RU147013U1 - Soil processing machine for band soil treatment - Google Patents
Soil processing machine for band soil treatment Download PDFInfo
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- RU147013U1 RU147013U1 RU2014120579/13U RU2014120579U RU147013U1 RU 147013 U1 RU147013 U1 RU 147013U1 RU 2014120579/13 U RU2014120579/13 U RU 2014120579/13U RU 2014120579 U RU2014120579 U RU 2014120579U RU 147013 U1 RU147013 U1 RU 147013U1
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- tillage machine
- tillage
- cutting
- machine
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquids Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solids Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052500 inorganic minerals Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011707 minerals Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000000056 organs Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reactions Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 15
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 8
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000004544 DC2 Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000208818 Helianthus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001236653 Lavinia exilicauda Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002530 ischemic preconditioning Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixtures Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010904 stalk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005940 Centaurea cyanus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004385 Centaurea cyanus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001177 Vas Deferens Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essences Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reactions Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation methods Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
The technical field to which the utility model relates.
The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to tillage machines and can be used for strip (row) tillage.
State of the art
The linear in-line tillage technology is an alternative to zero tillage (“no till”, “no till”), in which only a narrow strip of sowing (15-25 cm) is processed, with the formation of a small ridge. And about two-thirds of the field remains untreated. This treatment allows you to reduce the cost of tillage by 2-3 times. It is mainly used for row crops (corn, sunflower, beets), as well as soy. Moreover, sowing can be carried out with conventional (not stubble) seeders in loosened strips.
The technology of linear cultivation can be applied with traditional or minimal tillage. For example, in the autumn, producing not deep (by 5-6 cm) continuous disking of the soil, but in the spring, strip tillage to a depth of 15-25 cm at the same time as fertilizing and sowing.
The formed crest of the cultivated soil warms up and dries faster, which allows for earlier sowing. In fields where the technique can’t temporarily stop due to stagnant waterlogging and slow soil warming, this advantage is much stronger and becomes a decisive factor in the introduction of this technology in more northern areas where corn and sunflower are not grown for grain.
An important advantage of this technology is that along with loosening, it is possible to simultaneously apply fertilizer under the seed, to a depth of 20-30 cm, or even at two levels, different fertilizers so that during growth the plant reaches the first level after 15 days, and the second after 45 days. Thanks to this, the plant can receive top dressing when it is especially necessary for it, during the period of active growth and when the crop is formed. At the same time, a powerful root system is formed in the plant.
The most important factor in the introduction of strip processing technology is the reduction in the cost of tillage, since most of the field is not cultivated. Due to the use of combinations of different working bodies on stripping units that cut and harvest plant debris, deeply loosen and crumble the soil, form a furrow and pack and all this in one pass, it becomes possible to perform only one soil treatment operation (usually in autumn ) For implements with a working width of 5.6 m (8 rows with a row spacing of 70 cm), a power of 150-200 l / s is sufficient with just one pass, which ensures high productivity and profitability in preparing the soil.
And thanks to the possibility of strip tillage with the simultaneous application of fertilizers under the root system of plants, new prospects for the application of precision farming technology are revealed while increasing the efficiency of using mineral fertilizers.
Known design solutions of various agricultural machines that implement such a strip technology of soil treatment.
A device for strip tillage is known (RF application for invention No. 94026089, class IPC A01B 79/00, A01B 49/02, publ. 05/20/1996), which contains the first cutting means for cutting furrows in the soil along the strip section during movement devices for tillage; a cultivator located behind said first cutting means and means for selectively setting a cultivator in a furrow while moving said soil cultivating device. The device also includes first pressure means for maintaining pressure on the soil in the lateral direction and directly above said cultivator; means for turning the loose soil on each side surface of the specified cultivator inward towards each other. The device may further comprise a second pressure means located after said turning means for tamping the closed furrow of the removed soil.
A disadvantage of the known device for strip processing of the soil is the insufficient quality of soil preparation for sowing, due to the absence of a row cleaner, for example, rotary. It is not always advisable to just cut off plant debris, because under certain conditions (loose soil, very moist and hard debris of corn stalks, blunting a disk knife, etc.), plant debris can be pressed into the soil, fall under the working bodies of the seeder and mixed with seeds when sowing. As a result, sowing will not be of high quality.
