RU130775U1 - COMBINED SOIL PROCESSING AND SEEDING UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

Combined tillage and sowing unit containing a semi-mounted tillage part, consisting of a frame supported by support wheels, on which are mounted interchangeable working bodies, including disk and flat-cutting working bodies; a packer roller installed behind the cutting tools, and a combined seeder, including seed boxes, seed tubes, characterized in that the seeder is mounted on a semi-mounted frame of the tillage unit, the seed boxes are divided into sections, the number of which is equal to the number of plane cutting tools, and the seeder is equipped with vibrators, mounted on racks of seed tubes, and seed distributors for continuous sowing of seeds of various crops.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and is designed to simultaneously perform pre-sowing tillage and sowing in one pass of the unit, as well as basic tillage with stubble conservation or its grinding and steam treatment.

Known combined tillage unit (A.S. No. 2108014 C1 MPK A01B 49/02), comprising a frame with an attachment and support wheels and sequentially mounted on the frame disk batteries placed at an angle to the transverse line of the unit, plane-cutting legs and a roller.

The disadvantage of this unit is its narrow specialization: it is intended only for basic tillage without stubble preservation. When using this machine, the sowing and application of mineral fertilizers (analogue) is not carried out simultaneously.

Known combined tillage sowing machine (A.S. No. 2161391 C2 MPK A01B 49/06), which contains two parts: a loosening mounted and sowing trailer. On the frame of the first, disk batteries, paws, openers, a mulching drum with disks equipped with rods with teeth and a spiral roller are sequentially located. On the second part there are disk coulters, a seed box with sowing devices and a drive from a press drum, behind which there is a loop for leveling the surface of the field.

The disadvantage of this machine is the lack of maneuverability due to the large length.

Known opener patent R.F. No. 2271646 (Authors: N.P. Borovinsky, A.P. Goloshchapov, R.S. Rakhimov, O.A. Ponomareva), including a cultivating lancet paw, a hollow stand - the vas deferens, a vibrator and a seed distributor in the form of a pipe with a longitudinal slit in its back wall for the release of seeds.

The disadvantage is the highly specialized use of the coulter only for the implementation of the technological process of sowing crops.

The closest in technical solution and the achieved result is a combined tillage and sowing unit (Pat. No. 2441357 C1 MPK A01B 49/06), which includes a semi-mounted tillage part, consisting of a frame resting on wheels, a hitch and sequentially located working bodies: disk and flat-cutting working bodies in the form of cultivating lancet paws, a packer roller, as well as the trailer part of the machine containing a trailed seeder including seed and fertilizer boxes with seed and fertilizers sowing apparatus, seven pipelines, ensuring the delivery of seeds and fertilizers to the coulters (prototype).

The disadvantage of the combined tillage and sowing unit is the lack of versatility and maneuverability, as well as increased metal consumption.

The purpose of the proposed utility model is to increase versatility and maneuverability, as well as reduce metal consumption.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the combined tillage and sowing unit containing a semi-mounted tillage part, including a frame supported by support wheels, on which are mounted interchangeable working bodies, including disk and flat-cutting working bodies; a packer roller mounted behind the cutting tools and a combined seeder, including seed boxes, seed tubes, unlike the prototype, the combined seeder is mounted on a semi-mounted frame of a soil cultivating unit, the seed boxes are divided into sections by partitions, the number of which is equal to the number of plane cutting tools, and the seeder vibrators installed on racks of seed tubes and seed distributors for successful sowing of seeds of various crops and fertilizers.

The installation of a combined seeder on a semi-mounted frame of a soil cultivating and sowing unit allows increasing versatility by expanding the technological capabilities of the unit and its maneuverability when performing technological operations, as well as reducing metal consumption.

