CN110050884A - A kind of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110050884A CN110050884A CN201910401670.7A CN201910401670A CN110050884A CN 110050884 A CN110050884 A CN 110050884A CN 201910401670 A CN201910401670 A CN 201910401670A CN 110050884 A CN110050884 A CN 110050884A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- feed
- concentrated feed
- dry
- wet
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- NVNLLIYOARQCIX-MSHCCFNRSA-N Nisin Chemical compound N1C(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(=C)NC(=O)[C@@H]([C@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C(=C/C)/NC(=O)[C@H](N)[C@H](C)CC)CSC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(NCC(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CS[C@@H]2C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]3C(=O)N[C@@H](C(N[C@H](CC=4NC=NC=4)C(=O)N[C@H](CS[C@@H]3C)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=3NC=NC=3)C(=O)N[C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(=C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(O)=O)=O)CS[C@@H]2C)=O)=O)CS[C@@H]1C NVNLLIYOARQCIX-MSHCCFNRSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
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- A23L3/3481—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- A23L3/3499—Organic compounds containing oxygen with doubly-bound oxygen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
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- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3526—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/113—Acidophilus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/125—Casei
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses the dry and wet of a kind of long shelf-life mixing concentrated feeds and preparation method thereof, belong to feed processing technology, a kind of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life, based on parts by weight, comprising 10000 parts of prefabricated feed, 3-5 parts of dehydroactic acid sodium, 2-4 parts of potassium sorbate and 2-3 parts of nisin；The prefabricated feed is made of the butt concentrated feed that weight ratio is 6:4 and wet basis fermented concentrated feed.The present invention can effectively extend the shelf-life that dry and wet mixes concentrated feed by the compounding of potassium sorbate, dehydroactic acid sodium and nisin, the mold colony sum in dry and wet mixed fodder is controlled in 45000cfu/g hereinafter, guaranteeing that it still has good palatability within 60 days.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to livestock feed technical fields, more specifically, the dry and wet mixing that it is related to a kind of long shelf-life is dense
Contracting feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Fermented feed is with microorganism, complex enzyme for biological feed fermentation agent strain, by converting micro- life for roughage
Object mycoprotein, bioactive micro peptide amino acid, can be such that the nutritional ingredient of roughage converts rapidly, reach enhancing digestion and inhale
Receive utilizing status.In animal husbandry, it will usually fermented feed be mixed according to a certain percentage with dry feed, make fermented feed can
To make up the amino acid lacked in dry feed, to promote the growth and development of animal.
The production of existing fermented feed generallys use anaerobic respiration bag and combines the mode vacuumized, the water of finished product fermented feed
Point general >=30%, it is added in conventional dry feed when in use, it may appear that stirring is difficult, feed mixing is uneven etc. asks
Topic, and since there are a large amount of free waters in fermented feed, so easily freezing in the north, also its large-scale use is brought centainly
Limitation.After fermented feed and conventional dry feed stir, the moisture of mixed fodder is still 22% or so, if cannot make in time
With finishing, mould growth will cause, the decline of feed palatability will affect subsequent use effect.Therefore how to improve dry
The storage life of wet mixed fodder is a problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of dry and wets of long shelf-life to mix concentrated feed, passes through sorbic acid
The compounding of potassium, dehydroactic acid sodium and nisin can effectively extend the shelf-life of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed, make
Dry and wet mixes the mold colony sum in concentrated feed and controls in 45000cfu/g hereinafter, guaranteeing that it still has within 60 days
Good palatability.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the invention has the technical scheme that
A kind of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life, based on parts by weight, comprising 10000 parts of prefabricated feed, dehydroactic acid
3-5 parts of sodium, 2-4 parts of potassium sorbate and 2-3 parts of nisin；The prefabricated feed is dense by the butt that weight ratio is 6:4
Contracting feed and wet basis fermented concentrated feed composition.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, potassium sorbate and dehydroactic acid sodium are preferable to the inhibiting effect of mould, lactic acid chain
Coccus element has good inhibiting effect to sporogenic gram-positive bacterium is produced, by potassium sorbate, dehydroactic acid sodium and
The compounding of nisin can effectively extend the shelf-life of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed, make in dry and wet mixing concentrated feed
Mould overall control in 45000cfu/g hereinafter, guarantee its within 60 days still have good palatability；And at this
Under proportion in invention, the proliferation of normal probiotics in good bacteriostasis and animal body can be played, is reduced
The generation of drug resistance.
