RU187351U1 - The simulator-cube with linear and round recesses for classes on the restoration of spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “A simulator-cube with linear and circular recesses for classes on restoration of spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic” relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions. A useful model contains hollow skin made of plastic housing (1), having the shape of a cube, one of the vertices of which smoothly passes into the hollow handle (2), and on each of the faces of the housing (1) there are twelve identical linear recesses (3) and twenty identical round recesses (4), while linear recesses (3) are located on each face of the casing (1) as follows: four central linear recesses (3) are located crosswise along the central axes of the face, and eight lateral linear recesses (3) are located around the perimeter of the face, two on each side of the face , while this arrangement is linear of hollows (3) forms four identical square areas on each face of the body (1), along the diagonals of each of which are five circular grooves (4), and a mark (5) is applied in the center of one of the faces of the body (1). , "Simulator-cube" due to its design features allows you to conduct long-term training courses on the restoration of spatial perception with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands. Declared "simulator-cube" introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into interesting and attractive psychological training for patients.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can find application in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic.

Spatial perception is a person’s ability to perceive the spatial characteristics of the world: the size and shape of objects, as well as their relative position (Wikipedia. Free Encyclopedia. Psychology of space perception, found on November 15, 2018 on the Internet at https: //ru.wikipedia .org / wiki / Space-Perception Psychology).

Like other mental processes in humans, spatial perception is impaired in various diseases of the brain, primarily associated with damage to the tertiary parietal-temporal-occipital departments of the cerebral cortex.

At present, training simulators containing various exercises are used for classes on the restoration of disturbed spatial perception, among which one of the most common is an exercise based on the use of a cube scan image.

For example, the printing simulator “Developing Puzzles” is known, which contains a scan image of a cube, each square of which is divided by lines into geometric figures in the form of rectangles and squares of different colors, and next to it are five images of cubes, on the faces of which contain similar geometric figures. The student needs to find images of cubes that correspond to the presented scan image (Sorokina TB Developing puzzles for children from 7 to 10 years. - SPb .: BHV-Petersburg, 2017 - p. 52).

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when using it for classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) insufficient amount of working material contained in this printing simulator for conducting long courses of rehabilitation education;

b) the lack of the ability to change the degree of difficulty of tasks;

c) the images contained in this printing simulator are intended for classes with children from 7 to 10 years old and therefore can cause a negative reaction in adult patients;

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Magnetic cube simulator for training to restore spatial perception and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 179660 U1, published May 21, 2018).

Structurally, this device consists of a plastic square case, on the faces of which are made recesses of a square shape with metal plates, into which magnetic cards are installed, containing images of any symbols, figures or objects with different spatial orientations.

When conducting classes with this device, work cards with cube scans are also used, in the squares of which there are images similar to images on magnetic cards, according to which the patient needs to install magnetic cards in the recesses of the device.

 The disadvantages of this device when it is used for classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the inconvenience of studying with this device for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, since during the classes it is necessary to install magnetic cards in the recesses of the case;

b) the need to use during classes with this device additional elements in the form of magnetic cards.

In order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, a “cube simulator with linear and circular recesses for classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic” (hereinafter referred to as the “cube simulator”) was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the opportunity to conduct classes with a "cube simulator" for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor;

b) ensuring the convenience of inscribing lines and icons into the recesses of the cube-simulator case, due to the fact that they do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

c) prevention of accidental erasure of lines and icons inscribed in the recesses of the case, due to the fact that the “simulator-cube” is held by the patient by the handle, which allows not to touch the edges of his case during the performance of tasks;

d) the absence of the need to use additional structural elements such as magnetic cards during classes with the “cube simulator”;

e) ensuring the possibility of using a variety of tasks during classes with a "simulator-cube";

f) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term rehabilitation classes;