The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result is a tillage and sowing unit (RF patent for the invention No. 2204891, class IPC A01B 49/06, publ. 05.27.2003), which contains a frame mounted on the support wheels. A hopper is mounted on the frame, connected by the vas deferens with the coulters. The coulters are made in the form of lancet paws with dumps and levelers. Behind the levelers are mounted cylindrical packer rollers and cultivators. All working bodies form a lined row with a width of L / 20,1L, where L is 450-500 mm. The distance between the rows in accordance with the axis of the seed tape is L0,1L. Rippers are made in the form of spring teeth.
A disadvantage of the known device is the insufficient productivity of tillage, due to the need to carry out several additional operations for tillage. The impossibility of deep tillage to a depth of 20-30 cm, the absence of a cutting unit and a row cleaner reduces the possibility of productive work with a large number of plant residues. Also, the absence of the possibility of simultaneous application of bulk or liquid fertilizers with the soil treatment in this prototype does not allow for maximum productivity and, accordingly, high efficiency of this implement.
Utility Model Disclosure
The objective of the utility model is to create a device that allows implementing the strip tillage technology with sufficient performance.
The technical result is to increase the productivity of tillage, which in turn provides an improvement in the quality of tillage.
The specified technical result is achieved in that the tillage machine for strip tillage contains a frame mounted on the support wheels, on which the rolling and loosening working bodies are mounted, all working bodies form a lined row, and on the frame on the parallelogram copying unit there is a section on which the working machine organs; moreover, the soil cultivating machine further comprises a working unit for cleaning the row, which is configured to adjust the height, width of the treatment and / or pressure to the soil; a cutting tool for cutting plant debris and cutting a furrow in the soil; as well as a furrow-forming working body.
The row cleaning working body may be a rotary row cleaner having disks mounted to each other at an angle with cutouts in the form of rays bent forward, backward, or at right angles.
The cutting tool can be a circular knife, the disk of which is made wavy, straight or cut.
The ripper working body may be a cultivator stand or a subsoiler rack. A tube for supplying liquid and / or solid mineral fertilizers can additionally be attached to the stand of the cultivator or subsoiler.
A tube for supplying liquid and / or solid mineral fertilizers can additionally be attached to the cutting tool.
A groove-forming working body can be a pair of vertically arranged wavy, straight, cut or spherical disks with the possibility of changing their angle of attack and processing width.
The presser working body can be a ribbed, tubular, chain or combination roller.
The working bodies can be installed in the following order: a cutting working body, followed by a working body for cleaning the row, then a loosening and furrow-forming working body, and the last rolling working body, and the rolling working body is removable.
The working bodies can be installed in the following order: the working body for cleaning the row, followed by the cutting working body, then the loosening working body, after the working body forming the furrows, and the last working body, and the working working body is removable.
To copy the topography of the soil, the cutting working body can be combined with one or two support wheels of the section.
For feeding and applying liquid fertilizers, a fertilizer tank can be additionally located on the frame of the tillage machine.
To make solid loose fertilizers on the frame of the tillage machine, an additional hopper with a metering and feeding device can be additionally located.
To reduce the removal of moist soil upward during spring treatment, at least one cutting working body can be installed instead of a ripping working tool.
For simultaneous tillage and sowing, the tillage machine can additionally be equipped with a hitch for coupling a seeder for row crops.
To simplify the design, the working bodies of the machine can be installed directly on the frame of the tillage machine.
Brief Description of the Drawings
In FIG. 1-2 shows a General view of the tillage machine for strip tillage.
In FIG. 3-6 shows a section of a tillage machine with working bodies.
In FIG. 7-9 show the types of working bodies of a tillage machine for strip tillage.
In FIG. 10-11 shows a general view of a tillage machine with a tank and a fertilizer hopper.
The following notations are used in the figures: working bodies: cutting 1, for cleaning row 3, ripping 4, forming grooves 5, rolling 6; copy parallelogram assembly 7 with spring 8, section 9 housing, bracket for fastening and adjusting the working body, frame 11 with support wheels 12, section 13 with the support wheel 2, hydraulic cylinders 14 for folding the frame, coupling device 15, markers 16, hopper 17 for solid (bulk) fertilizer, fertilizer spreader 18, screw fertilizer loader 19, liquid fertilizer tank 20, fertilizer tube 21.
Utility Model Implementation
The tillage machine for strip tillage consists of a frame 11, section 11 is made on the frame 11 on the parallelogram copying unit 7, on which the working bodies of the machine are located: for cleaning row 3; cutting 1; cultivator 4; forming furrows 5 and rolling 6. Section 13 also contains supporting wheels 2.
