RU2054230C1 - Method for cultivation of sugar beet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: seeds are sown according to 6x20x80 pattern, i. e. six-line sowing with a line-to-line distance of 20 cm and 80-cm row spaces, 2-3 cm deep with a wheel track of 180 cm. Weed control is effected without herbicides by covering the germinated weeds with a layer of loose soil from the wheel track. This is done simultaneously with forming an optimum embedding depth of sugar beet seeds. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods for cultivating sugar beets.

A known method of cultivating beets with a certain row spacing required for the passage of machine-tractor units [1]
In order to possibly use the moist soil layer for faster seed germination, to facilitate weed control, sowing of seeds is carried out to a greater depth, and then after the formation of seedlings, the excess soil layer is removed over the rows of sowing and taken to rows between rows.

 The disadvantages of the method include the need for a special working body, the ability to remove together with the soil and seeds, as well as the formation of rolls in the aisles, which complicate further processing.

 Closest to the invention, the technical solution chosen as a prototype is a method of cultivating sugar beets, including preparing the field for sowing [2] In this method, with the aim of increasing the yield of sugar beets, six- and eight-row crops with a distance between rows 22.5-15 cm.

 However, this method does not provide measures to control weeds, since inter-row processing with such aisles is impossible. In addition, the tramline width of 45 cm is insufficient for the passage of energy without damage to plants, even with special narrow tracks or tires.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the method of cultivating sugar beets, including preparing the field for sowing and sowing, sowing seeds, 6 rows are used with a distance between them of 20 cm and a row spacing of 80 cm to a depth of 2 3 cm with a tramline of 180 cm, after emergence of weed shoots before emergence of sugar beet (6-8 days) weeds sprinkled with a loosened layer of soil 2 3 cm from the tramline.

 A comparison of the two methods shows that six-line sowing of sugar beets with a row spacing of 20 cm and a row-spacing of 80 cm, as well as weed control, two-stage formation of the optimal depth of seed placement by sprinkling weed seedlings before sugar beet sprouts is new (after 6-8 days) loosened soil from the tramline (row spacing) by the bed builder.

 Thus, the claimed method meets the criteria of the invention of "Novelty."

 The invention meets the requirement of inventive step, because A result has been achieved that satisfies the existing need, attempts to obtain which to date have not been successful by specialists.

 The method meets the criteria of the invention "Industrial Applicability", i.e. can be used in all areas of beet-growing, and it can also be used for the production of fodder beets, but instead of 6 lines in the ridge, apply 4 lines with a distance between the lines of 30 cm.

 The transition to the row method of cultivating sugar beets with six-row sowing in the ridge and the distance between rows of 20 cm makes it possible to increase the useful field area used directly by seedlings of sugar beets from 44 to 80% compared with the known technologies, where the aisles are 45-60 cm.

 Thus, the inventive method allows to increase the number of plants by 36% per hectare, subject to the optimal nutritional area, which potentially leads to an increase in the yield of sugar beets.

 The drawing shows a diagram of a method of cultivating sugar beets.

 The drawing shows all the necessary dimensions.

 PRI me R. The preparation of the field for sowing does not differ from the generally accepted one; it must comply with the agrotechnical requirements for this zone. For sowing seeds according to the scheme 6 x 20 x 80 cm, it is necessary to re-equip the seeder SSI-12B.

 Set the seed placement depth of 2 3 cm. The number of sown seeds per running meter depends on the variety of seeds, their field germination and ranges from 8-16 pcs / m.

 After the emergence of weeds on the 6-8th day, when seedlings of sugar beet have not yet appeared, sprinkle weeds with a layer of soil 2 3 cm from the tramline using a milling ridge former.

 Thus, the seeds will be planted to an optimum depth of 4-6 cm. Thanks to this operation, the sugar beet seedlings appear first, and after thinning them to the final density, they quickly close the tops, preventing the seedlings from growing and developing weeds.

 Prior to harvesting, no inter-row treatments are carried out, with the exception of measures for the chemical protection of plants from pests and diseases.

 The introduction of the method of cultivation of sugar beets in production allows you to get an increase in productivity by 50-100 without the use of herbicides and inter-row treatments. In addition, the presence of wide (80 cm) row-spacing allows the use of conventional row-tractors for cultivation without special narrow tires or tracks. At the same time, there is no need for a beet caterpillar tractor of the T-70C type. Reduced metal consumption of machines to perform the proposed method. So, the dimensions of the twelve-row seeder ССТ-12Б are reduced from 622.5 to 280 cm, i.e. 18 sections can be installed on the beam of the SST-12B seeder.

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR CROPING SUGAR BEET, including preparing the field for sowing and sowing, characterized in that the seeds are sown in 6 rows with a distance between them of 20 cm and a row spacing of 80 cm to a depth of 2-3 cm with a tramline of 180 cm, after emergence of weeds up to emergence of seedlings of sugar beets (6 - 8 days), weeds sprinkled with a loosened layer of soil 2 - 3 cm from the tramline.

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