PL203692B1 - Sposób wytwarzania szczelnego względem wilgoci połączenia między końcami dwóch rur z tworzywa sztucznego - Google Patents
Sposób wytwarzania szczelnego względem wilgoci połączenia między końcami dwóch rur z tworzywa sztucznegoInfo
- Publication number
- PL203692B1 PL203692B1 PL359126A PL35912603A PL203692B1 PL 203692 B1 PL203692 B1 PL 203692B1 PL 359126 A PL359126 A PL 359126A PL 35912603 A PL35912603 A PL 35912603A PL 203692 B1 PL203692 B1 PL 203692B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- pipe
- plastic pipes
- pipes
- heating element
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
- F16L47/20—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics based principally on specific properties of plastics
- F16L47/22—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics based principally on specific properties of plastics using shrink-down material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
- B29C65/3428—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding said at least a single wire having a waveform, e.g. a sinusoidal form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3468—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
- B29C65/348—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/66—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses, e.g. shrinking of one of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/5324—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length
- B29C66/53241—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7371—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
- B29C66/73715—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable heat-shrinkable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
- B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
- B29C66/91653—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by controlling or regulating the voltage, i.e. the electric potential difference or electric tension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
- B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
- F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
- F16L47/03—Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L59/16—Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like
- F16L59/18—Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like adapted for joints
- F16L59/20—Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like adapted for joints for non-disconnectable joints
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/46—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
- B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
- B29C66/2422—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical
- B29C66/24221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical being circular
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
- B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
- B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
- B29L2023/225—Insulated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
Opis wynalazku
Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób wytwarzania szczelnego względem wilgoci połączenia między końcami dwóch rur z tworzywa sztucznego.
Z europejskiego opisu patentowego nr EP 1 087 171 A1 znany jest sposób wytwarzania złączki rurowej z tworzywa sztucznego, w którym na wewnętrznej powierzchni złączki mocuje się elektryczny oporowy element grzejny z wygiętego meandrowo drutu, następnie poszerza się złączkę rurową z oporowym elementem grzejnym, a następnie chłodzi się złączkę rurową w stanie poszerzonym. Element oporowy stanowi drut metalowy, osadzony w taśmie z tworzywa sztucznego. Znaną złączkę rurową stosuje się przy wytwarzaniu połączeń przewodów ciepłowniczych. Poszerzoną złączkę rurową nasuwa się przy tym na koniec jednej z rur, stanowiących łączone przewody ciepłownicze. Po połączeniu rur złączkę nasuwa się na miejsce połączenia, obkurcza poprzez doprowadzenie ciepła i zgrzewa z płaszczami przewodów ciepłowniczych poprzez przyłożenie napięcia do drutów metalowych.
Wadę tego rozwiązania stanowi fakt, że przy poszerzaniu złączki rurowej nie można zapewnić równomiernej zmiany odstępu pomiędzy zwojami meandrów. Przy niejednakowym odstępie zwojów doprowadzanie ciepła do miejsc o większym odstępie jest mniejsze. To z kolei może powodować, że w tych miejscach nastąpi niedostateczne zgrzanie złączki rurowej z płaszczami rur. Kolejna niedogodność polega na tym, że w niesprzyjających warunkach eksploatacji obszar elementów oporowych ulega zanieczyszczeniu, co również może być przyczyną wadliwych połączeń zgrzewanych.
Celem wynalazku jest takie udoskonalenie znanego sposobu, aby skutecznie utrzymywać stały odstęp poszczególnych zwojów meandrów, co zapewni doprowadzanie do każdego miejsca obwodu jednakowej ilości ciepła, oraz zapobiec przedostawaniu się zanieczyszczeń do obszaru spoiny.