Cutting 1 working body (for example, a circular knife) is designed to cut plant debris and cut the furrow in the soil. The shape of the cutting disc may be different, the disc may be wavy, straight, notched, etc. An additional tube 21 can be attached to the cutting tool 1 for feeding liquid and / or solid mineral fertilizers (see Fig. 9).
The working body for cleaning row 3 has the ability to adjust the height, width of the treatment and / or pressure to the soil. For example, a rotary row cleaner can be used (RF patent for utility model No. 141010) having discs mounted to each other at an angle with cutouts in the form of rays bent forward, backward, or at right angles.
The loosening 4 working body is a cultivator stand or a subsoiler stand, a tube 21 for supplying liquid and / or solid mineral fertilizers can additionally be attached to the stand (see Fig. 5, 7, 8).
The working element forming a furrow 5 is intended for forming a clear furrow of a desired width and is a pair of vertically arranged wavy (or straight, or notched, or spherical) disks with the possibility of changing their angle of attack and processing width.
The working tool 6, which comes in, is a roller (ribbed, tubular, chain, combined, etc.) with a width approximately equal to the width of the processed strip, for example 10-40 cm.
The sequence of working bodies can be different, for example, cutting 1 working body is located first, followed by a working body for cleaning row 3, then a loosening 4 and forming furrows 5, and the last 6 working tool, which can be removable.
The working bodies can also be installed in the following order: a working body for cleaning row 3, followed by a cutting 1 working body, then a loosening 4 working body, after 5 a working body forming furrows, and the last 6 working body, and the working body can be rolled made removable.
To copy the topography of the soil, the cutting 1 working body can be combined with one or two support wheels of the 2 sections (see Fig. 3).
For feeding and applying liquid fertilizers on the frame 11 of the tillage machine additionally (see Fig. 10) a fertilizer tank 20 can be located (with a pump, regulator, hoses, tubes, etc., which are not shown in Fig. 10).
If it is necessary to make solid bulk fertilizers on the frame 11 of the tillage machine additionally (see Fig. 11), a hopper 17 with a metering and feeding device (by gravity or air flow) through flexible pipelines (hoses) to the racks of the cultivator or to the cultivator can be located ( Fig. 11 is not shown).
To reduce the removal of moist soil upward during spring treatment, at least one cutting 1 working body (corrugated or straight or notched vertical disc) can be installed instead of a cultivating 4 working body (cultivator or deep-ripper strut).
For simultaneous tillage and sowing, the tillage machine can be additionally equipped with a coupling device 15 for coupling the seeder for row crops (see Fig. 10-11).
To simplify the design, the working bodies of the machine can be installed directly on the frame of the tillage machine (see Fig. 10-11).
Tillage machine for strip tillage works as follows.
The tillage machine connected to the tractor through a three-point linkage in a mounted version or through a tow hitch in a trailed version is transported to the place of work and lowered to the soil. The required working depth is previously set for the cultivating 4 working body through the support wheels of the 2 sections (mounted version) by their raising - lowering or through the supporting wheels of the 12 frame (trailed version). The depth of processing by other working bodies is set and changed by adjusting the action of the springs or holes on these bodies.
Further, when moving a tractor with a tillage machine, the working bodies are deepened and their work.
The working body for cleaning row 3 is deepened by 3-6 cm and rotates from adhesion to the soil. Its discs push apart plant debris 15–25 cm wide, and due to slots in the discs, the soil wakes up through them.
Next, cutting 1 working body, tuned to a depth of 5-12 cm, cuts plant debris located in the soil, thereby facilitating the path of the next working body - cultivating 4 (plow or cultivator stand), which deeply loosens the soil to a depth of 15-45 cm. At the same time, liquid or loose mineral fertilizers or organic fertilizers to a depth of 10-30 cm can be supplied through a tube 21 attached to the subsoiler stand (or cultivator stand).
Further, the working organ that forms the furrows 5 with the help of two disks located vertically forms a clear furrow and with a small angle of attack, by expanding in the front and narrowing at the back (in the direction of travel), it can fill the soil into the groove that was raised by the plow (or cultivator).
The last is a working tool 6, which compacts loosened soil and, depending on the shape of the roller, can form a ridge or a flat strip.
After this treatment, sowing in the treated strips with a conventional row seeder is possible.
