RU2383800C1 - Eight-step gear box with double gear - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to transport engineering, particularly to gear boxes of vechicles. The double gear is installed at input to the gear box. Part of driven disks of this gear is installed on the primary shaft of gear box - GB, while another part is arranged on a tubular shaft. On these shafts there are mounted gears meshing the block of gears freely mounted on the intermediary shaft, whereon three gears are assembled. The secondary shaft with two freely placed on it gears is set coaxially to the primary shaft; triple-station range clutch is arranged between these shafts. The double range clutch consisting of two half-couplings tied with a shift fork is positioned between middle pairs of gears.

EFFECT: expanded operation functionality of vehicle.

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Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular to the transmission of transport vehicles.

Known transmission units with a step change in gear ratios, containing gears, shafts, bearings, gear shifting devices used in domestic and foreign cars. (Automobiles: Design, construction and calculation. Transmission. / Ed. By A.I. Grishkevich. Mn .: Vysh. Shk., 1985. - 240 p.).

These units are structurally complex, metal-intensive.

Closest to the proposed gearbox (KP) is KP according to the copyright certificate No. 1654040 (Bull. No. 21 dated 06/07/1991).

The gearbox comprises an assembly body in which the primary and secondary shaft are coaxial, and the intermediate shaft is parallel to them. Four pairs of gears of external gearing are freely mounted on the shafts. The gears are combined in two blocks on the intermediate shaft, and the reverse gear is fixed on the second block. Between the second and third pairs of gears there is a two-position dual clutch consisting of two oppositely directed coupling halves connected by a shift fork and mounted on the gear rims of the gears of the parallel shafts. Between the first and second pairs of gears, and also between the third and fourth pairs of gears, three-position switching clutches are located, a driven reverse gear is fixed on the second coupling, a separate reverse gear is mounted on an axis located between the parallel shafts.

The described gearbox is simpler than the typical designs of transmission units listed in the book, provides a sufficient range of gear ratios (the ratio of gear ratios of the lowest gear to the highest), but has operational limitations on the passability of the vehicle and ease of control due to a break in the power flow when shifting gears.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to expand the operational capabilities of the vehicle due to pairwise gear changes with virtually no disruption of the power flow.

The problem is solved by achieving a technical result, which consists in improving the process of gear shifting by installing dual clutch.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the eight-speed gearbox contains an aggregate housing in which there are parallel shafts with four pairs of gears of external gearing, a block of two gears is freely mounted on the intermediate shaft, between the gears freely mounted on the secondary shaft, there is a three-position shift clutch with a driven reverse gear fixed to it, a separate reverse gear is mounted on an axis located between the parallel shafts, between the middle A double clutch is located with gear arches, consisting of two oppositely directed half-couplings connected by a shift fork and mounted on the gear rims of the gears of parallel shafts, while three gears are fixed on the intermediate shaft, one gear is fixed on the input shaft and clutch discs are installed, freely located between a tubular shaft on which the driven clutch discs are mounted and the gear is fixed, the gears of the primary and tubular shafts are engaged with the gear block of the secondary shaft, co The input shaft with the dual clutch housing fixed to it is located on the primary shaft.

The proposed technical solution allows you to change gears in pairs (8 and 7, 6 and 5, 4 and 3, 2 and 1) practically without interrupting the power flow, which facilitates the process of driving a vehicle and increases its throughput.

Figure 1 shows the kinematic diagram of an eight-speed three-shaft coaxial gearbox 8R4 (8 forward gears and 4 reverse gears) with dual clutch. In the lower part (under figure 1) the numbers of pairs of gears are marked.

Figure 2 shows the radiation diagram of the gearbox 8R4 with tables of the positions of the clutches and clutches in different gears. On the horizontal scales of the diagram in a logarithmic form the values of the gear ratios of pairs of gears and gears are presented. Forward gear numbers (8-1) are indicated above the upper horizontal line, reverse gears (4R-1R) are indicated below the lower horizontal line. On the extreme horizontals, the gear ratios are reduced to the secondary shaft, and on the middle horizontal to the intermediate shaft. The numbers of the pairs of gears are indicated on the beams. The tilt of the beam to the right indicates the decelerating mode of the pair of gears, the more the beam, the greater the gear ratio. The tilt of the beam to the left characterizes the accelerating mode of operation of a pair of gears. The tilt of the beam of each pair of gears is constant on any part of the radiation diagram.

