PL83264B1 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
PL83264B1
PL83264B1 PL1971147601A PL14760171A PL83264B1 PL 83264 B1 PL83264 B1 PL 83264B1 PL 1971147601 A PL1971147601 A PL 1971147601A PL 14760171 A PL14760171 A PL 14760171A PL 83264 B1 PL83264 B1 PL 83264B1
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Poland
Prior art keywords
coating
metal
nitride
chromium
blade
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Application number
PL1971147601A
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English (en)
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Publication of PL83264B1 publication Critical patent/PL83264B1/pl

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/54—Razor-blades
    • B26B21/58—Razor-blades characterised by the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/54—Razor-blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/54—Razor-blades
    • B26B21/58—Razor-blades characterised by the material
    • B26B21/60—Razor-blades characterised by the material by the coating material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/923—Physical dimension
    • Y10S428/924—Composite
    • Y10S428/926—Thickness of individual layer specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/932—Abrasive or cutting feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12389—All metal or with adjacent metals having variation in thickness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12542—More than one such component
    • Y10T428/12549—Adjacent to each other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12556—Organic component
    • Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12576—Boride, carbide or nitride component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12583—Component contains compound of adjacent metal
    • Y10T428/1259—Oxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12847—Cr-base component
    • Y10T428/12854—Next to Co-, Fe-, or Ni-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)
  • Scissors And Nippers (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Description

