RU189739U1 - ABSORBING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of transport engineering and relates to vehicle shock absorbers, mainly for absorbing vehicles of passenger rolling stock. The task is to increase the reliability and power consumption of the absorbing device, reducing material costs for its production. The absorbing device (Fig. 2) includes a housing (1), formed by the bottom (3) and the neck (2), in which the firing pin (4) is partially located, between which and the bottom (3) there is a return-supporting arrangement made of elastic-elastic elements (6) equality (5). At the same time, it is possible to immerse the striker (4) inside the neck (2) of the body (1) along the longitudinal axis (O1). The length (b) of the part of the striker (4) located inside the neck (2) of the body (1) is longer than (a ) parts of the striker (4) protruding behind the body (1), with the shortest distance (s) from the longitudinal axis (O1) to the surface of the neck (2) greater than the length (a) of the striker part (4) protruding from the body (1). It is advisable in the striker (4) to perform the longitudinal grooves (9), in which the guide clamps (8) can be located, for example, transversely to the longitudinal axis (O1) of the absorbing device. It is worthwhile to insert the insert (11) between the striker (4) and the neck (2) of the housing (1). It is possible to center the reciprocating-supporting device (5) on the internal surfaces of the housing (2) of the housing (1). It is also recommended that the distance (s a) between the outwardly protruding ends of the neck (2) of the ends of the guide clamps (8) was preferably equal to the width (S) of the bottom (3) of the body (1).

Description

The invention relates to the field of transport engineering and relates to vehicle shock absorbers, mainly for absorbing vehicles for passenger rolling stock.

Known absorbing apparatus with polymer elastic elements for automatic coupling devices of passenger rolling stock [Patent RU 175747, IPC B61G 9/10 (2006.01), priority 03/15/2017, published 12/18/2017, Bull. No. 35] adopted for the prototype, containing a rectangular plate, equipped with a shell with an internal cylindrical surface, coupling bolt, on which are mounted and tightened together with a nut damper, pressure glass and a back-supporting device located inside the shell. The free end of the shell is spaced from the bottom of the pressure cup by the magnitude of the working stroke of the absorbing device, ranging from 70 to 85 mm, and the outer diameter of the cup is larger than the inner diameter of the shell.

The device is characterized by relative simplicity, ease of assembly, and an open reciprocating-retaining device allows you to visually assess its condition without disassembling the absorbing device.

However, the design has several disadvantages. The reversing device is in the pre-compressed state to the initial tightening force, the value of which should be significant, due to the requirements imposed on absorbing devices of this class. This necessitates the use of a tie rod secured to the bottom of the case to provide the necessary strength and reliability. Moreover, such a rod is made of relatively large diameter, which significantly increases the weight of the device. The presence of a tie rod also does not guarantee the stability of the structure, that is, during operation of the absorbing device, when the car collides, the direction of the external force often does not coincide with the longitudinal axis of the device, which causes the pressure absorbing device to tilt, uneven, one-sided, compressing its reciprocating device , and entails damage to both the tie rod and the reciprocating device. Therefore, such an absorbing device with increased efforts on it often loses its stability, as a result of which its service life is reduced. This is especially unacceptable in passenger trains.

In addition, the use of a large diameter clamping rod undoubtedly entails the need for a large internal opening in a reciprocating device consisting of polymer elastic elements to accommodate this rod. In this case, the useful volume of the material of the elastic elements and, accordingly, the energy intensity is reduced, and to achieve the required high energy-intensity indices, it is necessary to apply high hardness polymers, which makes the absorbing apparatus extremely sensitive to fluctuations in operating temperatures, and reduces its reliability and stability.

Therefore, the task of the utility model is to increase the reliability and power consumption of the absorbing apparatus, reduce material costs for its production by eliminating the distortion probability and loss of stability of its reciprocating-supporting device, as well as facilitating the design.

The task is solved by the fact that the absorbing device (Fig. 1-4), comprising a housing (1) formed by a bottom (3) and a throat (2), in which the firing pin (4) is partially located, between which and the bottom (3) The reciprocating device (5) made of elastic-elastic elements (6), while allowing the striker (4) to be immersed inside the neck (2) of the body (1) along the longitudinal axis (O1), has distinctive features: the length (b) of the striker part (4) located inside the neck (2) of the body (1) is longer than (a) the part of the striker (4) protruding behind the body (1), with This shortest distance (s) from the longitudinal axis (O1) to the surface of the neck (2) is greater than the length (a) of the striker portion (4) protruding beyond the body (1).

Such distinctive features allow you to eliminate the possibility of tilting and loss of stability of its reciprocating device, to ensure uniform compression of elastic elements along the longitudinal axis, as well as to ease the design with an exception in the absorbing apparatus of the use, unlike the prototype, a massive tie rod. In addition, the absence of such a rod makes it possible not to make holes in the elastic-elastic elements for its placement and to maximize the use of the properties of their material to achieve high energy intensity. Moreover, such a high energy intensity is also achieved on materials of lesser hardness of elastic elements, which contributes to increasing the stability of the characteristics of the absorbing apparatus in a wide range of operating temperatures.