Sposób wytwarzania szczelnego względem wilgoci połączenia między końcami dwóch rur z tworzywa sztucznego, korzystnie płaszczy przewodów ciepłowniczych, w którym poszerzoną złączkę rurową z tworzywa sztucznego nasuwa się na końce rur z tworzywa sztucznego, obkurcza i za pomocą elementów grzejnych zgrzewa z rurami z tworzywa sztucznego, według wynalazku charakteryzuje się tym, że na koniec jednej z rur z tworzywa sztucznego nasuwa się złączkę rurową, następnie element grzejny z osadzonego w pasku folii z tworzywa sztucznego, ukształtowanego meandrowo drutu metalowego nawija się w postaci co najmniej jednego zwoju na rury z tworzywa sztucznego, umieszcza się po jednym czujniku termicznym w obszarze elementu grzejnego, przesuwa się złączkę rurową na miejsce połączenia i obkurcza się złączkę rurową, co najmniej na jej końcach, na elementach grzejnych, oraz nagrzewa się druty metalowe za pomocą prądu elektrycznego i zgrzewa się końce złączki rurowej z końcami rur z tworzywa sztucznego.
Korzystnie po dopasowaniu do obwodu mocuje się folię z tworzywa sztucznego na powierzchni rury z tworzywa sztucznego.
Korzystnie na końcach złączki rurowej, przed lub bezpośrednio po rozpoczęciu zgrzewania, mocuje się elementy zaciskowe.
Korzystnie końcówki przyłączeniowe drutów metalowych utrzymuje się w odstępie względem siebie za pomocą elementów dystansowych, przy czym odstęp końcówek przyłączeniowych odpowiada odstępowi zwojów meandrów.
Korzystnie element dystansowy dla końcówek przyłączeniowych elementu grzejnego mocuje się na rurze z tworzywa sztucznego.
Poza zaletami, wynikającymi bezpośrednio z postawionego wyżej zadania, wynalazek jest o tyle korzystny, że element grzejny można dostarczać na miejsce budowy w odcinkach o dużych długościach, na przykład nawiniętych na bębny, z których pobiera się potrzebną długość.
Przedmiot wynalazku jest uwidoczniony w przykładach wykonania na rysunku, na którym fig. 1 przedstawia stosowany korzystnie w sposobie według wynalazku element grzejny 1 w widoku z boku, fig. 2 - koniec rury z tworzywa sztucznego, w widoku perspektywicznym, fig. 3 - łączone rury z tworzywa sztucznego z zamocowanymi na nich elementami grzejnymi i czujnikiem termicznym 8 na co najmniej jednym końcu, oraz fig. 4 - miejsce połączenia rur przed wypełnieniem przestrzeni pomiędzy rurą wewnętrzną i złączką rurową spienionym tworzywem piankowym.
Element grzejny 1 jest wykonany z wygiętego meandrowo drutu metalowego 2, korzystnie z miedzi, osadzonego w pasku foliowym 3 z tworzywa sztucznego. Pasek foliowy 3 jest z tego samego tworzywa sztucznego, co łączone rury 4 i złączka rurowa 5. Element grzejny 1 można wytwarzać w sposób ciągły w dużych długościach i nawijać go na bębny.
PL 203 692 B1
Konfekcjonowanie można przeprowadzać fabrycznie lub na miejscu budowy. W tym celu końcówki przyłączeniowe 6 drutu 5 metalowego 2 odgina się pod kątem prostym od elementu grzejnego 1.
Pomiędzy obydwoma końcami elementu grzejnego 1 na pasku foliowym 3 mocuje się za pomocą zgrzewania odcinek folii nośnej 7 z tego samego tworzywa sztucznego, co pasek foliowy 3. Na odcinku folii nośnej 7 umieszczony jest za pomocą elementów kotwiących 9 czujnik termiczny 8. Czujnik termiczny 8 jest usytuowany pomiędzy dwoma zwojami drutu metalowego 2.
Na fig. 2 przedstawiony jest w widoku koniec rury 4 z tworzywa sztucznego. Po nasunięciu złączki rurowej 5 na jedną z rur 4 z tworzywa sztucznego najpierw oczyszcza się powierzchnię rury 4, a następnie owija się wokół niej jeden zwój elementu grzejnego 1. Element grzejny 1 nagrzewa się do temperatury nieznacznie niższej od zakresu temperatur topnienia paska foliowego 3, doprowadzając ciepło z zewnątrz lub przykładając napięcie do drutu metalowego 2, i dopasowuje się go do obwodu rury 4 z tworzywa sztucznego.
