SU1711697A1 - Method for creation of windbreak rows - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of combating soil erosion. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of forming the wings and increasing the moisture reserves in the soil. The way of creating the scenes is different in that their formation is carried out from the sowing culture of continuous sowing by closing parts of the sowing apparatus of the sprouts, due to which unfilled inter-spacing in the curtain and unaligned demarcation strips are formed separating the backstage from the main seeding. This creates the best conditions for the growth and development of rocker plants and the best conditions for harvesting agricultural crops with interrowed spaces. The width of the aisles, the number of rows in the wings of the wide demarcation strips and the interculum spaces are regulated by simply closing a part of the sowing apparatus of the seed. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to methods for creating scenes for snow retention, protecting the soil from erosion and increasing the yield of agricultural crops.

There is a method of creating scenes by summer planting of rocker plants on steam fields. According to the method, crops that are cultivated by a wide variety method are sown. However, this method is used only on clean steam and does not provide effective protection of soil from erosion during the period of steaming and the possibility of obtaining additional products from arable land.

There is a method of creating a combined steam with scenes, which consists in treating the steam in the first half of the summer by

the type of clean steam, sowing oats and mustard scenes in the second half of summer. At the same time, the oats in the inter-space space are removed for green fodder, and the mustard scenes remain for the winter for snow retention.

Disadvantages of the method: for sowing scenes from another culture in the seed drill, part of the sowing apparatus is fenced off with the help of continuous partitions and re-equipment of the sowing apparatuses with the aim of controlling the sowing rate of the sowing culture; this rate differs from the seeding rate of continuous seeding. The cups on the paws of the coulters sowing the rocker culture are shortened. All this causes extra material and labor costs.

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The closest to the proposed method is the creation of scenes, including the sowing of leguminous herbs in a steam field, after harvesting which they are grown afterwards for 30-35 days, then it is mixed with the surface layer of soil, leaving behind-the-scenes stripes.

The drawbacks in creating scenes by leaving-unstitched strips are the following: the scenes are made solid and part of the crop remains in them; there are no inter-spacing in the wings and demarcation strips, which does not contribute to the good development of the rocker plants; the absence of demarcation strips as guides makes it difficult to clean the plants and (or) embed plants in the soil from the inter-spacial spaces; when the downtrodden bands of agricultural crops (especially perennial grasses) are left for the crown, the preparation of the soil and the sowing of the next crop becomes more difficult, since such scenes are transformed into disturbances.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the creation of scenes and increase the yield of agricultural crops.

This goal is achieved by the fact that, when sowing agricultural crops of continuous sowing by closing parts of the seedlings of the sprouts, unsinviable inter-spacing in the wings and undeveloped demarcation strips are formed, which separate the scenes from the main sowing; at the same time, the scenes are formed by sowing seeds of the same culture as part of the sowing apparatuses of the crop without additional conversion and adjustment.

The scenes are inter-spacing and are separated from crops in inter-space spaces by demarcation strips, which makes it easy to harvest and cultivate the soil. The width of the spaces between rows, the number of rows in the wings, the width of the demarcation strips and the spaces between the spaces is regulated by simply closing a part of the sowing apparatus of the seed.

The drawing is a diagram explaining the method (one of the options).

The formation of the wings 1 is carried out simultaneously with the seeding of the culture of the splice sowing by leaving unpowered between the rows 2 and demarcation strips 3.

The proposed method of creating the scenes is implemented as follows.

A clean rape was sown on a clean pair separated under durum in the year of steaming (July 1987 and 1988). With

The sowing unit used in the sowing, consisting of 3 slok SZ-3.6. In the middle ridge, the covers are closed with 10, 12, 13 and 15 metering devices. In this way, two-sided scenes were created from seed rape by sowing seeds from 11 and 14 sowing machines of seedlings with a width of 45 cm between the scenes and a width of demarcation strips on both sides of the scenes 30 cm each. their centers) 10.8 m, i.e. multiple to the width of the seeding unit. Before leaving for the winter, the rapeseed from inter-spacing spaces was removed for green fodder. Harvest of green mass in 1987 116 c / ha, in 1988, 75.1 c / ha. After mowing the rapeseed soil in the inter-cuspical spaces, it was processed with flat-cuts in September. In the spring, moisture was harvested by harrowing, then pre-sowing cultivation, sowing of wheat, rolling, and hunting. The remains of the wings did not prevent the spring field work, were easily destroyed and mixed with the top layer of soil

The average height of the wings is 100 cm, the height of the snow cover before snowing (in March) was: in 1988, without wings, 18 cm, with wings, 35 cm, in 1989, 24.3 and 43.6 cm. the version with the curtains was 23 and 20 mm more. In spring, before sowing wheat, the stocks of available moisture in the soil in a layer of 1 m were 24.5 mm more. The wheat yields harvested in pure rapeseed without wings and rapeseed with the creation of scenes were: in 1988, 29.9; 30.7 and 31.7 centners per hectare (HCPos 0.43 centners); in 1989, 14.8; .15.5 and 16.4 c / ha (HCPos 0.43 c). At the expense of backstage, the yield increase for wheat was 1.0 and 0.9 centners / ha.

The application of the proposed method of creating the scenes provides savings in material and labor costs, increasing the productivity of arable land, obtaining additional products and profits.

Claims (1)

The invention The method of creating scenes, including sowing agricultural crops of continuous sowing and leaving the scenes when harvesting from the same crop, is different in that, in order to reduce the cost of forming scenes and increasing the moisture reserves in the soil, sowing agricultural crops carry out , left undeacted between the rows, and the scenes are formed when sowing, they are located on the sides of the aisles and are separated from the main planting with undeacted restrictive bands. / g