RU165253U1 - ABSORBING DEVICE WITH AN INCREASED TIME OF FAILURE-FREE OPERATION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An absorbing apparatus with an increased uptime, comprising a cup-shaped housing, a pressure cone with a central hole, friction wedges with a support plate, movable and fixed friction plates, and a back-support device located in the form of a bag located between the support plate and the bottom of the housing polymer elastic elements, and friction wedges, movable and fixed friction plates, as well as a package of polymer elastic elements are compressed using a coupling bolt and nut through a pressure cone and bonk the bottom of the case, providing the initial tightening of the absorbing apparatus, prepared for installation in the automatic coupling device of freight cars, characterized in that the angle Q between the pressure cone and the friction wedges is greater than 42 ° but less than 47 °, while the friction bronze inserts are located on the fixed plates. 2 . The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that between the polymer blocks there are even plates 12 without bead holes and flanging.

Description

The utility model relates to railway transport, namely to friction absorbing devices of automatic couplers of freight cars.

Known friction absorbing apparatus [1] containing a case in the form of a glass in which a truncated pressure cone, a pair of friction wedges with a support plate are placed symmetrically to its inner walls, a pair of movable and stationary friction plates, moreover, two are fixed on the fixed plates on both sides ceramic elements, as well as a reciprocating device in the form of a package of polymer elastic elements separated by dividing washers and tightened by a bolt through the central holes available in them. The elastic elements are separated by washers, and another washer is located between the package of polymer elastic elements and the pressure plate. Moreover, the separating washers installed between the elastic elements are made in several thicknesses and are used in a certain quantitative ratio, depending on the tolerance run of the mating parts, combining the function of the adjusting gaskets.

Since the angle between the pressure cone and the friction wedges is relatively large, equal to 47 °, the friction wedges and the fixed plates with cermet elements have an increased shock load and a significant spacing force is created, which acts on the walls of the casing and on the cermet elements, increasing their wear and cracking, which reduces the reliability and energy intensity of the absorbing apparatus as a whole.

At the end of their working stroke, the polymer elastic elements in such a device, due to the relatively short base of their package, experience significant critical deformations and also significantly increase in diameter during compression. This causes the appearance of

time of microcracks in polymer elastic elements and their intensive abrasion on the walls of the body of the absorbing device or on the details of its friction unit, which reduces the durability of the polymer elastic elements and affects the reliability of the absorbing device.

The increased energy intensity is taken by an absorbing apparatus adopted as a prototype of a utility model [2]. It also, like the analogue [1], contains a case in the form of a glass in which a pressure cone is placed, two friction wedges with a pressure plate, two movable and two stationary friction plates on both sides, which also have two ceramic elements welded on, and a retaining device in the form of a package of polymer elastic elements separated by centering plates, and friction wedges, movable and stationary friction plates, as well as a package of polymer elastic elements are compressed with a coupling bolt and nut through the pressure cone and the bonnet of the bottom of the hull, providing the initial tightening of the absorbing apparatus, prepared for installation in the automatic coupler of freight cars.

The disadvantage of this prototype apparatus is that the angle between the pressure cone and the friction wedges is less than 42 °. This creates an increased shock load on the reciprocating device and a significant force acting on the polymer elastic elements, increasing their wear and reducing the reliability of the absorbing apparatus, as well as the use of cermet elements that wear out during operation as well as the analogue [1] and crack, which reduces the reliability of the absorbing apparatus.

In addition, the centering plates are provided with bullet holes and flanges, which are directed in different directions on the centering plates. This is also a disadvantage of this.

technical solution, as causes the appearance of microcracks in polymer elastic elements over time and their intensive abrasion, which reduces the durability, energy consumption of polymer elastic elements and degrades the reliability of the absorbing apparatus.

The technical result, the achievement of which the creation of a utility model is aimed at, is to obtain increased energy intensity of the absorbing apparatus and increase the time of its trouble-free operation, which in turn will reduce the impact on freight cars and increase the duration of their operation before decommissioning.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the absorbing apparatus (Fig. 1), comprising a housing 1 in the form of a cup, a pressure cone 2, friction wedges 3 with a support plate 6, movable 5 and fixed 7 plates with friction bronze inserts, and also located between the support the plate and the bottom of the housing 1 is a reciprocating device in the form of a package of polymer elastic elements 4, moreover, friction wedges 3, movable 5 and fixed 7 plates, as well as a package of polymer elastic elements 4 are compressed with a coupling bolt 9 and nut 10 through n olive with cone 2 and Bonk bottom 11 of the housing 1 providing the primary absorbent tightening device prepared for installation in the automatic coupler freight cars, has the following features:

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing (Fig. 1), which shows an absorbing apparatus in longitudinal section.

The positions in FIG. 1 denote:

1 - housing;

2 - pressure cone;

3 - friction wedge;

4 - polymer elastic element;

5 - movable friction plate;

6 - base plate;

7 - fixed friction plate;

8 - bronze friction inserts;

9 - a coupling bolt;

10 - a nut of a coupling bolt;

11 - bottom bonk;

12 - plates (the remaining plates between the polymer blocks are conventionally not shown).

The absorbing apparatus comprises a housing 1 in the form of a glass in which a pressure cone 2 is placed symmetrically to its inner walls and is in contact with the wedges 3 resting on the base plate 6. The wedges 3 are in contact with the fixed plates 7 and bronze friction inserts 8 fixed in the windows with their lateral surfaces housing 1 (not shown in detail). Between the outer surfaces of the fixed plates 7 and the inner walls of the casing, movable friction plates 5 are installed. Under the base plate 6 there is a reciprocating device in the form of polymer elastic elements 4. The package of polymer elastic elements together with the base plate 6, pressure cone 2 and wedges 3 are pulled together by a bolt 9, brought through the hole in the bonkoy 11 of the housing 1.

The assembly of the absorbing apparatus is carried out taking into account the required length of the package of polymer elastic elements 4 in the preloaded

the state corresponding to the initial tightening of the absorbing apparatus as part of the coupler. In this case, the total length of the polymer elastic elements 4, in the composition of the absorbing apparatus, corresponding to its initial tightening, should exceed at least 3 times its full stroke equal to 110 mm.

The resource tests of the experimental batch of the proposed design of the absorbing apparatuses confirmed their increased uptime, as well as their compliance with the indicators for class T1 absorbing apparatuses.

Information sources:

1. Patent RU 2380257 C2, B61G 9/18, priority 13.1.2007, published 01.27.2010.

2. Patent RU 149492 U1, B61G 9/02, B61G 9/18, F16F 7/08, priority 09/23/2014, published 01/10/2015.

Claims (2)

1. An absorbing apparatus with an increased uptime, comprising a cup-shaped housing, a pressure cone with a central hole, friction wedges with a support plate, movable and fixed friction plates, and a back-support device located in the form of a bag located between the support plate and the bottom of the housing polymer elastic elements, and friction wedges, movable and fixed friction plates, as well as a package of polymer elastic elements are compressed using a coupling bolt and nut through a pressure cone and bonk the bottom of the case, providing the initial tightening of the absorbing apparatus, prepared for installation in the automatic coupling device of freight cars, characterized in that the angle Q between the pressure cone and the friction wedges is more than 42 °, but less than 47 °, while the friction bronze inserts are located on the fixed plates. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that between the polymer blocks there are even plates 12 without bead holes and flanges.

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