RU155136U1 - DIFFERENTIAL AXIAL-ROTOR THRESHING-SEPARATING DEVICE FOR CLEANING MIXED SEEDS OF GRAIN SPIN AND CEREBE CROPS - Google Patents

Abstract

Differential axial-rotor threshing and separating device for harvesting mixed crops of cereal and leguminous crops, including a rotor and a separating casing, characterized in that two sections of the rotor are installed inside the separating casing with a tangential inlet, having threshing and separating parts located on a common axis rotation and equipped with autonomous drives of each of them.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, and in particular to devices for harvesting mixed crops consisting of cereal crops and leguminous crops.

The axial-rotary threshing-separating device (AR MSU) with the supply and movement of the threshed mass along the axis of the device consists of a rotating rotor and a separating deck, which can be stationary or have rotation. The crop mass cut off or picked up from the rolls from the inclined chamber enters the inlet part and is helically directed into the gap between the rotor and the deck. The mass moves along a helix in the space between the rotor and the deck. Under the impact of the pests of the threshing part of the rotor, threshing occurs and the separation of small grain heaps through the holes of the deck begins. With further movement of the threshed mass to the separating part of the automatic control system of the local self-government, the selection of free grain is completed there. The non-grain part of the crop is formed at the exit from the local self-government. (Klenin N.I., Sakun V.A. Agricultural and land reclamation machines - M .: S 29 Kolos, 1994 - 751 p.)

However, according to AR LSG it is not possible to harvest mixed crops of ears of cereal and leguminous crops, as the technological properties of crops are too different. For example, in order to clean triticale according to agrotechnically acceptable requirements, it is necessary: linear speed of rotor pests 32-34 m / s, and accordingly for white lupine, 15-18 m / s.

The copyright certificate “Threshing apparatus for threshing peas of milk-wax ripeness” is known (Copyright certificate No. 120386).

The apparatus consists of two beater drums, external and internal, placed on a common axis and rotating in the same direction at different speeds. The impact of the beaters on the mass located between the reels, gradually increases in proportion to the distance from the input part. For this, both drums have the shape of truncated cones with the same slope. This threshing machine can be used when harvesting one crop with different ripening periods.

However, this design cannot solve the problem of harvesting mixed sowing of ears of corn and leguminous crops, for example, lupine and triticale on seed material, since the technological properties of the crops are too different. Therefore, the technological settings of the threshing apparatus of a combine harvester for harvesting these should be different.

The objective of the utility model is to obtain high-quality grain material corresponding to agrotechnical requirements when harvesting mixed crops of crops with various technological properties.

The technical result of the utility model is the reduction of macro and microdamage of legumes and ears of crops with acceptable losses.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the harvesting of mixed crops of cereal and leguminous crops is carried out using a differential axial-rotor threshing-separating device, in which the rotor with a tangential entry part consists of two separately rotating sections, each of which includes a threshing and separating parts. The separating casing covers the rotor along its entire length. The first rotor section is set not a high rotation speed corresponding to the threshing of leguminous crops. The threshing part provides threshing of the leguminous crop, and separating its complete selection through openings in the casing.

The second section of the rotor has an increased rotation speed corresponding to the threshing of cereal crops. Due to this, the layer of the threshed mass is pulled apart, which improves the process of grain separation. In this case, the threshing part of the second rotor section provides the final threshing of the cereal grain crop, and the separating part of its full selection.

Such technological parameters of a differential axial-rotary threshing-separating device provide agrotechnically acceptable requirements for harvesting legumes in the first section and cereal crops in the second section.

The device is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a General view of the differential axial rotary threshing and separating device. In FIG. 2 section along section AA. In FIG. 3 section along the section BB.

The differential axial rotary threshing and separating device (DAR MSU) (Fig. 1), for harvesting mixed crops of cereal and leguminous crops, includes a lead-in part 1 of the casing with a tangential feed of the treated mass, two sections of the rotor located on a common axis. The first section has a threshing 2 and separating 3 parts. The separating part of the casing 4, covers both sections of the rotor along their entire length. The second rotor section also has a threshing 5 and separating 6 parts. Rotor sections have different rotational speeds. The drive of the first section of the rotor is carried out through the pulley 7, and the second - 8. The final part of the casing is a straw removal device 9.

The device operates as follows. The plant mass, through the inlet part of the casing 1, is captured by the pests of the threshing part 2 of the first section of the rotor and threshed in the "soft" mode of operation, which is typical for leguminous crops. In this case, the threshed plant mass receives a helical motion in the space between the rotor and the casing 4. After the grains from the beans are separated in the separating part of the rotor 3, they are finally extracted through the holes of the casing 4. The first rotor section due to the drive 7 has a low rotation speed W ₁ ( Fig. 2), the corresponding threshing of leguminous crops.

The remaining grain mass, moving, falls into the coverage area of the second section of the rotor. Complete grinding and separation of the cereal crops is ensured by the increased speed W ₂ (Fig. 3), the movement of pests 5 and separation strips 6 located on the second section of the rotor. The second rotor section also has an independent drive 8. After threshing and isolating the grain of the spike crop, the plant mass is removed from the device through the straw-removing part of the casing 9.

Output. The proposed utility model will allow to obtain high-quality grain material when harvesting mixed crops of crops with significantly different technological properties.

Claims (1)

Differential axial-rotor threshing and separating device for harvesting mixed crops of cereal and leguminous crops, including a rotor and a separating casing, characterized in that two sections of the rotor are installed inside the separating casing with a tangential inlet, having threshing and separating parts located on a common axis rotation and equipped with autonomous drives of each of them.

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