RU210870U1 - DEVICE FOR GROWING FRUIT-BERRY AND VEGETABLE CROPS ON PEBLIC LANDS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to devices used for growing fruit and berry and vegetable crops, and can be used to involve unused pebble lands in agricultural production. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device contains a frame, connecting links, vertical posts and extensions. The essence of the utility model is as follows. A device for growing fruit, berry and vegetable crops on pebble lands, including a frame, connecting links, vertical posts, stretch marks, a frame 2.5 m long, 0.50 m wide and 0.80 m high, made of galvanized mesh, having a rectangular shape, the lateral and lower sides of which are rigidly connected to each other by means of clamps, and its upper side is open, while the internal cavity of the frame is divided into five cells by means of partitions made of galvanized mesh and located relative to each other at a distance of 0.5 m, and the side and the lower parts of the partitions are rigidly attached to the side and lower sides of the frame, respectively, while two metal plates with three holes equidistant from each other are rigidly attached to the corners of the inner cavity of the frame in front and behind. The connecting link is 0.20 m long, 0.50 m wide and 0.80 m high, which is made of a polymeric material with increased strength, having a rectangular shape, in the middle of the width of the connecting link a rectangular cutout is made with sides of 0.3 × 0.6 m , and three holes are drilled along the height, equidistant from each other, while a square cutout with sides of 0.102 m is made in the upper part of the connecting link, and a hole with a diameter of 0.05 m is drilled in the lower part. Vertical post made of polymer material with increased strength , 2.5 m long, having a square shape in the upper part with sides of 0.10 m, and in the lower part a cylindrical shape 0.1 m long, 0.05 m in diameter, while two holes with a diameter of 0.008 m were drilled on the vertical post, moreover, one hole is located at a distance of 0.30 m, and the other - at a distance of 0.9 m from the top of the vertical post.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to devices used for growing fruit and berry and vegetable crops, and can be used to involve unused pebble lands in agricultural production.

State of the art

In order to further increase fruit production, long-term plans for the development of agriculture in the Russian Federation provide for the laying of new orchards of intensive and super-intensive types.

In industrial horticulture areas, there is limited scope for further expansion of orchard areas. In this regard, the rational use of land resources, the exploration and involvement in intensive agricultural turnover of new lands, previously considered unsuitable for agriculture, is an urgent socio-economic problem.

Among the promising regions of the country for the development of pebble gardening is the North Caucasus, where the area of these lands is about 400 thousand hectares [1].

In the North Caucasus: in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in 60 ... 70 years. In the 20th century, the agricultural technology of industrial pebble gardening was developed, including the organization of the territory for irrigation; deep loosening; removal and removal of large stony inclusions; site surface planning; breakdown of rows for planting fruit plantations; cutting furrows: 1.5 m wide, 0.4 ... 0.5 m along the bottom, 0.6 m deep; backfilling furrows with fine earth and leveling filled ditches; installation of pegs indicating the rows and placement of trees; digging holes for planting trees; introduction of 30 ... 50 kg of humus into the seats; planting of vigorous trees and their watering [1, p. 58…64].

Irrigation and fertilizers were intensively used for the effective cultivation of vigorous fruit plantations on pebble lands. However, with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the increase in prices for energy carriers, fertilizers and chemical protection means, the cultivation of vigorous fruit plantations on pebble lands became unprofitable. In this regard, these gardens were uprooted, and the land itself became waste, not used in agricultural production.

At the present stage, the problem of developing unproductive and waste pebble lands for fruit plantations acquires a new relevance. At the same time, the process of developing such lands should be based on the use of new technological processes and technical means that make it possible to increase the efficiency of the process of developing pebble lands and expand the range of crops grown on these lands with an increase in their productivity.

A device for growing plants is known, containing a tray with removable longitudinal and transverse partitions and water tanks made of modified plastic, consisting of plastic and EM ceramics [2].

The disadvantage of this device is that it cannot be used for growing fruit plantations on pebble lands.

A device for growing plants is known, containing a shelter, stretch marks, supports, a vertical pipe made of a rigid mesh frame with tiers attached to it, inclined containers for the substrate, fiberglass, a water container, a float and an electric heater [3].

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to use for growing fruit plantations on pebble lands, poor structural stability.

The closest in terms of technical and achieved positive effect and adopted by the authors as a prototype is a device for growing plants, consisting of a body with a lid, containers installed in a tier, the inside of which is filled with substrates, and holes for planting are made on the outer surface, a central inner pipe with holes, water vessel, electric heater and valves [4].

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to use for growing fruit plantations on pebble lands, poor structural stability.