Additional distinctive features of the utility model aimed at enhancing the effects mentioned above:

- in the striker (4) longitudinal grooves (9) are made, in which the guide clamps (8) are located;

- guide clamps (8) are located in the neck (2) of the body (1) transverse to its longitudinal axis (O1);

- an insert (11) is installed between the striker (4) and the neck (2) of the housing (1);

- centering of the reciprocating device (5) is provided on the inner surfaces of the neck (2) of the housing (1);

- the distance (s) between the protruding ends of the neck (2) of the ends of the guide clamps (8) is preferably equal to the width (S) of the bottom (3) of the housing (1);

- the length (a) of the part of the striker (4) protruding behind the body (1) is from 70 to 100 millimeters.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by illustrations, where in FIG. 1 shows a top view of an absorbing apparatus; in fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the absorbing apparatus in the initial state; in fig. 3 is the same as in FIG. 2, but in the fully compressed state of the reciprocating device of the absorbing apparatus; in fig. 4 shows a side view of the absorbing apparatus of FIG. 2

The absorbing device contains (Fig. 1-4) a hollow body 1 formed by the neck 2 and the bottom 3. On the opposite side of the bottom 3 of the neck 2, the head 4 is located, the length of which protruding from it corresponds to the working stroke of the absorbing device. The length b immersed in the neck 2 of the striker 4 is greater than the length of its protruding part, which ensures a stable position of the striker 4 in the neck 2 along the longitudinal axis O1, which prevents the striker from skewing 4.

Between the striker 4 and the bottom 3 of the housing 1 placed reciprocating-supporting device 5 (Fig. 2, 3), formed from elastic members 6 interleaved with plates 7. Elastic members 6 are made of polyester material, the properties of which ensure the achievement of high energy intensity absorbing apparatus. At the same time, the coupling rod is not used in the design of the utility model, unlike the prototype, which does not require holes in elastic-elastic elements 6 and allows using these material properties as efficiently as possible and significantly reducing both material costs and reducing the weight of the device. The centering of the reciprocating device 5 is carried out on the inner surfaces of the neck 2 with the help of plates 7.

An important distinguishing feature that ensures and ensures high energy intensity and stability of the characteristics of the absorbing apparatus is the need to maintain a ratio at which the shortest distance (Fig. 2) from the longitudinal axis O1 to the inner surface of the neck 2 is longer than that protruding from the neck 2 of the striker 4. Otherwise, the elastic-elastic elements will experience excessive deformation, which can lead to the destruction of their material and the loss of the required characteristics.

Fixing the striker 4 and the reciprocating device 5 in the housing 1, unlike the prototype, is carried out not by a nut, but by guide clamps 8 (Fig. 1-4), which additionally perform the function of direction and stabilization of the striker 4 when it moves inside the neck 2 under the action of an external force Q (Fig. 3). Guide clamps 8 can be made, for example, in the form of fingers, located in nests formed in the housing 1, one end of which protrudes outward, and the other enters into grooves 9 made in the striker 4, which prevents the striker 4 from turning during operation of the absorbing device. It is useful that the distance s between the ends of the guide clamps 8 protruding out of the neck 2 is preferably equal to the width S of the bottom 3. In this case, it is much easier to install the absorbing device into the coupling device of the car and to ensure its stable position in it. Guide clamps 8 can be fixed from falling out by any method known in the art, for example, cotter pins 10.

In order to increase the stability and stability of the striker 4 as it moves inside the neck 2 under the action of an external force Q, it is useful to install an insert 11 of wear-resistant material between them. This insert 11 provides a gapless installation of the striker 4 in the neck 2, prevents the formation of distortions and scoring.

The principle of operation of the absorbing apparatus is based on the fact that when an external force Q (Fig. 3) is applied to the striker 4, the reciprocating device 5 is compressed. At the same time, there is an intense energy absorption by elastic elements 6.

When cessation of the external force Q, the reciprocating device 5 is released, returning the striker 4 to its original position (Fig. 2).

Information sources:

Patent RU 175747, IPC B61G 9/10 (2006.01), priority 03/15/2017, published 12/18/2017, Bull. No. 35 / prototype /.

Claims (7)

1. Absorbing apparatus comprising a body (1) formed by a bottom (3) and a neck (2) in which the firing pin (4) is partially located, between which and the bottom (3) there is a reciprocating retaining device made of elastic elements (6) (5), while providing the possibility of immersing the striker (4) inside the neck (2) of the body (1) along the longitudinal axis (O1), characterized in that the length (b) of the part of the striker (4) located inside the neck (2) of the body (1), more than the length (a) of the striker part (4) protruding beyond the body (1), with the shortest distance (s) from the longitudinal axis (O1) surface of the neck (2) is greater than the length (a) projecting beyond the housing (1) part of the pin (4). 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the striker (4) has longitudinal grooves (9), in which the guide clamps (8) are located. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide clamps (8) are located in the neck (2) of the housing (1) transversely to its longitudinal axis (O1). 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that an insert (11) is installed between the striker (4) and the neck (2) of the housing (1). 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering of the reciprocating support device (5) is provided on the internal surfaces of the neck (2) of the housing (1). 6. The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the distance (s) between the outwardly protruding ends of the retainers (8) protruding from the neck (2) is equal to the width (S) of the bottom (3) of the body (1). 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the length (a) of the striker part (4) protruding beyond the body (1) is from 70 mm to 100 mm.

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