RU155137U1 - AXIAL-ROTOR THRESHING-SEPARATING DEVICE FOR CLEANING MIXED SEEDS OF GRAIN SPIN AND CEREBE CROPS - Google Patents

Abstract

Axial-rotor threshing and separating device for harvesting mixed crops of cereal and leguminous crops, including a rotor with a blade inlet part and a separating casing, characterized in that the rotor is made in the form of two repeating parts of the working bodies, each of which includes a threshing and separating sections, and the separating rotating casing is divided into two sections with the associated rotation in the first zone and opposite rotation relative to the rotor in the second, each section having its own drive rotated ia with an individual group of support rollers.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, and in particular to devices for harvesting mixed crops consisting of cereal crops and leguminous crops.

The axial-rotary threshing-separating device (AR MSU) with the supply and movement of the threshed mass along the axis of the device consists of a rotating rotor and a separating deck, which can be stationary or have rotation. The crop mass cut off or picked up from the rolls from the inclined chamber enters the conical inlet part and is sent to the gap between the rotor blades and the casing, starting to move in a spiral. In the cylindrical part of the AR MSU, the mass moves along a helix in the space between the rotor and the deck. Under the impact of the pests of the threshing part of the rotor, threshing occurs and the separation of small grain heaps through the holes of the deck begins. With further movement of the threshed mass to the separating part of the automatic control system of the local self-government, the selection of free grain is completed there. The non-grain part of the crop is formed at the exit from the local self-government. (Klenin N.I., Sakun V.A. Agricultural and land reclamation machines - M .: Kolos, 1994 - 751 p.)

Also known is a patent for an invention of an axial-rotary threshing-separating group of mechanisms of a combine harvester (Patent RU No. 2449531).

The axial-rotor threshing-separating group of mechanisms of the combine harvester includes a rotor and a deck located with an eccentricity with respect to its axis of rotation, consisting of a threshing and separating sections. When working with a group of mechanisms, the grain mass is threshed with the scourges of the rotor in the first section. At the same time, a large part of the small grain pile from the threshing space is released. The final selection of grain occurs under the influence of the separating plates of the rotor in the second separating section of the device. After separation of the fine grain heap, the separated mass is removed from the threshing and separating device. Drive elements provide rotation of the threshing and separating sections of the deck relative to the rotor and each other in any direction with arbitrary speeds.

This design of the AR MSU cannot solve the problem of harvesting mixed crops of ears of corn and leguminous crops, for example, lupine and triticale, since the technological properties of the crops are too different. For example, to clean the triticale according to agrotechnically acceptable requirements, it is necessary: the linear speed of the rotor pests is 30-34 m / s, and accordingly for the white lupine, 15-18 m / s.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to obtain high-quality grain material corresponding to agrotechnical requirements when harvesting mixed crops of grain crops with various technological properties.

The technical result of the utility model is the reduction of macro and microdamage of legumes and cereal crops with allowable losses.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the axial-rotary threshing-separating device for harvesting mixed crops of cereal and leguminous crops including a rotor with a paddle inlet area and a separating casing, the rotor made in two parts, each of which includes a threshing and separating part. The separating rotating casing is also divided into two separate sections in accordance with the technological elements of the rotor. In the first part (zone A) with the associated rotation of the casing relative to the rotor, a slow movement of mass along the ISU with a less intense effect of the working elements of the rotor is provided. Earlier separation of threshed grain is provided by the presence of separating holes in the casing from the moment the mass enters the device, which reduces the damage to the legume grain. In this case, the gaps between the rotor and the casing are increased, i.e. correspond to the regimes of harvesting leguminous crops. The impact speed of the rotor pests on the threshed mass is reduced by an amount corresponding to the speed of rotation of the casing. Such technological parameters for the first part of the AR MSU ensure the fulfillment of agrotechnically acceptable requirements for harvesting legumes, as well as partial threshing and separation of cereal crops.

In the second part (zone B), the casing has an opposite rotation relative to the rotor, which ensures the final intensive threshing and separation of spike crops. In this case, the gaps between the rotor and the casing are reduced. The impact speed of the rotor pests on the threshed mass increases by an amount corresponding to the speed of rotation of the casing. Such technological parameters of the local self-government comply with the agrotechnically acceptable requirements for harvesting cereal crops.

The device is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1. schematically shows a General view of an axial-rotary threshing-separating device. In FIG. 2 section of local self-government according to AA. In FIG. 3 section of the local self-government according to BB.

The axial-rotor threshing-separating device for harvesting mixed crops of cereal and leguminous crops includes a rotor 1 with a paddle inlet area and two successive parts of the working bodies 2 and 3. The first part of the rotor 2 includes a threshing area with pests 4 and a separating one with screw bars 5. The second part 3 similarly to the first part includes a threshing area with pests 6 and separating with screw bars 7. Throughout the entire length of the rotor 1, including its inlet region, is covered by a separating casing, which divided into two sections (zones A and zone B). Each of them has its own rotation drive and is based on two groups of support rollers. The final part of the separation casing section (zone B) is included in the straw part 8 of the device.

The device operates as follows. The processed mass from the inclined chamber enters the entrance area of the AR MSU. Under the influence of the blades of the rotor 1 and the guides of the casing, it acquires a spiral motion. At the same time, a significant part of the legume culture is threshed. At the same time, the process of separation of free grain through the holes of the conical part of the casing in zone A begins, which reduces grain damage. The remaining grain is threshed by pests 4 of the rotor 1 of the first zone A. The complete selection of free grain of the bean culture through the holes of the casing of zone A occurs when the impact of the separating strips 5 of the rotor 1. Since the direction of rotation of the rotor 1 and the casing of the first zone A coincide, the intensity of the impact reduced, which excludes damage to the beans. In addition, the gaps between the rotor 1 and the casing are set to the mode of harvesting legumes, i.e. enlarged. The impact speed of the pests of the rotor 1 on the threshed mass decreases by an amount corresponding to the speed of rotation of the casing. Such technological parameters for the first part of the LSG provide agrotechnically acceptable requirements for the harvesting of leguminous crops, as well as partial threshing and separation of cereal crops.

In zone B, the casing has an opposite rotation relative to the rotor 1. Due to this, the speed of impact of the pests 6 and the separating strips 7 of the rotor 1 against the threshed mass increases by an amount corresponding to the speed of rotation of the casing. In this case, the gaps between the scourges 6 and the strips 7 in the second part of the rotor 1 and the separating casing are reduced. Such technological parameters of the local self-government ensure complete grinding and separation of grain of the cereal grain crop. The remaining straw part is removed from the device through the straw part 8.

Output. The proposed utility model will allow to obtain high-quality grain material when harvesting mixed crops of crops with various technological properties.

Claims (1)

Axial-rotary threshing and separating device for harvesting mixed crops of cereal and leguminous crops, including a rotor with a blade inlet part and a separating casing, characterized in that the rotor is made in the form of two repeating parts of the working bodies, each of which includes a threshing and separating sections, and the separating rotating casing is divided into two sections with the associated rotation in the first zone and opposite rotation relative to the rotor in the second, each section having its own drive rotated ia with an individual group of support rollers.

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