Equipping the unit with seed boxes, the number of sections of which is equal to the number of flat-cutting working bodies, vibrators and seed distributors allows surface treatment of the soil, both with and without stubble conservation, while sowing both seeds of cereal crops in a continuous way and sowing balanced feed mixtures with the possibility of autonomous seeding of various components of mixtures with the possibility of autonomous seeding of various components of mixtures in adjacent rows with different seeding rates.

As a result of the patent search, the combination of distinctive features of the claimed technical solution was not revealed, which confirms the compliance of the utility model with the criterion of "novelty."

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a universal combined tillage-sowing unit, top view.

Figure 2 presents the scheme of the unit, side view.

Figure 3 presents a diagram of a plane-cutting paw with a seed distributor, a hollow rack - seed tube and vibrator.

The combined tillage and sowing unit includes a frame 1 (Fig. 1), on which a device 2 for aggregation with a tractor attachment is placed, vane type 3 wheels located in the front of the frame and used to unload the tractor attachment, pneumatic supporting wheels 4 located in the back of the frame and serving to control the depth of processing, sowing and transporting the unit, as well as sequentially located working bodies: disk working bodies 5, plane-cutting working bodies 6 in the form of a stump lancet lancet paws, above which the seed boxes 7 are placed, divided by partitions 8 into sections, the number of which is equal to the number of lancet paws. Each paw is mounted on a spring strut 10 (Fig. 2), on the back of which an external strut 11 (Fig. 2, 3) is installed with a vertical hollow strut placed inside - a vas deferens 12 (Fig. 3), on the upper end of which there is a vibrator 13 and at the bottom - a seed distributor 14 with a longitudinal slit, performing the role of a sowing apparatus and making oscillatory movements relative to the center 15 (figure 3). The vertical hollow rack-vas deferens 12 is connected to the section of the seed box elastic vas deferens 16 (Fig.2, 3). Behind the flat-cutting working bodies mounted packer roller 9 (figure 1).

Combined tillage and sowing unit works as follows. For sowing monocultures in all sections of seed boxes 7 the seeds of one culture are poured. The regulation of the seeding rate is carried out simultaneously by the operating modes of all vibrators 13. For sowing balanced feed mixtures, individual components of the mixture are filled in separate sections of seed boxes 7. The regulation of the seeding rate is carried out autonomously by the operating modes of each vibrator 13 separately. When the unit moves across the field, the disk working oranes 5 produce stubble peeling to a depth of 5-6 cm with partial cutting of weeds. Plane-cutting working bodies 6 in the form of cultivating lancet paws provide loosening of the soil and cutting of the root system of weeds to a depth of 6-8 cm, depending on the depth of seed placement. In the process of sowing grain crops, seeds from seed boxes 7 enter the seed distributor 14, during vibration of which they are evenly distributed under the soil layer in a continuous way. When sowing balanced feed mixtures, the individual components are autonomously seeded in a continuous way, each in a row with a given seeding rate.

The packer roller 9 aligns the grooves from the racks of the lancet cultivator paws, mulches the soil layer into small fractions and carries out the rolling of the sowing.

Depending on the production situation, the unit can be reconfigured to perform a given process. In addition to a range of works to combat weed vegetation in a steam field and autumn tillage while stubble is preserved or chopped, it can perform both monoculture sowing and balanced fodder mixtures.

Thus, the use of this unit allows not only to expand the range of its use in the complex of technological operations, but also to increase its maneuverability and metal consumption.

Claims (1)

Combined tillage and sowing unit containing a semi-mounted tillage part, consisting of a frame supported by support wheels, on which are mounted interchangeable working bodies, including disk and flat-cutting working bodies; a packer roller installed behind the cutting tools, and a combined seeder, including seed boxes, seed tubes, characterized in that the seeder is mounted on a semi-mounted frame of the tillage unit, the seed boxes are divided into sections, the number of which is equal to the number of plane cutting tools, and the seeder is equipped with vibrators, mounted on racks of seed tubes, and seed distributors for continuous sowing of seeds of various crops.

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