Further, the microbiological indicator of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed is as follows: Bacillus acidi lactici content be (3-8) ×
108/ g, yeast bacterial content (3-8) × 105/ g, gemma bacterial content (3-8) × 104/ g, antibacterial peptide potency are 500-2000U/g.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, retain a large amount of Bacillus acidi lactici, saccharomycete, gemma in dry and wet mixing concentrated feed
Bacterium and antibacterial peptide can play effective bacteriostasis, and be conducive to the stomach health of animal.
Further, the butt concentrated feed includes the raw material of following weight percent: dregs of beans 70-80%, corn egg
White 3-6%, fish meal 3-4%, peanut meal 5-6%, fermented bean dregs 4-5%, rice bran oil 3-5%, salt 1-2% and premix 1-
2%.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, protein rich in dregs of beans, zein, fish meal and peanut meal,
The substances such as cellulose, after mixing with fermented bean dregs, rice bran oil, salt and premix, the digestion that can improve nutriment is inhaled
It receives, improves animal functions of intestines and stomach, enhance beneficial microorganism growth and breeding, inhibit the harmful bacterias such as Escherichia coli, salmonella
Growth；And palatability, the absorption rate for increasing animal appetite, improving feed can be improved.
Further, the butt concentrated feed is prepared with the following method: the beans for being 70-80% by weight percent
The dregs of rice, the zein of 3-6%, the fish meal of 3-4%, the peanut meal of 5-6% and 4-5% fermented bean dregs, smash it through 60-
After the screening of 100 meshes, the premix of the rice bran oil of 3-5%, the salt of 1-2% and 1-2% is added, stirs evenly, at 30-40 DEG C
At a temperature of be dried, obtain the butt concentrated feed of moisture content≤12%.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, moisture content≤12% of butt concentrated feed can reduce the generation of mould,
Extend the storage life of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed.
Further, the wet basis fermented concentrated feed is prepared with the following method: based on parts by weight:
S1, raw material crush: after taking 1000 parts of basal feeds to crush, be added 2-5 part of aspergillus metabolin, 1-4 parts of complex enzyme formulation mix
It closes uniform；
S2, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent: 1 part of microbial fermentation enzyme agent is uniformly mixed with 20 portions of brown sugar, heat preservation activation 10-
20min；
S3, raw material mixing: 450-520 parts of water are added into basal feed, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent and stir evenly, are mixed
Close material；
S4, temperature controlled fermentation: by mixture 25-30 DEG C at a temperature of, aerobic fermentation 6-10h；Then in 35-39 DEG C of temperature
Under, anaerobic fermentation 60-72h obtains wet basis fermented concentrated feed.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, sent out by basal feed and aspergillus metabolin, complex enzyme formulation and microorganism
The cooperation of ferment enzyme agent can be improved the nutritive value and antibacterial, fungistatic effect of fermented feed, reduce mycotoxin in fermented feed
Content is conducive to the stability and using effect that maintain dry and wet mixing concentrated feed product.
Further, the basal feed is made of the raw material of following weight percent: DDGS10-15%, dregs of beans 60-
65%, rice bran meal 10-15%, wheat bran 10-15%, salt 1.5-2% and plant type calcium monohydrogen phosphate 3-3.5%.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, DDGS is the letter of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles
It writes, the Chinese is translated into distiller's dried grain and its soluble matter.DDGS is the trade name of vinasse albumen feed, i.e., containing the dry wine of soluble solids
Grain；Using the battalion of the DDGS basal feed compounded with dregs of beans, rice bran meal, wheat bran, salt and plant type calcium monohydrogen phosphate
Support material abundance, and due to, containing the substance for promoting fermentation, causing it with aspergillus metabolin in DDGS, complex enzyme formulation and
The probiotics that dry and wet made from microbial fermentation inoculum mixes in concentrated feed are more stable, and nutritive value is higher；And by
Wet basis fermented concentrated feed mixes concentrated feed with dry and wet made from butt concentrated feed, with dehydroactic acid sodium, potassium sorbate with
And after nisin cooperation, can effectively solve the problems, such as that DDGS is also easy to produce mould, concentrated feed is mixed improving dry and wet
While palatability, its storage life can also be extended.
