RU2383801C1 - Misaligned eight-stage gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automotive industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automotive industry, particularly to gearboxes. Input shaft (2), main shaft (3) and extra shaft (4) are aligned in bearings of the housing of gearbox (1). Secondary shaft (5) is mounted parallel to aligned shafts (2), (3) and (4). Main shaft (3) carries tubular shaft (6) with gear (6) in mesh with gear (8) fitted thereon. Gear cluster (8) and (9) runs free on secondary shaft (5) carrying, as well, gears (10) and (11). Gear (9) is in mesh with gear(12) fitted on primary shaft (3). Gears (13), (14) and (15) are fitted on extra shaft (4). Gear (13) is in mesh with gear (10), while gear (15) engages gear (11), both being fitted on secondary shaft (5). Reverse gear (16) seats on axle (17). Half-coupling (18) is arranged on rim of extra shaft gear (13), while half-coupling (19) seats on secondary shaft gear rim. Three-position clutch (21) with reverse driven gear (22) is fitted on secondary shaft rim, between third and fourth rows of gears. Input shaft (2) supports dual clutch housing (23). Driven disk of LH clutch are fitted on primary shaft (3), while those of RH clutch are arranged on tubular shaft (6).

EFFECT: expanded operating performances.

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Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular to the transmission of transport vehicles.

Known transmission units with step change of gear ratios, containing gears, shafts, bearings, gear shifting devices used on domestic and foreign cars (Automobiles: Design, construction and calculation. Transmission. / Ed. By A.I. Grishkevich. Mn .: Higher school, 1985 .-- 240 p.).

These units are structurally complex, metal-intensive.

Closest to the proposed gearbox (KP) is the KP according to the copyright certificate No. 1654039 (Bull. No. 21 dated 06/07/1991).

The gearbox contains an aggregate housing in which there are parallel shafts with four pairs of gears of external gearing, on the secondary shaft two gears are combined into a block and two gears are mounted freely, between these gears there is a three-position shift clutch with a driven reverse gear fixed to it, a separate gear the reverse gear is mounted on an axis located between the shafts, between the middle pairs of gears there is a double coupling, consisting of two oppositely directed coupling halves, with union of shift fork and mounted on a toothed ring gears parallel shafts, the primary shaft has two loose gears and a block of three gears, pinions mounted between separate three-position switching clutch.

The described gearbox is simpler than the typical designs of transmission units listed in the book, provides a sufficient range of gear ratios (the ratio of gear ratios of the lowest gear to the highest), but has operational limitations on the passability of the vehicle and ease of control due to a break in the power flow when shifting gears.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to expand the operational capabilities of the vehicle due to pair gear shifting practically without breaking the power flow.

The problem is solved by achieving a technical result, which consists in improving the process of gear shifting by installing dual clutch.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that an eight-stage misaligned gearbox containing an assembly casing, in which there are parallel shafts with four pairs of gears of external gearing, two gears are combined into a block on the secondary shaft and two gears are installed freely, a three-position shift clutch with a driven reverse gear fixed to it, a separate reverse gear is mounted on an axis located between the shafts, between the middle pairs of gear races a double clutch is put, consisting of two oppositely directed half-couplings connected by a switching fork and mounted on the gear rims of the gears of the parallel shafts, while three gears are mounted on an additional shaft mounted coaxially with the input shaft, on which one gear is fixed and driven clutch discs are installed between them the tubular shaft is freely located on the input shaft, on which the driven clutch discs are mounted and the gear is fixed, the gears of the primary and tubular shafts are engaged with the block m gears secondary shaft coaxially located input shaft with an input shaft mounted thereon dual clutch housing.

The proposed technical solution allows you to change gears in pairs (8 and 7, 6 and 5, 4 and 3, 2 and 1) practically without interrupting the power flow, which facilitates the process of driving a vehicle and increases its throughput.

Figure 1 shows the kinematic diagram of an eight-speed two-shaft non-axial gearbox 8R4 2СЦ (8 forward gears and 4 reverse gears, dual clutch), containing 8 gears for forward gears and 3 gears for reverse gears, dual clutch and two gear clutches . The lower part shows the numbers of pairs of forward gears (1-4) and the designation of a number of reverse gears - R.

