PH26413A - Process of producing animal feed from cassava fiber residue - Google Patents
Process of producing animal feed from cassava fiber residue Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PH26413A PH26413A PH43933A PH43933A PH26413A PH 26413 A PH26413 A PH 26413A PH 43933 A PH43933 A PH 43933A PH 43933 A PH43933 A PH 43933A PH 26413 A PH26413 A PH 26413A
- Authority
- PH
- Philippines
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- cassava
- mixture
- fermented
- medium
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 24
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 241000658379 Manihot esculenta subsp. esculenta Species 0.000 title 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020415 coconut juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010563 solid-state fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001112695 Clostridiales Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004251 balanced diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Description
Dey . * - -
PROCESS OF PRODUCING ANIMAL FEED 2 04 1 3
FROM CASSAVA FIBER RESIDUE ’ ‘5
This invention relates to the microbial transformation of cassava fiber residue which is a waste from the cassava . starch processing plant into animal feed which has high . protein content, thigh digestibility value, high vitamins, and high probiotics using the solid state fermentation.
The Philippines at present is importing soybean meal and fish meal for use as protein ingredients in animal feeds.
This country is a hard dollar earner from the agricultural sector and this results in the limited importation of these ingredients. Therefore, thé Philippines is acutely deficient in protein for the animal body. However, it has an abundant supply of carbohydrates. The rapid growth in animal as in man is ensured by a balanced diet. The five major nutrients ; needed by animals are : protein (20-40%), fat (5-10%), : 20 carbohydrate (25-50%), vitamins and minerals. . Pp ' Cassava fiber residue (cassava pulp) is the residue material waste which contains high carbohydrate (92%), low - protein (1 to 2%) and high fiber (26%). Therefore, cassava pulp has extremely low nutritional value for animal feed.
The technologies for bioconversion of solid-wastes has been
To 25 invented. Carbohydrate conversion of cassava pulp to 25-45% protein was obtained. The~high protein and modified natural structure of lignocellulosic fermented product could be used either for ruminant animals, poultry and swine. Probiotics . provided from Lactobacilli in animal nutrition and health are to prevent diarrhea, minimal clostridial activity, increased nutrient digestibility and eliminate the use of antibiotics . in animals. ‘ .
This invention was developed for the simultaneous bioconversion of carbohydrate into protein and probiotic products in the same batch of solid state fermentation. The ‘ product has a moisture content of about 45-50% and can be fed directly to animals. } ' 40 PROCESS DESCRIPTION 1. Treatment of raw materials .
Cassava fiber residue (cassava pulp) is a waste 45 material obtained from a cassava starch plant. It has about 70% moisture content.
Wet cassava pulp was dried in a ventilated hot air-dryer at 90°C overnight and the dried cassava pulp had 50 8-10% moisture content. This aimed to prevent the ’ spoilage, and easy transportation to another place before doing the fermentation process. : : In a cassava starch extraction plant equipped with the facilities for the fermentation process, wet cassava pulp could be used directly in the preparation of substrate 55 for the fermentation process.
9 uY)3 2. Preparation of inoculum or seed. : } Inoculum was prepared by inoculating Aspergillus niger ‘into the seed medium, which had the following composition (% by weight): ammonium sulfate, 1.5; - table sugar, 1.5; mature coconut water as a diluent and pH 6 to 7. The inoculated seed medium was - "incubated on a shaker at room temperature for 24 hours. - * . ! i 3. Inoculation of substrate ’
Fermentation medium had the following composition (%): ammonium sulfate, 17; urea, 3; table sugar, 0.5;
KHyPO,, 3.5; water as a diluent, and pH adjusted to 3.
Dried cassava pulp was mixed with the fermentation 7 medium to establish moisture content of 45%. The mixture-substrate can be used dirgctly in the inocu- lation step, or sterilized at 121° C for 15 min and then cooled to room temperature. The seed (10%) was used to inoculate the sterilized substrate-fermentation ) medium. The inoculated sterilized mubstrate-fermen- tation medium was mixed very well and spread on a } . perforated tray with 4 to 5 centimeters layer thick- ness of inoculated substrate. . 4. Solid state fermentation process «
The inoculated substrate was fermented in a ventilated incubator at 30-35°C until the substrate ’ was covered by white filamentous fungi. The fermented * substrate was well mixed and the fermentation process was extended for another day. ’ Protein content of . fermented substrate reached to 25-45% on dry basis. ‘
The fermented substrate was inoculated with
Lactobacillus acidophilus at concentration of 0.05%.
The inoculated-fermented substrate was silaged at ; ambient temperature in a tank covered with plastic to = prevent air infusion for at least one day. The product could be prolonged for one year.
The product which contained high protein and probiotics provided by Lactobacillus acidophilus could be directly used to fedd cattle, goats, swine, 40 chicken, "ducks, and etc.