g) the simplicity of the design of the "cube simulator", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the “Magnetic cube simulator for classes to restore spatial perception and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic,” provided by the structural elements of the inventive “simulator cube” that allows for long-term training courses to restore spatial perception with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the “simulator-cube” contains a hollow casing made of plastic, having the shape of a cube, one of the vertices of which smoothly passes into the hollow handle, and on each of the faces of the casing there are twelve identical linear recesses and twenty identical round recesses, while linear recesses are located on each face of the housing as follows: four central linear recesses are located crosswise along the central axes of the face, and eight lateral linear lubleny located on the perimeter edge, two on each side face, whereby this arrangement of linear recesses forming at each side of the casing four identical square areas on diagonals each of which is located five circular grooves and in the center of one of the housing faces is marked.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, the length of the body rib is 60-100 mm, and the wall thickness is 3-4 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, the handle has a conical shape with a length of 80-120 mm, the diameter at the end of the handle is 25-30 mm, and the wall thickness is 2-4 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, linear recesses have a width of 3-5 mm and a depth of 1-2 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, a “cube simulator” of linear recesses is located along the perimeter of the face, separated from the edges of the face by a distance of 5-7 mm, and linear recesses are separated from each other by a distance of 5-10 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, the diameter of the round recesses is 5-10 mm, and their depth is equal to the depth of the linear recesses.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, linear and circular recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the body.

The essence of the utility model "Trainer-cube with linear and circular recesses for classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "simulator-cube";

In FIG. 2 - view of the "simulator-cube" from the side of the handle;

In FIG. 3-5 - examples of work cards for classes with a "cube simulator".

The inventive "simulator-cube" is a hollow body made of plastic (1), having the shape of a cube, the rib length of which is 60-100 mm, and the wall thickness is 3-4 mm (see Fig. 1, 2).

One of the vertices of the housing (1) smoothly passes into a hollow handle (2) with a length of 80-120 mm, which has a conical shape, the diameter of which at the end of the handle (2) is 25-30 mm, and the wall thickness is 2-4 mm.

On each of the faces of the body (1) of the "cube simulator" are made:

a) twelve linear recesses (3) intended for inscribing lines into them by means of an easily erasable water marker during classes with a “cube simulator”;

b) twenty round recesses (4) intended for inscribing badges, for example, checkmarks, using an easily erasable water marker during training with a “cube simulator”.

Linear recesses (3) are grooves of the same size, 3-5 mm wide and 1-2 mm deep.

Linear recesses (3) are located on each face of the body (1) as follows: 4 (four) central linear recesses (3) are located crosswise along the central (horizontal and vertical) axes of the face of the body (1), and 8 (eight) side linear recesses (3) located along the perimeter of the face, two on each side of the face, at a distance of 5-7 mm from its edges. Moreover, all linear recesses do not intersect and are separated from each other by a distance of 5-10 mm.

This arrangement of linear recesses (3) forms on each face of the body (1) four equally sized square areas, each diagonal of which has 5 (five) round recesses (4), four of which are located at the corners of the square area, and one - in its center.

All round recesses (4) have the same diameter equal to 5-10 mm and the same depth equal to the depth of the linear recesses (3).

To ensure the spatial orientation of the “cube simulator” during the classes, a mark (5) is applied in the center of one of the faces of the body (1), having, for example, the shape of a triangle or arrow.

For a better perception of linear and circular recesses (3, 4) by patients of a neurological clinic, they are highlighted in a color (for example, using paint) that is different from the color of the body (1) of the “cube simulator”.

Thus, the design features of linear and round recesses (3, 4), which are made below the main surface of each face of the body (1), facilitate the process of inscribing lines and icons into them due to the fact that inscribing occurs strictly within the boundaries of linear and round recesses ( 3, 4).

Due to this, conducting classes with a “cube simulator” becomes available for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors.

At the same time, the depth of the linear and circular recesses located on the faces of the body (1) (3, 4) does not prevent the removal of lines and icons inscribed in them with a water marker by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

In the course of training with the “cube simulator”, a set of work cards (6) is used, each of which contains on both sides a flat scan image (7) of the cube in the form of six squares, each of which contains images of linear and circular recesses similar to linear and round recesses (3, 4) on the faces of the body (1) of the “simulator-cube”, and the center of one of the squares of the scan (7) contains a mark image similar to the mark (5) located in the center of one of the faces of the body (1) of the “simulator” -Cuba".