Uprawniony z patentu: Wilkinson Sword Limited, Londyn (Wielka Brytania) Zyletka Przedmiotem wynalazku jest zyletka majaca po¬ wloke z metalu lub stopu co najmniej na jej ostrzu oraz zewnetrzna powloke z polimeru.Znane sa zyletki majace co najmniej na ostrzu powloke z chromu lub tlenku chromu, Znane sa równiez zyletki majace co najmniej na ostrzu po¬ wloke z weglika, tlenku, azotku lub borku tytanu.Powloki te dzialaja zarówno jako powierzchnie od¬ porne na scieranie jak tez jako powierzchnie zmniejszajace tarcie. Znane jest ponadto naklada¬ nie na te pierwsza powloke drugiej powloki z po¬ limeru, np. polimeru zawierajacego krzem orga¬ niczny lub politetrafluoroetylen, która to zewnetrz¬ na powloka wplywa korzystnie na wlasciwosci tna¬ ce zyletki.Zyletki wedlug znanych rozwiazan maja te wade, iz dyskwalifikowane sa przedwczesnie w wyniku niezadawalajacej jakosci golenia. Powodowane jest to lacznie przez uszkodzenie ostrza w wyniku go¬ lenia oraz utrate warstwy powloki polimerowej na co najmniej czesci zyletki.Celem wynalazku jest uzyskanie zyletki o ko¬ rzystnych wlasnosciach tnacych i trwalosci wiek¬ szej niz zyletki znane dotychczas.Cel wynalazku zostal osiagniety przez to, ze pomiedzy pierwsza powloka i zewnetrzna powloka z polimeru nalozona jest powloka posrednia zlozo¬ na z co najmniej jednej odpornej warstwy wegli¬ ka, borku, tlenku, azotku, krzemku lub fluorku chromu, krzemu, wolframu, molibdenu, kobaltu, 30. aluminium, manganu, wanadu, niobu, tantalu, ty¬ tanu, cyrkonu, hafnu, renu lub pierwiastków ziem rzadkich.Zastosowanie posredniej powloki z metalu lub stopu nie redukuje oddzialywania pierwszej powlo¬ ki z metalu lub stopu. Powloka z metalu lub stopu nadal zapewnia wzmacnianie ostrza oraz obniza korozje zyletki mimo, ze pokryta jest powloka posrednia.Powloka posrednia moze zapewniac ochrone pow¬ loki z metalu lub stopu przed korozja i stopnio¬ wym zuzywaniem sie podciza's golenia. Pozwala to na wykorzystywanie dobrych wlasnosci powloki z metalu lub stopu przy jednoczesnej ochronie pow¬ loki z metalu lub stopu przed korozja i stopniowym zuzywaniem sie.Na pierwsza powloke z metalu lub stopu stoso¬ wac mozna materialy, które zapewnialyby korzystne wzmacnianie ostrza lecz nie nadawalyby sie jako pojedyncze powloki, na przyklad na skutek malej odpornosci na scieranie.Korzystne jest nalozenie trzeciej powloki na po¬ wloke druga. Ta trzecia powloka jest korzystnie powloka polimerowa przez co takie ostrze ulatwia golenie. Powloka ta zawiera na przyklad polimer weglofluoroiwy, na przyklad policzterofluoroetyle- nu.Najkorzystniej jest pokryc ostrze zyletki chro¬ mem, na który naklada sie powloke azotku chro¬ mu, a nastepnie powloke polimerowa. Mozna za- 83 26483 264 stapic druga powloke z azotku molibdenu, lub azot¬ ku wanadu.Jednym ze sposobów wytwarzania nierdzewnych zyletek do golenia o opisanej powloce podwójnej jest sposób polegajacy najpierw na wytwarzaniu powloki chromowej przez napylanie chromu na oczyszczone uprzednio ostrze. Elektrody sa wykona¬ ne metoda elektrolityczna przy cisnieniu w grani¬ cach 0,1 a 10 mikronów slupa rteci, a rezydualna atmosfera jest atmosfera gazu obojetnego, takiego jak argon lub hel. Napylanie takie mozna przepro¬ wadzac w zwyklych urzadzeniach jonowo-plazmo- wych, które znajduja sie w sprzedazy.^Grubosc po¬ wloki chromu zawiera sie w granicach od 50 do 450 A, korzystnie do 200 A. Z kolei powtarza sie napylanie przy rezydualnej atmosferze azotu prizy cisnieniu na przyklad od 1 do 4 mikronów slupa rteci- i w ten sposób tworzy sie powloke azotku chromu.Korzystne jest poddanie ostrza dzialaniu atmo¬ sfery utleniajacej po wytworzeniu pierwszej po¬ wloki w taki sposób, aby powierzchnia tej powlo¬ ki utlenila sie. Jednym ze sposobów uzyskania te¬ go jest wytwarzanie regulowanego przecieku po¬ wietrza do wnetrzna urzadzenia do napylania po- . miedzy dwoma etapami napylania.Grubosc powloki azotkowej jest zawarta w gra¬ nicach od 50 do 450 angstromów, a nawet 750 ang- stromów.W niniejszym opisie powloki z azotku maja róz¬ na zawartosc azotu od niewielkich zawartosci azo¬ tu w roztworze stalym w chromie do któregokol¬ wiek z azotków chromu: Cr^, Cr3N2, CrN, a tak¬ ze jakakolwiek ich mieszanine. Tak wiec zawartosc azotu jest zawarta w zakresie od 0,01% atomów azotu do 55% atomów azotu. ^ Reakcja pomic^" chromem, lub jakimkolwiek z zastosowanych metali i azotem, lub innym gazem podczas procesu napylania zachodzi na powierzchni elektrody, albo w plazmie, albo po osadzeniu meta¬ lu na powierzchni zyletki.Sklad gazu zalezy w znacznym stopniu od sub¬ stancji która sie napyla, a takze od warunków na¬ pylania. Tak wiec azot, lub inny gaz moze byc 30 rozcienczony przy pomocy gazu obojetnego, takiego jak argon i stezenie azotu lub innego gazu w mie¬ szaninie moze zawierac sie w granicach od 5% ob¬ jetosciowo gazu w argonie az do 100%. W celu wy¬ tworzenia azotku mozna uzyc gazu, w sklad które¬ go wchodzi duza ilosc azotu. Moze tio byc przykla¬ dowo powietrze, lub produkty rozkladu amoniaku.Gaz taki moze byc rozcienczony dodatkowo gazem obojetnym.Napylanie jest stalopradowe, lub przy czestotli¬ wosci radiowej. W tym ostatnim przypadku napy¬ lanie moze byc prowadzone bezposrednio z elektro¬ dy z azotku chromu, lub z innej elektrody ze zwiaz¬ ku metalu. Takie napylanie prowadzi sie w atmo¬ sferze obojetnej.Daje sie takze zastosowac inny sposób wytwa¬ rzania powlok, na przyklad chemiczne naparowy¬ wanie, albo reaktywne odparowywanie.W niniejszym oposie przyjeto, ze zwiazek metalu i „zwiazek krzemu" oznaczaja nie tylko zwiazki metalu lub krzemu, ale takze roztwór, lub zawie¬ sine takiego zwiazku w siatce krystalicznej metalu. PL PL PL PL