For the effective development of pebble lands, a device is needed that allows growing both fruit and berry and vegetable crops, which has a simple design, which ensures an increase in the yield of cultivated crops and the production of environmentally friendly products.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is to grow fruit, berry and vegetable crops on pebble lands by using special modules.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the efficiency of the use of pebble lands in agricultural production for fruit and berry and vegetable crops, increase the yield of cultivated crops and obtain environmentally friendly products.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device contains a frame, connecting links, vertical posts and extensions.

The essence of the utility model is as follows.

A device for growing fruit, berry and vegetable crops on pebble lands, including a frame, connecting links, vertical posts, stretch marks, a frame 2.5 m long, 0.50 m wide and 0.80 m high, made of galvanized mesh, having a rectangular shape, the lateral and lower sides of which are rigidly connected to each other by means of clamps, and its upper side is open, while the internal cavity of the frame is divided into five cells by means of partitions made of galvanized mesh and located relative to each other at a distance of 0.5 m, and the side and the lower parts of the partitions are rigidly attached to the side and lower sides of the frame, respectively, while two metal plates with three holes equidistant from each other are rigidly attached to the corners of the inner cavity of the frame in front and behind.

The connecting link is 0.20 m long, 0.50 m wide and 0.80 m high, which is made of a polymeric material with increased strength, having a rectangular shape, in the middle of the width of the connecting link a rectangular cutout is made with sides of 0.3 × 0.6 m , and three holes were drilled in height equidistant from each other, while a square cutout with sides of 0.102 m was made in the upper part of the connecting link, and a hole with a diameter of 0.05 m was drilled in the lower part.

A vertical post made of a polymer material with increased strength, 2.5 m long, having a square shape with sides of 0.10 m in the upper part, and a cylindrical shape in the lower part, 0.1 m long, 0.05 m in diameter, while Two holes with a diameter of 0.008 m were drilled into the vertical post, with one hole located at a distance of 0.30 m, and the other at a distance of 0.9 m from the top of the vertical post.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a general diagram of a device for growing fruit and vegetable crops on pebble lands, FIG. 2 shows a general view of the connecting link and the vertical post.

Implementation of the utility model

Shown in FIG. 1 device for growing fruit, berry and vegetable crops on pebble lands consists of a frame 1, connecting links 2, vertical racks 3, braces 4.

Frame 1 2.5 m long, 0.50 m wide and 0.80 m high (dimensions are chosen constructively to facilitate transportation by one person), made of galvanized mesh 5, having a rectangular shape, the side and bottom sides of which are rigidly interconnected by means of clamps (not numbered in Fig.), and its upper side is open, while the internal cavity of the frame 1 is divided into five cells by means of partitions 6 made of galvanized mesh and located relative to each other at a distance of 0.5 m (number and size of cells selected constructively to ensure the strength of the frame and facilitate the planting of columnar fruit trees in the middle of the cells), and the side and lower parts of the partitions 6 are rigidly attached to the side and lower sides of the frame 1, respectively. Two metal plates with three holes equidistant from each other are rigidly attached to the corners of the internal cavity of the frame 1 in front and behind (not shown in Fig.). Frames 1 can be sequentially connected to each other in a horizontal plane (not shown in Fig.) by means of connecting links 2.

The connecting link 2 is 0.20 m long, 0.50 m wide and 0.80 m high (the dimensions are taken structurally, equal to the width and height of the module frame to ensure the tightness of their connection), which is made of a polymer material with increased strength, having a rectangular shape , in the middle of the width of the connecting link 2, a rectangular cutout 7 was made with sides of 0.3 × 0.6 m, and three holes 8 were drilled along the height, equidistant from each other. In the upper part of the connecting link 2, a square cutout 9 with sides of 0.102 m was made, and a hole 10 with a diameter of 0.05 m was drilled in the lower part (the dimensions were taken constructively to ensure the stability of the attachment of the vertical post to the connecting link).

Vertical rack 3, made of a polymer material with increased strength, 2.5 m long, having a square shape with sides of 0.10 m in the upper part, and a cylindrical shape in the lower part with a length of 0.1 m, a diameter of 0.05 m. vertical post 3 drilled two holes 11 and 12 with a diameter of 0.008 m, with one hole 11 located at a distance of 0.30 m, and the other 12 - at a distance of 0.9 m from the top of the vertical post 3 position of columnar fruit trees).

The device works as follows. The frame 1 is installed on a flat horizontal surface, oriented from north to south, for better illumination of the sides of the frame 1. Connecting links 2 are attached to the front and back of the frame 1 by means of six pins (not shown in Fig.), which are inserted into the side holes 8 of the connecting link 2 and into the holes of the metal bars installed at the corners of the internal cavity of the frame 1 (not shown in the figure) and are rigidly fixed by means of a washer and nut (not shown in the figure). A vertical post 3 is inserted into the square cutout 9 of the connecting link 2, the lower part of which is connected to the lower part of the connecting link 2 with a guaranteed tightness.