Figure 2 shows the beam diagram of this gearbox with tables of clutch positions and shift clutches in various forward gears (top) and reverse gears (bottom). The pairs of gears (1-4) or a series of reverse gears (R) included in the work are indicated in the upper part of the tables. On horizontal scales, the gear ratios of gear pairs and gears are shown in a logarithmic form. The upper and lower horizontal correspond to gear ratios on the secondary shaft, the average horizontal - on the primary and additional shafts. The numbers of the pairs of gears are indicated on the beams. The greater the tilt of the beam to the right, the greater the gear ratio. The left tilt of the beam indicates the accelerating mode of the pair of gears. The tilt of the beam of each pair of gears is constant on any part of the radiation diagram.

In the bearings of the housing KP 1, the input shaft 2, the primary shaft 3 and the additional shaft 4 are coaxially located. The secondary shaft 5 is installed parallel to the coaxial shafts 2-4. On the primary shaft 3, a tubular shaft 6 is freely mounted, on which a gear 7 is fixed, engaged with gear 8. A gear unit 8 and 9 is freely mounted on a secondary shaft 5, on which gears 10 and 11 are also freely mounted. Gear 9 of the block is engaged with gear 12 mounted on the input shaft 3. The gears 13, 14 and 15 are mounted on the additional shaft 4. The gear 13 is engaged with the gear 10, and the gear 15 with the gear 11, which are freely mounted on the secondary shaft 5. A separate reverse gear 16 is mounted on the axis 17 located between for an additional shaft 4 and a secondary shaft 5. The double coupling A consists of two coupling halves 18 and 19 interconnected by a shift fork 20. The coupling half 18 is mounted on the gear ring of the gear 13 of the additional shaft 4, and the coupling half 19 is mounted on the ring gear of the gear 9 of the secondary shaft 5. The three-position clutch 21 (B) with the driven reverse gear 22 mounted on it is mounted on the gear ring of the secondary shaft 5 between the third and fourth rows of gears.

A different arrangement of the coupling halves is allowed: the coupling half 18 is on the gear ring of the gear 12, and the coupling half 19 is on the ring gear of the gear 10.

The dual clutch housing 23 is fixed on the input shaft 2, the clutch discs 24 are located on it. The left clutch discs 25 are mounted on the input shaft 3, and the right clutch discs 26 are mounted on the tubular shaft 6. The pressure device, pressing leading 24 and driven 25 and 26 disks when engaging clutches, not shown.

The operation of the gearbox is carried out as follows: the dual clutch is triggered at each shift, which occurs almost without interrupting the power flow, clutch A changes its position after one shift, and clutch B after four successive shifts.

First gear

Clutches A and B in the right position (P), the left clutch (L) works (see figure 2, table. Right above t. 1).

The torque from the drive shaft 2 (see Fig. 1) is transmitted through the left clutch (L) to the input shaft 3, then by a pair of gears 12-9, through a coupling half 19, by a pair of gears 10-13 to an additional shaft 4, then a pair of gears 15-11 and through the coupling 21 (B) is transmitted to the secondary shaft 5.

On the radiation diagram (see figure 2) this transmission is represented by three rays: beam 2 leaves t.0 on the middle horizontal and is directed right up to t.5, then beam 3 is right down to the middle horizontal and beam 4 is right up to the point one.

Second gear

We switch the dual clutch, the right clutch (P) works.

Torque through the right clutch (P) is transmitted by a tubular shaft 6 to a pair of gears 7-8, then - as in the previous gear.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is characterized by rays: beam 1 from t.0 on the horizontal horizontal vertically up to point 6, then beam 3 to the right down and beam 4 to the right up to t.2.

Third gear

We turn on the left clutch, switch the clutch A to the left position.

Torque from the input shaft 3 is transmitted to the gear ring of the gear 12 and through the coupling half 18 to the additional shaft 4, then - as in previous gears.

On the ray diagram this transmission belongs to one ray 4, directed from t.0 on the midline to the right up to t.3.

Fourth gear

We include the right clutch.

Torque through the right clutch is transmitted through a tubular shaft 6 to a pair of gears 7-8, a gear block 8-9, a pair of gears 9-12, through a coupling half 18 to an additional shaft 4, then - as in previous gears.