In the supports of the housing KP 1 input 2, primary 3 and secondary 4 shafts are coaxially located. The intermediate shaft 5 is parallel to the shafts 2-4. A tubular shaft 6 is installed on the primary shaft 3, a gear 7 is fixed thereon, which is interlocked with the gear 8. The gear unit 8-9 is freely mounted on the intermediate shaft 5. Gears 10-12 are rigidly mounted on the intermediate shaft 5, gears 9, 10, 12 interlocked with gears 13-15. The gear 13 is fixed on the input shaft 3, and the gears 14 and 15 are freely mounted on the secondary shaft 4. A separate reverse gear 16 is mounted on the axis 17, which is located between the intermediate 5 and secondary 4 shafts. The double coupling A consists of two coupling halves 18 and 19 interconnected by a shift fork 20. The coupling half 18 is mounted on the gear ring 14 of the secondary shaft 4, and the coupling half 19 is mounted on the gear ring 9 of the intermediate shaft 5 opposite the coupling half 18. The three-position coupling 21 (B) is located between the third and fourth rows of gears on the secondary shaft 4, a driven reverse gear 22 is fixed on it.

The coupling halves can be installed differently. The coupling half 18 may be located on the ring gear 13, and the coupling half 19 - on the ring gear 10.

A dual clutch housing 23 is fixed on the input shaft 2, the clutch discs 24 are located in it. The left clutch discs 25 are mounted on the input shaft 3, and the right clutch discs 26 are mounted on the tubular shaft 6. The pressure device, pressing drive and driven discs when engaging clutches, not shown.

The gearbox works as follows: dual clutch is triggered at each shift, which occurs almost without interruption in the power flow. Clutch A changes its position after one shift, and clutch B after four consecutive gear changes.

First gear

The right clutch (P) is included, clutch A in the left position, clutch B in the right (see figure 2, the upper table above t. 1).

The torque from the right clutch (P) is transmitted to the tubular shaft 6, (see Fig. 1, the coupling halves 18, 19 and the coupling B (21) are shown in the neutral position) to a pair of gears 7-8, along the block of gears 8-9, a pair of gears 9-13, a coupling half 18, a pair of gears 14-10, along an intermediate shaft 5, a pair of gears 12-15 and a coupling B (21) on the secondary shaft 4.

On the beam diagram (see figure 2) this transmission is represented by four rays: from point 6 on the upper horizontal beam 1 right down to the middle horizontal, then beam 2 right up to 5, then a more gentle beam 3 right down to the middle horizontally, then a gentle beam 4 up to the right to t. 1.

Second gear

We engage the left clutch, couplings A and B (21) remain in the same position.

From the left clutch, the torque through the input shaft 3 goes to the gear 13, the coupling half 18 is transmitted to the hub of the gear 14, then, as in the previous gear.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two beams: from t.6 a gentle beam 3 to the right down to the middle horizontal, beam 4 up to the right to t.2.

Third gear

We turn on the right clutch (P), switch the clutch A to the right position: the coupling half 18 is disconnected, the coupling half 19 is turned on.

The torque from the tubular shaft 6 is transmitted by a pair of gears 7-8, through a gear block 8-9, a coupling half 19 to the gear hub 10, rigidly fixed to the intermediate shaft 5, then, as in previous gears.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two rays: from t.6, beam 1 to the right is steep down, then a gentle beam 4 to the right up to t.3.

Fourth gear

We turn on the left clutch (L), couplings A and B (21) remain in the same position.

From the left clutch, the torque is transmitted to the input shaft 3, a pair of gears 13-9, a coupling half 19 to the hub of the gear 10, then, as in previous gears.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two beams: from point 6, beam 2 is directed steeply down to the left, a gentle beam 4 up to the right to point 4.

Fifth gear

We turn on the right clutch (P), switch A and B to the left position (clutch B (21) and coupling half 18 are turned on, coupling half 19 is turned off).