Claims (4)

1. Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Zyletka z pierwsza powloka z metalu lub sto¬ pu metalowego co najmniej na swej krawedzi tna¬ cej i zewnetrzna powloka z polimeru, znamienna tym, ze miedzy pierwsza powloka i zewnetrzna powloka z polimeru nalozona jest powloka posred¬ nia zlozona z co najmniej jednej odpornej warstwy weglika, borku, tlenku, azotku, krzemku lub flu¬ orku chromu, krzemu, wolframu, molibdenu, ko¬ baltu, aluminium, manganu, wanadu, niobu, tan¬ talu, tytanu, cyrkonu, hafnu, renu lub pierwiast¬ ków ziem rzadkich.
2. Zyletka wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienna tym, ze powloka posrednia jest z azotku chromu.
3. Zyletka wedlug zastrz. 1 lub 2, znamienna tym, ze powloka posrednia ma grubosc 50—450 angstremów, korzystnie ido 150 angstremów.
4. Zyletka wedlug zastrz. 1 albo 2, znamienna tym, ze pierwsza powloka z metalu lub stopu me¬ talu ma grubosc od 70 do 200 angstremów. Cena 10 zl LZG Z-d Nr 2 zam. 1052/77 100 egz. A4 PL PL PL PL
PL1971147601A 1970-04-17 1971-04-16 PL83264B1 (pl)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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GB1840970 1970-04-17

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PL83264B1 true PL83264B1 (pl) 1975-12-31

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US (2) US3743551A (pl)
AT (1) AT320472B (pl)
BE (1) BE765869A (pl)
BG (1) BG19094A3 (pl)
BR (1) BR7102060D0 (pl)
CA (2) CA927224A (pl)
CH (1) CH532987A (pl)
DE (2) DE2118212A1 (pl)
ES (1) ES196198Y (pl)
FI (1) FI52174C (pl)
FR (1) FR2089640A5 (pl)
GB (1) GB1342071A (pl)
IE (1) IE36006B1 (pl)
IL (1) IL36603A (pl)
LU (1) LU63002A1 (pl)
NO (1) NO135203C (pl)
PL (1) PL83264B1 (pl)
RO (1) RO61556A (pl)
SU (1) SU513605A3 (pl)
TR (1) TR17249A (pl)
ZA (2) ZA712333B (pl)

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AT320472B (de) 1975-02-10
CH532987A (fr) 1973-01-31
DE2118212A1 (pl) 1971-10-28
TR17249A (tr) 1976-08-03
SU513605A3 (ru) 1976-05-05
IE36006B1 (en) 1976-07-21
FR2089640A5 (pl) 1972-01-07
BG19094A3 (pl) 1975-04-30
BR7102060D0 (pt) 1973-04-05
CA927224A (en) 1973-05-29
ZA712332B (en) 1972-01-26
IE36006L (en) 1971-10-17
FI52174C (fi) 1977-07-11
DE2118211A1 (pl) 1971-10-28
NO135203B (pl) 1976-11-22
FI52174B (pl) 1977-03-31
ES196198Y (es) 1982-06-01
NO135203C (pl) 1977-03-02
DE2118211B2 (de) 1980-07-31
RO61556A (pl) 1976-12-15
IL36603A0 (en) 1971-06-23
ZA712333B (en) 1972-01-26
BE765869A (fr) 1971-10-18
US3743551A (en) 1973-07-03
IL36603A (en) 1974-03-14
LU63002A1 (pl) 1971-08-26
US3774703A (en) 1973-11-27
GB1342071A (en) 1973-12-25
CA989687A (en) 1976-05-25

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