On the ray diagram, this transmission corresponds to the rays: 1, 2 from t.6 left down to the mid-horizontal line (the direction has changed in comparison with the previous transmission) and beam 4 to t.4.

Fifth gear

We engage the left clutch, switch clutch A to the right position, and clutch B to the left position.

The torque through the left clutch is transmitted to the input shaft 3, then through a pair of gears 12-9, then through the coupling half 19 to the gear housing 10 and through the coupling 21 (B) to the secondary shaft 5.

In the beam diagram, this transmission corresponds to beam 2 from v. 0 of the midline to v. 5.

Sixth gear

We include the right clutch.

Torque through the right clutch is transmitted through a tubular shaft 6 to a pair of gears 7-8, then - as in the previous gear.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by a single beam 1 from t.0 to t.6.

Seventh gear

We turn on the left clutch, switch the clutch A to the left position.

The torque through the left clutch is transmitted to the input shaft 3, then through the coupling half 18 to a pair of gears 13-10, then through the coupling 21 (B) to the secondary shaft 5.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by a single beam 3 from t.0 to t.7.

Eighth gear

We include the right clutch.

The torque to the additional shaft 4 is transmitted as in fourth gear, then as in the previous gear.

On the ray diagram this transmission corresponds to the rays: 1, 2 from t.6 to the left down to the middle horizontal line and beam 3 to t. 8.

To engage reverse gears, it is necessary to move the clutch 21 (B) with the driven reverse gear 22 to the neutral position, and the R clutch with gear 16 located on the axis 17 to the right position, leading it into engagement with gears 14 and 22.

First Reverse - 1R

We turn on the left clutch, clutch A is in the right position, clutch B is in neutral (see table below, figure 2).

The torque to the additional shaft 4 is transmitted as in the first forward gear, then in a series of reverse gears 14-16-22 to the coupling 21 and to the secondary shaft 5.

On the ray diagram, this transfer corresponds to rays: beam 2 from t.0 to t.5, beam 3 to the middle horizontal, then a gentle beam R to the right down to t.1R on the lower horizontal.

Second Reverse - 2R

We include the right clutch.

The torque to the additional shaft 4 is transmitted as in the second forward gear, then in a series of reverse gears 14-16-22 to the clutch 21 and to the secondary shaft 5.

On the ray diagram, this transfer corresponds to rays: beam 1 from t.0 to t.6, beam 3 to the middle horizontal, then a gentle beam R to the right down to t.2R on the lower horizontal.

Third Reverse - 3R

We turn on the left clutch, clutch A in the left position.

The torque to the additional shaft 4 is transmitted as in the third forward gear, then in a series of reverse gears 14-16-22 to the clutch 21 and to the secondary shaft 5.

In the beam diagram, this transmission corresponds to a gentle ray R to the right down to point 3R on the lower horizontal.

Fourth Reverse - 4R

We include the right clutch.

The torque to the additional shaft 4 is transmitted as in the fourth forward gear, then in a series of reverse gears 14-16-22 to the clutch 21 and to the secondary shaft 5.

On the ray diagram, this transfer corresponds to rays: beam 1 from t.0 to t.6, beam 2 to the middle horizontal, then a gentle beam R to the right down to t.4R on the lower horizontal.

Claims (1)

A non-coaxial eight-speed gearbox containing an aggregate housing in which shafts with four pairs of gears of external gear are located in parallel, two gears are combined into a block on the secondary shaft and two gears are installed freely, between these gears there is a three-position shift clutch with a driven reverse gear fixed to it , a separate reverse gear is mounted on an axis located between the shafts, between the middle pairs of gears is a double clutch, consisting of two opposite falsely directed half-couplings connected by a switching fork and gears of parallel shafts mounted on the gear rims, characterized in that three gears are mounted on an additional shaft mounted coaxially to the primary shaft, on which one gear is mounted and driven clutch discs are installed, between them on the primary shaft is freely located a tubular shaft on which the driven clutch discs are mounted and the gear is fixed, the gears of the primary and tubular shafts are engaged with the gear block of the secondary shaft, coaxially input shaft with a dual clutch housing fixed to it.

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