque from the input shaft 2 through the coupling 19 in the first position (see Fig. 1, 2, table 1, 2) is transmitted to the gears 4, 5, 6, shaft 10, gears 4, 5, 6, 7, shaft 6, gears 5, 6, 7, 8, through the clutch 21 in the third position enters the planetary mechanism. The clutch 22 in the first position, the moment from the shaft 13 is transmitted to the shaft 11 and the sun gear 12, then through the satellites 16 the carrier 15 and from the clutch 24 in the second position to the secondary shaft 18. The epicyclic wheel 17 is stopped by the clutch 23 in the second position.

On the radiation diagram (see figure 2) this transmission is represented by rays: 3-7, 8-4, 5-9, U _12.15 ¹⁷ , directed from point 0 down to point 1.

 2nd gear.

 We change the position of the coupling 19 (see figure 2) switch from the first position to the third. Until the planetary moment, the moment is transmitted only by one pair of gears 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, the rest as in 1st gear.

3 gear U _17.15 ¹² .

 We change the state of the planetary mechanism.

 Compared to the first gears, we replace the stopped link and the moment input. The moment enters the epicyclic wheel 17 through the coupling 20 in the third position (see table 1), we stop the sun gear with the coupling 20 in the first position, the rest corresponds to 1st gear.

 4th gear.

 We switch the clutch 19 to the third position, the rest is as in the previous gear.

5th gear -U _pm 1.0.

 We change the state of the planetary mechanism. The moment is transmitted directly, it enters the carrier via clutch 22 in the second position, the rest as in 1st gear.

 6th gear.

 We return the planetary gear to the state of first gear.

 Before the planetary mechanism, the moment enters through the coupling 19 in the first position, the gears 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, the coupling 20 in the third position to the shaft 11. The coupling 21 in the second (neutral) position. The rest is in 1 gear.

 7th gear.

 To the planetary gear as in 2nd gear. Further, as in 5th gear.

 8th gear.

 Compared with the 2nd gear, we change the position of the couplings 20 and 21. We switch the clutch 20 to the third position, as in the 6th gear, and the clutch 21 to the first. The torque from the input shaft is transmitted through gears 4-8.

9th gear -U _15.12 ¹²
We change the state of the planetary mechanism. Compared to 3 and 4 gears, we replace the input and output of the moment. The moment enters carrier 15 via clutch 22 in the second position, and is removed from the epicyclic wheel 17 by clutch 24 in the first position. The rest is in 1 gear.

10 gear -U _12.17-15
In this transmission, the planetary mechanism works as a summing (differential) mechanism. The moment enters the sun gear 19 and the epicyclic wheel 17, and is removed in the carrier 15. Clutch 19 in the first position. Clutch 20 in the third, the state of the other couplings corresponds to 4th gear.

 11th gear.

 The planetary mechanism is returned to state 3 gears; the clutch 21 is switched to the first position (see figure 2).

 12th gear.

 Compared with 9th gear, we switch clutch 19 to the third position.

 13th gear.

 Summing up like 10 gear, we switch the clutch 19 to the third position.

 14th gear.

 Compared to gear 11, we switch clutch 19 to the third position.

15 gear -U _15.12 ¹⁷ .

 We change the state of the planetary mechanism. Compared to 1st gear, we replace the input and output of the moment. The moment enters through the clutch 22 in the second position on the carrier 15, and is removed by the clutch 24 in the third position from the sun gear 12, the rest is in 1 gear.

 16 gear.

 To maintain the position of the clutch 24, the moment is transmitted through the planetary gear via the sun gear 12, which is supplied from the input shaft by the clutch 19 in the first position, gears 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 and the clutch 20 in the third position. Clutches 21 and 23 in neutral position, clutch 22 in the first.

 17 transmission.

 Compared to gear 15, we switch clutch 19 to the third position.

 18 gear.

 Compared to the 7th gear, we switch the clutch 21 to the first position.

 19 gear.

 Compared to 9th gear, we switch clutch 21 to 1 position.

 20 gear.

 Switch clutch 19 to the third position.

 21 gears.

 Compared to gear 15, we switch clutch 21 to the first position.

 22 gear.

 Switch clutch 19 to the third position.

 Reverse.

1st gear -U _12.15-17 .

 The planetary mechanism operates in a summing mode. the moment enters the sun gear 12 and the carrier 15, and is removed from the epicyclic wheel 17. Compared to the 10th gear, we change the position of the clutch 22, switch it to the second position, and also switch the clutch 24 to the first position.

 2nd gear.

 Switch clutch 19 to the third position.

3rd gear -U _12.17 ¹⁵ .

 We change the state of the planetary mechanism. Compared with 1st gear for forward movement, we interchange the stopped link and the moment output. We stop the carrier 15 by the coupling 23 in the first position, the moment is removed from the epicyclic wheel 17 by the coupling 24 also in the first position.

 The rest corresponds to 1 gear for moving forward.

 4th gear.

 Switch clutch 19 to the third position.

 5th gear.

 The condition of the first couplings corresponds to the 6th gear for moving forward, the rest of the couplings are in the previous state (see table 1).

 6th gear.

 Switch clutch 19 to the third position.

 In the radiation diagram (see FIG. 2), reverse gears are represented by beams directed from point 0 to points 1-6 on the same line.

 Changing the internal parameter of the planetary mechanism and gear ratios of gears will change the nature of gears. In particular, a reduction in the gear ratio of gears 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 will lead to the movement of 1 and 2 reverse gears to forward gears, i.e. will receive 24 forward gears and 4 reverse gears.

Claims (1)

 GEARBOX, comprising a housing with shafts placed therein, external gears, a single-row planetary gear, control clutches, the primary and secondary shafts being misaligned, while all the gears on the shafts are mounted freely, a three-position clutch is located on the primary shaft, there is one on the axis of the secondary shaft the clutch is located between the housing and the gear block, the other on the housing for connecting the links of the planetary gear and the third at the output of the gearbox, characterized in that on two shafts to the planetary gear but three pairs of gears are installed, two of which are combined into blocks that are connected by one pair of gears, the other gear of the block is connected to a separate gear, two three-position couplings are additionally installed on the sun gear drive shaft, one between the block and a separate gear, the other on the shaft between the housing and a clutch stop links of the planetary mechanism.

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