Następnie pasek foliowy 3 mocuje się na rurze 4 poprzez miejscowe nagrzanie do temperatury wyższej niż zakres 5 temperatur topnienia tworzywa paska.
Za pomocą elementu dystansowego 10, odpornego na temperaturę i nieprzewodzącego prądu elektrycznego, który to elementu jest również zamocowany na rurze 4 z tworzywa sztucznego, końcówki przyłączeniowe 6 drutu metalowego 2 utrzymuje się w odstępie względem siebie, przy czym odstęp końcówek przyłączeniowych 6 względem siebie odpowiada odstępowi dwóch zwojów meandrycznie ukształtowanego drutu.
Na fig. 3 przedstawiony jest stan, w którym na obu łączonych rurach 4 z tworzywa sztucznego zamocowane są w opisany wyżej sposób elementy grzejne 1, zaś na co najmniej jednym końcu zamocowany jest czujnik termiczny 8.
Teraz na miejsce połączenia nasuwa się złączkę rurową 5, wykonaną z tego samego tworzywa sztucznego, co rury 4, w związku z czym oba elementy grzejne 1 są osłonięte złączką rurową 5, zaś końcówki przyłączeniowe 6 oraz końce czujnika termicznego 8 wystają z obu końców złączki rurowej 5. Rozumie się, że wewnętrzna powierzchnia złączki rurowej 5 została uprzednio oczyszczona, co najmniej na końcach. Poprzez doprowadzenie ciepła z zewnątrz obkurcza się końce poszerzonej złączki rurowej 5 i zaciska się elementy grzejne 1 pomiędzy rurami 4 z tworzywa sztucznego i złączką rurową 5. Ponieważ złączka rurowa 5 w stanie nieposzerzonym ma takie same wymiary, jak rura 4 z tworzywa sztucznego, złączka rurowa 5 jest dociśnięta obydwoma końcami do rury 4.
Następnie łączy się końcówki przyłączeniowe 6 ze źródłem napięcia i podłącza się czujnik termiczny 8 do aparatury pomiarowej. Źródło napięcia i aparatura pomiarowa nie są bliżej przedstawione. Tego typu aparatura jest przedmiotem opublikowanego niemieckiego zgłoszenia patentowego nr 37 02 912. Poprzez przyłożenie napięcia do końcówek przyłączeniowych 6 elementów grzejnych 1. topi się paski foliowe 3 oraz graniczne obszary rur 4 z tworzywa sztucznego i złączki rurowej 5, które mieszają się ze sobą. Doprowadzanie energii reguluje się przy tym za pomocą wartości mierzonych przez czujniki termiczne 8.
Po procesie zgrzewania przestrzeń 13 pomiędzy rurą wewnętrzną 11 i złączką rurową 5 można wypełnić pianką z tego 5 samego materiału, co warstwa izolacyjna 12, stosowana w przewodach ciepłowniczych pomiędzy rurą wewnętrzną i rurą 4 z tworzywa sztucznego, zazwyczaj z poliuretanu.
Na fig. 4 ukazane jest miejsce połączenia przed wypełnieniem pianką przestrzeni 13.
Miejsce połączenia wykonane sposobem według wynalazku jest zabezpieczone przed wnikaniem wilgoci i na tyle wytrzymałe, że może przejmować siły, powstające wskutek zmian temperatur i związanych z tym przesunięć rury ciepłowniczej.
Claims (5)
1. Sposób wytwarzania szczelnego względem wilgoci połączenia między końcami dwóch rur z tworzywa sztucznego, korzystnie płaszczy przewodów ciepłowniczych, w którym poszerzoną złączkę rurową z tworzywa sztucznego nasuwa się na końce rur z tworzywa sztucznego, obkurcza i za pomocą elementów grzejnych zgrzewa z rurami z tworzywa sztucznego, znamienny tym, że na koniec jednej z rur z tworzywa sztucznego nasuwa się złączkę rurową, następnie element grzejny z osadzonego w pasku folii z tworzywa sztucznego, ukształtowanego meandrowo drutu metalowego nawija się w postaci co najmniej jednego zwoju na rury z tworzywa sztucznego, umieszcza się po jednym czujniku termicznym w obszarze elementu grzejnego, przesuwa się złączkę rurową na miejsce połączenia
PL 203 692 B1 i obkurcza się złączkę rurową , co najmniej na jej koń cach, na elementach grzejnych, oraz nagrzewa się druty metalowe za pomocą prądu elektrycznego i zgrzewa się końce złączki rurowej z końcami rur z tworzywa sztucznego.