In case the process is carried out with wet cassava pulp, the fermentation powder medium had the composition as the following (%): ammonium sulfate, 17; urea, 3; table sugar, 0.5 and KH,PO,, 3.5: acid phosphoric acid, 0.01. The wet cassava pulp was well 45 mixed with the powder fermentation medium to reduce moisture content of substrate to 55%. The mixture of substrate-fermentation medium can be gsed with or : , without the sterilization process at 121% ¢ for 15 minutes. ‘ 50 The other process steps such as inoculation and fermentation were carried as mentioned above. 55 ’ i (2) Co
CL gu (1% . * ' : ~ 96413 5. Drying and packaging .
For convenient storage and transportation purposes, the fermented product was dried in a 10 . ventillated hot-air dryer at-70" C until mousture ’ content was 7-8% in the final product. The . plastic bag was used to prevent the absorption of - moisture from theaatmosphere. . 15 . - ) ’ 7
I : ’
Claims (4)
1. A process of producingt animal feed from cassava fiber residue (cassava pulp) which comprises the following ' steps: eyo < RB . Co a) drying the wet cassava pulp discharged from the cassava extraction plant in a ventilated hot air- dryer at 90 .C overnight or until 8-10% moisture - content was achieved, * 4 : b) preparing the inoculum medium which contains the ~~ ' following composition (% by weight): ammonium sulfate, 1.5; table sugar, 1.5; mature coconut water as a diluent and BH 6 to 7.. The inoculum medium is sterilized at 121 c for 15 minutes, c) inoculating Aspergillus niger with the inoculum medium, : d) shaking the inoculated seed medium on a shaker at room temperature for 24 hours, e) mixing the dried cassava pulp with the fermentation medium which contains ‘the following composition
. (% by weight): ammonium sulfate, 17; urea, 3; table sugar, 0.5; KH3PO,, 3.5; water as a diluent and pH adjusted to 3, to establish moisture content of 45%,
~. f) sterilizing the mixture of substrate-fermentation medium at 121°C for 15 minutes,
. g) inoculating the seed with the sterilized mixture at “ the rate of 10% of the weight of the mixture,
. h) spreading the inoculated mixture substrate on a perforated tray with 4 to 5 centimeters layer thickness, i) fermenting the inoculated mixture-substrate in a ventilated incubator at 30 to 35°C until substrate was covered by white filamentous fungi, The fermented substrate is well mixed and the fermentation process was extended for another day, j) inoculating Lactobacillus acidphilus with the fermented substrate at the rate of 0.05% of the weight of the fermented mixture, k) silaging the inoculated substrate fermented at ambient temperature in a tank covered with plastic for a least one day up to one year, } 1) drying the silage fermented product in a ventilated hot-air dryer at 700°C until moisture content of 7 to 8% in the final product was achieved, m) packaging the dried product in plastic bags to prevent , the absorption of moisture, .
SE | 96Y)3 7 ’
2. The process according to Claim 1 wherein step (f) g is omitted, (excluded)
3. The process according to Claim 1 wherein step (a) is v omitted and step (e) is modified as the following (e): ® mixing the wet cassava pulp with the powder of the * - fermentation medium which contains the following ’ composition (% by weight): ammonium sulfate, 17; urea, 3; © table sugar, 0.5; KH PO,, 3.5; water as diluent and phosphoric acid, 0.0%. ‘ co
4 4. The process according to Claim 3 where step (f) is ommitted. : " CHAY BINH PHAM
- . Inventor ~~ . b : . . { ' . : ' , /eabr . Lo
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PH43933A PH26413A (en) | 1992-02-17 | 1992-02-17 | Process of producing animal feed from cassava fiber residue |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PH43933A PH26413A (en) | 1992-02-17 | 1992-02-17 | Process of producing animal feed from cassava fiber residue |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PH26413A true PH26413A (en) | 1992-07-15 |
Family
ID=19935904
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PH43933A PH26413A (en) | 1992-02-17 | 1992-02-17 | Process of producing animal feed from cassava fiber residue |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| PH (1) | PH26413A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102934737A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-02-20 | 广西高源淀粉有限公司 | Preparation method of protein feed |
| US20150139958A1 (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2015-05-21 | Kirishima Highland Beer Co., Ltd. | Feed Composition and Production Method for Same |
-
1992
- 1992-02-17 PH PH43933A patent/PH26413A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150139958A1 (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2015-05-21 | Kirishima Highland Beer Co., Ltd. | Feed Composition and Production Method for Same |
| US9826758B2 (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2017-11-28 | Kirishima Highland Beer Co., Ltd. | Feed composition and production method for same |
| CN102934737A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-02-20 | 广西高源淀粉有限公司 | Preparation method of protein feed |
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