RU2025304C1 - Gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport vehicles. SUBSTANCE: cluster 7 of external gears 5,6 is disposed directly on countershaft 8 of the planetary mechanism sun gear 9. Tubular shaft 10 driving the carrier 11 is shortened. Countershaft 8 carries three simple three-position couplings A, B, C which have a neutral position. One of said couplings is disposed between housing and gear cluster while the other two, between the gear cluster and the planetary mechanism. EFFECT: improved design. 3 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to transport engineering, to the transmission of transport vehicles.

 Known transmission units with step change of gear ratios, containing gears, shafts, bearings, gear shifting devices used on domestic and foreign cars (Automobiles: design, construction and calculation. Transmission. Edited by A. Grishkevich Minsk: Higher school, 1985.240 s.).

 These units are structurally complex, metal-intensive.

 Closest to the proposed gearbox (KP) is a ten-speed KP [1], consisting of a housing with shafts located in it, the input and output shafts are misaligned, a single-row simple three-link planetary mechanism, four gears of external gearing and four control couplings.

 Such a gearbox has a complicated node at the entrance to the planetary mechanism. This assembly consists of three coaxially located shafts, the control clutches on both sides of the gearing block of the external gearing are structurally complex and make gear shifting difficult.

 The aim of the invention is to simplify the design of the KP.

 This is achieved by the fact that the gear block of the external gearing is located directly on the drive shaft of the sun gear, the tubular drive shaft of the carrier is shortened, three simple three-position clutches with a neutral position are installed on the intermediate shaft, with one clutch located between the housing and the gear block, and two couplings - between the gear block and the planetary gear.

 Figure 1 shows a gearbox diagram having ten gears for forward movement and two reverse gears; figure 2 is a beam diagram of the KP: a vertical beam corresponds to a gear ratio of 1.0; a beam directed to the right - decelerating transmission, to the left - accelerating; figure 3 presents tables 1 and 2.

 In the table. 1 shows the operation of gearbox control clutches; Table 2 shows the position of the control couplings in various gears.

 In the bearings of the housing 1, a primary (input) shaft 2 is installed, on which gears 3 and 4 of external gearing are freely located. These gears are engaged with gears 5 and 6, respectively, combined in block 7 and placed on the intermediate shaft 8 of the drive of the sun gear 9 (a). A shortened tubular shaft 10 of the carrier 11 (h) is mounted on the shaft 8, on which the satellites 12 are placed, engaged with the sun gear 9 (a) and the epicyclic wheel 13 (b).

 A secondary (output) shaft is installed coaxially with the intermediate shaft 14. Clutch A is located on the hub of the primary shaft between gears 3 and 4, clutch B is located on the hub of the intermediate shaft 8 between the gearbox housing and gear 5, clutch C is on gear 6, clutch D is on gearbox housing on the gear side 6, clutch E - on the hub of the secondary shaft 14.

 The work of the CP is as follows.

1st gear - U _ah ^b
The torque from the input shaft 2 (see Fig. 1) by the clutch A in the first position (see Tables 1 and 2) is transmitted to the gear 3 and then to the gear 5 and the clutch B in the third position along the shaft 8 to the sun gear 9 (a). The epicyclic wheel 13 (c) is stopped relative to the gearbox housing by the clutch D in the second position. The torque is removed from the carrier 11 (h) with clutch E in the second position and transmitted to the secondary shaft 14. Clutch C in the first (neutral) position.

In the radiation diagram (see Fig. 2), this transmission is reflected by a beam of 3-5 and a beam of U _a ^b directed to point 1. The better the beam, the higher the gear ratio. The index in the upper part indicates the stopped link of the planetary series, the indices in the lower part indicate the entry and exit of the moment from the planetary mechanism (PM). KP implements six different states of the planetary mechanism: two deceleration gears, direct gear, two acceleration gears and one reverse gear. Pairs of external gears 3-5 and 4-6 double the number of gear variants of the planetary gear.

2nd gear - U _bh ^a
The input and output of the moment from the control box remain the same, but the state of the PM has changed. The sun gear is stopped by clutch B in the first position (see tables 1 and 2), the moment enters the epicyclic wheel (c) through clutch C in the third position. Clutch D in the third (neutral) position.

 3rd gear.

 It differs from the first gear only in the moment input, which enters through clutch A in the third position and along a pair of gears 4-6.

 4th gear.

 The entrance to the PM corresponds to the first and second gears; through the PM, the gear is direct either through one of the links or through any two links.

5th gear - U _hb ^a
Compared with the second gear, the input and output of the moment in the PM changed places. The moment enters the carrier (h) via clutch C in the second position, and is removed from the epicyclic wheel (b) by clutch E in the first position from the sun gear (a). Clutch D in the third (neutral) position.

 6th gear.

 It differs from the second gear only in the moment input, which corresponds to the third gear.

7th gear
It differs from the fourth gear only by the moment input on the PM. The moment comes through a pair of gears 4-6 by turning on clutch A in the third position.

8th gear - U _ha ^b
It differs from the first transmission by replacing the input and output of the PM. The moment enters the PM from the carrier (h) with clutch C in the second position, and is removed from the epicyclic wheel (c) with clutch E in the third position. Clutch D in the third (neutral) position.

 9th gear.

 Corresponds to fifth gear, but clutch A is in third position.

 10th gear.

 Corresponds to eighth gear, but clutch A is also in third position.

Reverse - U _ab ^h
It is realized when the carrier is stopped (h), the moment input to the sun gear (a), the moment exit from the epicyclic wheel (c).

1st gear
Corresponds to the first gear for moving forward, but the clutch D in the first position stops the carrier relative to the gearbox housing, and the clutch E in the first position connects the epicyclic wheel to the secondary shaft 14.

 2nd gear.

 It differs from the first reverse gear by moving the clutch A from the first position to the third.

When changing the parameter of the planetary mechanism K = Z _b / Z _{a the} nature of the distribution of gears KP will change. For example, at K = 1.62, we obtain equal intervals between gears. By changing the gear ratios of the pairs of external gearing, you can change the relative position of the gears of the planetary mechanism (T.A and B), as well as the shift of the input to the gearbox (T. 0) relative to the PM (T.A and B).

 The economic effect is expressed in cheaper KP due to its simplification, reduced metal consumption, as well as increased efficiency KP due to the high reliability of the control mechanism KP, equipped with simple control clutches.

Claims (1)

 GEARBOX, comprising a housing with shafts located therein, four gears of external gearing, a single-row three-link planetary gear, control clutches, the input and output shafts being misaligned, the intermediate shaft and planetary gear being coaxial with the output shaft, the carrier drive shaft was placed on the intermediate the drive shaft of the sun gear, on the output shaft there is a coupling for selectively connecting to one of the links of the planetary mechanism, characterized in that the coupling mounted on the hub the intermediate shaft is made with the possibility of selective connection of the said shaft with the gearbox housing or with the gear block of the external gear, the coupling mounted on the gear block is made with the possibility of the selective connection of this block with a shortened drive shaft of the carrier or with an epicyclic wheel, the third coupling mounted on case, made with the possibility of selective connection of the case with the epicyclic wheel or with the drive shaft of the carrier, while all couplings are made three-position and have a neutral Proposition.

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