2. Sposób według zastrz. 2, znamienny tym, że po dopasowaniu do obwodu mocuje się folię z tworzywa sztucznego na powierzchni rury z tworzywa sztucznego.
3. Sposób według zastrz. 1 albo 2, znamienny tym, że na końcach złączki rurowej, przed lub bezpośrednio po rozpoczęciu zgrzewania, mocuje się elementy zaciskowe.
4. Sposób według zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że końcówki przyłączeniowe drutów metalowych utrzymuje się w odstępie względem siebie za pomocą elementów dystansowych, przy czym odstęp końcówek przyłączeniowych odpowiada odstępowi zwojów meandrów.
5. Sposób według zastrz. 5, znamienny tym, że element dystansowy dla końcówek przyłączeniowych elementu grzejnego mocuje się na rurze z tworzywa sztucznego.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10211703A DE10211703B4 (de) | 2002-03-16 | 2002-03-16 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer feuchtigkeitsdichten Verbindung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL359126A1 PL359126A1 (pl) | 2003-09-22 |
| PL203692B1 true PL203692B1 (pl) | 2009-11-30 |
Family
ID=27771380
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL359126A PL203692B1 (pl) | 2002-03-16 | 2003-03-12 | Sposób wytwarzania szczelnego względem wilgoci połączenia między końcami dwóch rur z tworzywa sztucznego |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10211703B4 (pl) |
| DK (1) | DK200300374A (pl) |
| IT (1) | ITRM20030091A1 (pl) |
| PL (1) | PL203692B1 (pl) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007014049B3 (de) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-12-04 | Friatec Ag | Ausgleichselement zum Verbinden von Bauteilen |
| CH704994B1 (fr) * | 2011-05-20 | 2016-03-15 | Plco Pipelines Construction S A | Procédé de raccordement de conduits de chauffage urbain et manchon de raccordement pour la mise en œuvre de ce procédé. |
| NL1040210C2 (nl) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-11-24 | C C Rombouts Kunststof Techniek Holding B V | Werkwijze voor het tegengaan van vochtmigratie in een thermisch geïsoleerde buis, alsmede volgens deze werkwijze vervaardigde buis. |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3702912A1 (de) * | 1986-06-05 | 1987-12-10 | Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh | Verfahren zur regelung des schweissvorganges bei der herstellung einer muffenverbindung fuer waermeisolierte leitungsrohre |
| CH671819A5 (pl) * | 1986-07-31 | 1989-09-29 | Meier Schenk Ag | |
| DK162588C (da) * | 1986-08-28 | 1992-04-06 | Tarco As | Fremgangsmaade til sammenfoejning af plastroerender med en plastsvejsemuffe |
| DE19652712C1 (de) * | 1996-12-18 | 1998-02-05 | Bem Gmbh | Verbindung von Doppelrohren |
| DK1087171T3 (da) * | 1999-08-27 | 2004-07-26 | Star Pipe As | Elektrisk svejsemuffe og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af denne |
-
2002
- 2002-03-16 DE DE10211703A patent/DE10211703B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-02-28 IT IT000091A patent/ITRM20030091A1/it unknown
- 2003-03-12 PL PL359126A patent/PL203692B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-12 DK DK200300374A patent/DK200300374A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10211703A1 (de) | 2003-09-25 |
| DE10211703B4 (de) | 2011-03-10 |
| ITRM20030091A0 (it) | 2003-02-28 |
| ITRM20030091A1 (it) | 2003-09-17 |
| PL359126A1 (pl) | 2003-09-22 |
| DK200300374A (da) | 2003-09-17 |
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