The torque from the tubular shaft 6 is transmitted by a pair of gears 7-8, by a block of gears 8-9, a pair of gears 9-13, a coupling half 18 to the gear hub 14, and a coupling B (21) to the secondary shaft 4.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two beams: from point 6, beam 1 is directed steeply down to the right, beam 2 is directed steeply up right to point 5.

Sixth gear - direct

Clutch and both couplings are in the left position.

The torque from the input shaft 3 is transmitted to the gear 13, the coupling half 18 to the hub of the gear 14, the coupling B (21) to the secondary shaft 4.

On the beam diagram this transmission corresponds to t.6.

Seventh gear

We turn on the right clutch (P), put the clutch A in the right position.

The torque is transmitted from the tubular shaft 6 by a pair of gears 7-8, through a block of gears 8-9, a coupling half 19, a pair of gears 10-14, a coupling B (21) to the secondary shaft 4.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two beams: from point 6, beam 1 is directed steeply down to the right, and a more gentle beam 3 is up left to point 7.

Eighth gear

We turn on the left clutch (L), both couplings remain in the same position.

The torque from the input shaft 3 is transmitted by a pair of gears 13-9, a coupling half 19, a pair of gears 10-14, a coupling B (21) to the secondary shaft 4.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two beams: from point 6, beam 2 is directed down to the left, a more gentle beam 3 is directed up to the left to point 8.

First Reverse - 1R

We engage the right clutch (P), switch the clutch A to the left position, switch the clutch B (21) to the neutral position, put a separate reverse gear 16 into engagement with the drive gear 11 and the driven 22 reverse gears.

The torque to the intermediate shaft 5 is supplied, as in the first forward gear, then along a series of gears 11-16-22 reverse gear, by the coupling B (21) to the secondary shaft 4.

On the ray diagram this transmission is represented by four rays: from point 6, ray 1 is directed sharply down to the right to the middle horizontal, ray 2 is directed abruptly up to the right, more gentle ray 3 is downward to the right to the middle diagonal, the gentle ray R is directed down to the right to the lower diagonal to T. 1R.

Second Reverse - 2R

We turn on the left clutch (L), the couplings remain in the same position.

The torque to the intermediate shaft 5 is supplied, as in the second forward gear, then along a series of gears 11-16-22 reverse gear, clutch B (21) on the secondary shaft 4.

On the ray diagram, this transmission is represented by two beams: from t.6, a gentle beam 3 is directed downward to the right to the middle horizontal, a more gentle ray R is directed downward to the right to the lower horizontal to t.2R.

Third Reverse - 3R

We turn on the right clutch (P), put the clutch A in the right position.

The torque to the intermediate shaft 5 is supplied, as in the third forward gear, then along a series of gears 11-16-22 reverse gear, by the coupling B (21) to the secondary shaft 4.

On the ray diagram this transmission is represented by two beams: from point 6, beam 1 is directed steeply down to the right to the middle horizontal, a gentle ray R is directed downward to the lower horizontal to point 3R.

Fourth Reverse - 4R

We turn on the left clutch (L), the couplings remain in the same position.

The torque to the intermediate shaft 5 is supplied, as in the fourth forward gear, then in a series of gears 11-16-22 reverse gear, the coupling In (21) on the secondary shaft 4.

On the ray diagram this transmission is represented by two beams: from point 6, beam 2 is directed steeply down to the left to the middle horizontal, the gentle beam R is down to the right to the lower horizontal to point 4R.

Claims (1)

An eight-speed gearbox containing an aggregate housing in which shafts with four pairs of gears of external gear are located in parallel, a block of two gears is freely mounted on the intermediate shaft, between the gears freely mounted on the secondary shaft, there is a three-position shift clutch with a rear driven gear mounted on it stroke, a separate reverse gear is mounted on an axis located between the parallel shafts, a double clutch is located between the middle pairs of gears, consisting consisting of two oppositely directed coupling halves connected by a shift fork and mounted on the gear rims of the gears of parallel shafts, characterized in that three gears are fixed on the intermediate shaft, one gear is fixed on the input shaft and driven clutch discs are installed, the tubular shaft is freely located between them, on which driven clutch discs are installed and the gear is fixed, the gears of the primary and tubular shafts are engaged with the gear block of the secondary shaft, input is located coaxially with the primary shaft th shaft with a dual clutch housing fixed to it with drive discs.

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