The use of the declared tillage machine is very effective under certain conditions: loose soil, very moist and hard remains of corn stalks, blunting of a circular knife, etc. So that the plant residues are not pressed into the soil after they are cut, it is much more convenient and efficient to first spread the plant residues, and cut the ones in the soil with a cutting tool (circular knife). In addition, the working unit for cleaning the row cleans a wide strip of plant residues and these residues will not fall under the working bodies of the seeder and will not be mixed with seeds during sowing, which will provide better sowing.
Also, in some cases, for greater compactness (shorter length) of the machine for strip tillage, all the necessary working bodies can be placed on one section on a parallelogram copy unit, which together with the support wheel of the section provides accurate copying of the field relief and the same depth of tillage over the entire width of the machine .
Thus, the use of a tillage machine for strip tillage allows you to increase the productivity of tillage, which in turn provides an improvement in the quality of tillage.
A comparative analysis of the claimed utility model showed that the set of essential features of the claimed device is not known from the prior art and therefore corresponds to the patentability condition “Novelty”.
The above information confirms the possibility of using the claimed device in agricultural engineering, and can be used for strip (row) tillage, and therefore meets the patentability condition "Industrial applicability".
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
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RU2014120579/13U RU147013U1 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2014-05-21 | Soil processing machine for band soil treatment |
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RU2014120579/13U RU147013U1 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2014-05-21 | Soil processing machine for band soil treatment |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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RU171159U1 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-23 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия имени П.А. Столыпина" | Combined soil processing unit |
RU172919U1 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-07-31 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия имени П.А. Столыпина" | Combined soil processing unit |
RU174703U1 (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-10-30 | Раушан Ильдарович Аминов | Working section for band soil treatment with different level application of fertilizers |
RU177506U1 (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-28 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | Combined soil processing unit |
RU179553U1 (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-05-17 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | Combined soil processing unit |
RU2684940C1 (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2019-04-16 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова" | Fire-break maker soil-thrower |
RU2685402C2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-04-17 | Государственное казенное научное учреждение "Академия наук Чеченской Республики" | Device for processing and fertilizing soil |
RU189360U1 (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-21 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Башкирский государственный аграрный университет" | Tillage sowing machine for band tillage and seeding |
RU193066U1 (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-10-11 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное Учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный аграрный университет имени императора Петра 1" (ФГБОУ ВО Воронежский ГАУ) | Mounted implement for cavity tillage |
RU193352U1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-10-25 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ДорАгроМаш" ООО "ДорАгроМаш" | Working section of a high-speed cultivator of strip tillage |
RU193597U1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-06 | Раушан Ильдарович Аминов | Cultivator for band soil treatment with different level application of fertilizers |
RU2714641C1 (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-02-18 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ДорАгроМаш" ООО "ДорАгроМаш" | Strip tillage cultivator (versions) |
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2014
- 2014-05-21 RU RU2014120579/13U patent/RU147013U1/en active IP Right Revival
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU171159U1 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-23 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия имени П.А. Столыпина" | Combined soil processing unit |
RU172919U1 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-07-31 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия имени П.А. Столыпина" | Combined soil processing unit |
RU174703U1 (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-10-30 | Раушан Ильдарович Аминов | Working section for band soil treatment with different level application of fertilizers |
RU2685402C2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-04-17 | Государственное казенное научное учреждение "Академия наук Чеченской Республики" | Device for processing and fertilizing soil |
RU177506U1 (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-28 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | Combined soil processing unit |
RU179553U1 (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-05-17 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | Combined soil processing unit |
RU2684940C1 (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2019-04-16 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова" | Fire-break maker soil-thrower |
RU189360U1 (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-21 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Башкирский государственный аграрный университет" | Tillage sowing machine for band tillage and seeding |
RU193066U1 (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-10-11 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное Учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный аграрный университет имени императора Петра 1" (ФГБОУ ВО Воронежский ГАУ) | Mounted implement for cavity tillage |
RU2714641C1 (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-02-18 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ДорАгроМаш" ООО "ДорАгроМаш" | Strip tillage cultivator (versions) |
RU193597U1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-06 | Раушан Ильдарович Аминов | Cultivator for band soil treatment with different level application of fertilizers |
RU193352U1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-10-25 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ДорАгроМаш" ООО "ДорАгроМаш" | Working section of a high-speed cultivator of strip tillage |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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MM1K | Utility model has become invalid (non-payment of fees) |
Effective date: 20150522 |
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NF1K | Reinstatement of utility model |
Effective date: 20160620 |
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PC12 | Official registration of the transfer of the exclusive right without contract for utility models |
Effective date: 20170202 |