The first layer of soil substrate (not shown in Fig.) with a thickness of 10 ... 20 cm is poured into frame 1. On the sides of frame 1, the root part of seedlings 13 is laid: berry or vegetable crops, pushing them through mesh cells 5 of frame 1. The roots of seedlings 13 are covered with the following layer of soil substrate and so on until the frame 1 is fully equipped with seedlings 13.

On top of the frame 1, in the middle of the cells, recesses up to 35 cm deep are made, into which the required amount of fertilizers and a growth regulator are poured and seedlings of columnar fruit trees 14 are planted.

Stretch marks 4 are pulled through holes 11 and 12 in the vertical post 3, the ends of which are fixed on the soil surface with the possibility of adjusting their tension. Seedlings of columnar fruit trees 14 are attached to the stretch marks 4.

The proposed device in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages:

the possibility of involving pebble lands, inconveniences, waste sites, disturbed lands, land plots with complex geomorphological conditions in agricultural production;

minimum costs of water, energy, material, labor resources;

exclusion of the formation of eroded lands;

ensuring full control of technological processes;

multiple increase in productivity per unit area: up to 10 thousand columnar fruit trees will be placed on one hectare - with a yield per tree equal to 5 to 16 kg, depending on the timing of fruiting. In this case, from 50 to 160 tons of environmentally friendly products can be obtained from one hectare. With the wholesale selling price of apples equal to 50 rubles/kg, this will be from 2.5 to 8.0 million rubles. from one hectare. In addition, from 40 to 60 strawberry bushes can be grown on one frame, given that up to 2000 frames will be placed on one hectare, then it will be from 80 to 120 thousand bushes / ha. With an average yield per strawberry bush of 1.5 kg, the yield per hectare will be from 120 to 180 tons, and with traditional technology - 67 tons. With an average wholesale price of 100 rubles / kg, this will be from 12 up to 18 million rubles/ha;

the possibility of creating and developing agricultural production in areas with unfavorable and extremely unfavorable natural and climatic conditions;

the possibility of obtaining environmentally friendly products;

stimulating the development of various branches of the national economy;

a priority direction for the development of small and medium-sized agribusiness.

The economic and social assessment of the modular system is based on two important aspects:

the possibility of creating and developing modern agricultural production, technology parks, including in areas remote from industrial centers;

solution of the problem of employment of the population of rural settlements.

Information sources

1. Umirov A.M. Development of pebble lands for gardens. - Nalchik: Elbrus, 1981. - 132 p.

2. Pat. RF No. 66886, MKI A01G 9/02. Device for growing plants / S.K. Bakhov, V.A. Shchevtsov. - No. 2007111156/22; dec. 03/26/2007; publ. 10.10.2007.

3. A.s. 1709957 USSR, MKI A01G 9/14, 9/24. Device for growing plants / O.I. Strakhov, T.L. Odrinskaya, L.A. Dymenko. - No. 4794586/15; dec. 02/19/90; publ. 07.02.92, Bull. No. 5. - 3s: ill.

4. A.s. 144213 USSR, MKI A01G 9/14. Device for growing plants / L.S. Gerasimovich, L.A. Lipnitsky, B.C. Tarasenko, A.V. Smerdov. - No. 4243829/30-15; dec. 05/11/87; publ. 07.12.88, Bull. No. 45. - 3s: ill.

Claims (3)

1. A device for growing fruit, berry and vegetable crops on pebble lands, including a frame, connecting links, vertical posts, extensions, a frame 2.5 m long, 0.50 m wide and 0.80 m high, made of galvanized mesh, having a rectangular shape, the lateral and lower sides of which are rigidly connected to each other by means of clamps, and its upper side is open, while the internal cavity of the frame is divided into five cells by means of partitions made of galvanized mesh and located relative to each other at a distance of 0.5 m, and the lateral and lower parts of the partitions are rigidly attached to the lateral and lower sides of the frame, respectively, while two metal plates with three holes equidistant from each other are rigidly attached to the corners of the internal cavity of the frame in front and behind. 2. The device according to claim 1, including a connecting link 0.20 m long, 0.50 m wide and 0.80 m high, which is made of a polymer material with increased strength, having a rectangular shape, a rectangular cutout is made in the middle of the width of the connecting link with sides 0.3 × 0.6 m, and three holes were drilled along the height, equidistant from each other, while a square cutout with sides of 0.102 m was made in the upper part of the connecting link, and a hole with a diameter of 0.05 m was drilled in the lower part. 3. The device according to claim 1, including a vertical rack made of a polymer material with increased strength, 2.5 m long, having a square shape with sides of 0.10 m in the upper part, and a cylindrical shape 0.1 m long in the lower part , with a diameter of 0.05 m, while two holes with a diameter of 0.008 m are drilled on the vertical post, with one hole located at a distance of 0.30 m, and the other at a distance of 0.9 m from the top of the vertical post.

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