RU2016130030A - Углеродные волокна и высококачественные волокна для композиционных материалов - Google Patents
Углеродные волокна и высококачественные волокна для композиционных материалов Download PDFInfo
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- RU2016130030A RU2016130030A RU2016130030A RU2016130030A RU2016130030A RU 2016130030 A RU2016130030 A RU 2016130030A RU 2016130030 A RU2016130030 A RU 2016130030A RU 2016130030 A RU2016130030 A RU 2016130030A RU 2016130030 A RU2016130030 A RU 2016130030A
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- fibers
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- water
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims 21
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfoxide Natural products CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims 3
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- -1 anthracene epoxide Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012802 nanoclay Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XQIJIALOJPIKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene 1,2-oxide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3OC3C=CC2=C1 XQIJIALOJPIKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XQYMIMUDVJCMLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyperoxybenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OOOC1=CC=CC=C1 XQYMIMUDVJCMLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
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Claims (31)
1. Способ нанесения проклеивающего состава на органическое или неорганическое волокно, включающий стадии:
обеспечения множества волокон;
приведения указанного множества волокон в контакт с композицией, где указанная композиция содержит полимер, растворенный в смешивающемся с водой растворителе, с получением тем самым покрытия из растворителя/полимера на указанном множестве волокон;
коагуляции полимера на указанном множестве волокон;
удаления смешивающегося с водой растворителя путем промывания водой указанного множества волокон, покрытых растворителем/полимером; и
по меньшей мере частичную сушку полученного множества волокон с полимерным покрытием с получением множества проклеенных волокон.
2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что указанное множество волокон выбрано из углеродных волокон, стекловолокна, керамических волокон, арамидных волокон, полиолефиновых волокон, сложнополиэфирных волокон, акриловых волокон и их комбинаций.
3. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что указанное множество волокон представляет собой ткань.
4. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что смешивающийся с водой растворитель выбран из диметилсульфоксида (DMSO), N-метил-2-пирролидона (NMP), диметилформамида (DMF), гексаметилфосфорамида (HMPA), ацетона, метилэтилкетона, бутанона, метилового спирта, этилового спирта, изопропилового спирта, бутилового спирта, дихлорметана, хлороформа, тиоцианата натрия и хлорида цинка.
5. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что pH смешивающегося с водой растворителя составляет примерно 10 или более или примерно 3 или менее.
6. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что смешивающийся с водой растворитель представляет собой сильное основание или сильную кислоту.
7. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что полимер выбран из эпоксидов, термопластмасс, каучуков и их комбинаций.
8. Способ по п. 6, отличающийся тем, что полимер выбран из простого полиэфирсульфона, полиэфиркетона, бис-A-эпоксида, бис-F-эпоксида, сложного феноксиэфира, сложного фенольного эфира, сложного винилового эфира, бисмалеимида (BMI), полиимида, полиамидоимида, диглицидилового эфира бис-фенол-A-эпоксида, каучука со структурой ядро/оболочка, антраценового эпоксида, нафталинового эпоксида, новолачного эпоксида, трифункционального эпоксида, тетрафункционального эпоксида и их комбинаций.
9. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что полимер модифицирован с помощью модификатора, выбранного из частиц каучука, неорганических частиц, органических частиц, добавок и их комбинаций.
10. Способ по п. 8, отличающийся тем, что модификатор выбран из углеродных нанотрубок (CNTs), графеновых листов, углеродных микробусин (microbeads), нанотрубок диоксида кремния, нанотрубок карбида кремния, наноглин и их комбинаций.
11. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что эпоксидная эквивалентная масса полимера составляет примерно 300 или более.
12. Способ по п. 10, отличающийся тем, что эпоксидная эквивалентная масса полимера составляет примерно 500 или менее.
13. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что полимер представляет собой комбинацию различных полимеров.
14. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что на стадии по меньшей мере частичной сушки по существу не образуется паров растворителя.
15. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что не используют поверхностно-активное вещество.
16. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что на стадии по меньшей мере частичной сушки по существу удаляют воду из указанного множества волокон.
17. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что при промывании получают полученную после ванны композицию, содержащую воду, смешивающийся с водой растворитель и полимер.
18. Способ по п. 16, дополнительно включающий рециркуляцию одного или более компонентов полученной после ванны композиции.
19. Способ нанесения проклеивающего состава на волокно и минимизации образования паров растворителя, включающий стадии:
объединения полимера со смешивающимся с водой растворителем с получением проклеивающей композиции, при этом указанный полимер растворяется в указанной проклеивающей композиции;
нанесения проклеивающей композиции на по меньшей мере одно волокно с обеспечением тем самым по меньшей мере частичного покрытия по меньшей мере одного волокна полимером в указанной проклеивающей композиции;
коагуляции полимера на указанном по меньшей мере одном волокне;
удаления смешивающегося с водой растворителя с указанного по меньшей мере одного волокна; и
по меньшей мере частичной сушки волокна после удаления смешивающегося с водой растворителя;
причем на стадии по меньшей мере частичной сушки по существу не образуется паров растворителя.
20. Способ по п. 19, отличающийся тем, что коагуляция полимера и удаление смешивающегося с водой растворителя дополнительно включает нанесение воды на по меньшей мере одно волокно с покрытием.
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