At the same time, work cards (6) have certain differences, providing a variety and various complexity of tasks:

a) work cards (6), on which part of the images of the linear recesses of each scan square (7) is highlighted in dark color;

b) work cards (6), on which part of the images of the circular recesses of each scan square (7) is highlighted in dark color;

c) work cards (6), on which a part of the images of linear and circular recesses of each scan square (7) is highlighted in dark color.

To provide an additional variety of tasks for spatial perception, scan images (7) are presented on work cards (6) in various versions (Cube scan, found November 15, 2018 on the Internet at http://uslide.ru/images/12 /18852/960/img15.jpg).

For storage and transportation of the “simulator-cube” with a set of 30-40 working cards (6), a cover made of plastic or fabric material (not shown in the figures) is used.

The "Cube simulator with linear and circular recesses for classes on restoring spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic" works as follows:

Before the start of the lesson on the restoration of spatial perception, the specialist selects a work card (6), the degree of complexity of which corresponds to the severity of the violation of spatial perception of the patient.

At the initial stages of training, work cards (6) are used on which only images of linear recesses (see Fig. 3) or only images of round recesses (see Fig. 4) are selected, which are simpler compared to work cards (6) on which the images of linear and circular recesses are highlighted simultaneously (see Fig. 5).

In addition, the degree of complexity of the working card (6) depends on the total number of linear and circular recesses highlighted in dark color in the scan squares (7) of the cube.

Then the patient, holding the “simulator-cube” with one hand by the handle (2), looking at the dark-colored images of linear or round recesses on the scan (7) of the work card (6), selects with the marker the corresponding linear or round recesses (3, 4) on the sides of the case (1) of the “cube simulator” by inscribing with a water marker lines in the linear recesses (3) or check mark icons, in round recesses (4).

At the same time, the patient starts the task with the face of the body (1) of the “cube simulator” containing the label (5), the linear or round recesses (3, 4) of which he highlights with lines or icons in accordance with the location of the dark or linear recessed images in the scan square (7) containing the image of the label.

After completing the task for patients, the specialist checks the correctness of its implementation, after which all lines or icons inscribed by the patient in linear or circular recesses (3, 4) of the body (1) of the “cube simulator” are removed with a sponge to erase water markers.

Next, the above sequence of actions is repeated with another work card (6).

Along with the use of a "cube simulator" for classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic, it can be widely used in the following cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired formation of spatial perception;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developing game simulator intended for the development and training of spatial perception in healthy children.

Thus, the “Cube simulator with linear and circular recesses for classes on restoring spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic” due to its design features allows long-term training courses on restoring spatial perception with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors.

The inventive "simulator-cube" introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into interesting and attractive psychological training for patients.

Claims (6)

1. A cube simulator with linear and circular recesses for training to restore spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a hollow body made of plastic, having a cube shape, one of the peaks of which smoothly passes into a hollow handle, and on each of There are twelve identical linear recesses and twenty identical circular recesses in the faces of the body, with linear recesses located on each face of the body as follows: four central linear corners the bastings are located crosswise along the central axes of the face, and eight lateral linear recesses are located along the perimeter of the face, two on each side of the face, while this arrangement of linear recesses forms four identical square areas on each face of the body, five of which are located on the diagonals of each round recesses, and in the center of one of the faces of the case marked. 2. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the body rib is 60-100 mm, and the wall thickness is 3-4 mm. 3. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle has a conical shape with a length of 80-120 mm. 4. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear recesses have a width of 3-5 mm and a depth of 1-2 mm. 5. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the round recesses is 5-10 mm, and their depth is equal to the depth of the linear recesses. 6. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear and circular recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the body.

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