Further, the aspergillus metabolin is prepared with the following method:
1. monascus specie is recovered under normal temperature environment, is activated, it is then inoculated in rose-bengal agar medium
In cross, 35 DEG C at a temperature of cultivate 4-6d；After covering with red sporule in culture medium, with physiological saline by red spore
Son elution, concentration, obtain Monascus spore powder after drying；
2. by Monascus spore powder with boil cooling pure water and be uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:200, obtain Monascus spore
Suspension；
3. the rice for selecting full grains is raw material, place it in water, impregnates 8-10h, after draining away the water, place it in 105-
20min is steamed at a temperature of 110 DEG C；It will cool down naturally to 30-32 DEG C, the red yeast rice of the 0.7-0.8% of rice weight be then added
Mould spore suspension, stirs evenly, 32 DEG C at a temperature of, aerlbic culture 5-6d；Then 80-100 DEG C at a temperature of, it is dried
After dry, the aspergillus metabolin that moisture content is 12-15% is obtained by crushing.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, enzyme system rich in aspergillus metabolin, fiber in the feed that can degrade is planted
The difficult substance absorbed such as acid；The Co-Q10 contained in aspergillus metabolin is the activator of cell metabolism and cellular respiration, and
The native oxidant that cell itself generates has non-specific humidification to immune, can improve T cell function；And aspergillus
Red yeast rice bacteriocidin in metabolin has sterilization and bacteriostasis effect, can extend the storage life of wet basis fermented concentrated feed.
Further, the complex enzyme formulation is made of the raw material of following weight percent: neutral proteinase 10-20%,
Alkali protease 20-40%, carbohydrase 5-10%, mesophilicα-diastase 2-5%, zytase 0-2.5%, cellulase 2-
5%, surplus is glucose.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, using complex enzyme formulation compared with single enzyme fermentation, fermentation starting speed is fast, metabolism
Product is abundant, and product index is coordinated.
Further, the microbial fermentation inoculum is made of the raw material of following weight percent: lactobacillus plantarum 0.5-
0.6%, lactobacillus acidophilus 0.2-0.4%, Lactobacillus casei 0.4-0.6%, S. cervisiae 0.5-12%, cloth Laplace saccharomycete
0-2%, bacillus subtilis 0.5-4%, Miyarisan 0-10%, surplus are glucose.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, using glucose as the zymogenic carrier of multiple-microorganism, microorganism hair obtained
The vigor of yeast-like fungi agent is big, and the absorption that can inhibit germ, promote nutriment improves the utilization rate of feed.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the invention has the technical scheme that
A kind of preparation method of the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life, includes the following steps:
(1) butt concentrated feed and wet basis fermented concentrated feed are uniformly mixed according to the ratio that weight ratio is 6:4, are obtained prefabricated
Feed；
(2) based on parts by weight, 10000 parts of prefabricated feeds are taken, 3-5 parts of dehydroactic acid sodiums, 2-4 parts of potassium sorbates are added thereto
And 2-3 parts of nisins, it is uniformly mixed, obtains the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of moisture content≤22%.
In conclusion the present invention has the advantages that compared with the prior art
1. the compounding by potassium sorbate, dehydroactic acid sodium and nisin can effectively extend dry and wet mixed fodder
Shelf-life, make the mould overall control in dry and wet mixed fodder in 45000cfu/g hereinafter, guaranteeing it within 60 days still
With good palatability；And under proportion in the present invention, good bacteriostasis and animal can be played
The proliferation of normal probiotics in vivo, reduces the generation of drug resistance；
2. the substances such as protein rich in, cellulose in dregs of beans, zein, fish meal and peanut meal, with fermentation beans
After the dregs of rice, rice bran oil, salt and premix mixing, the digestion and absorption of nutriment can be improved, improve animal functions of intestines and stomach, enhancing
Beneficial microorganism growth and breeding inhibits the growth of the harmful bacterias such as Escherichia coli, salmonella；And can be improved palatability,
The absorption rate for increasing animal appetite, improving feed；
3. passing through the cooperation of basal feed and aspergillus metabolin, complex enzyme formulation and microbial fermentation inoculum, hair can be improved
The nutritive value and antibacterial, fungistatic effect of ferment feed, reduce mycotoxin content in fermented feed, are conducive to maintain dry and wet mixing
The stability and using effect of concentrated feed product；
4. enzyme system rich in aspergillus metabolin, the difficult substance absorbed such as fiber, phytic acid in the feed that can degrade；Aspergillus generation
It thanks to the Co-Q10 contained in object, is the activator of cell metabolism and cellular respiration and the Native Oxide that cell itself generates
Agent has non-specific humidification to immune, can improve T cell function；And the red yeast rice bacteriocidin tool in aspergillus metabolin
There is sterilization and bacteriostasis effect, the storage life of wet basis fermented concentrated feed can be extended.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail below.
One, the preparation example of butt concentrated feed:
The model 108S's that premix in following preparation example uses Liaoning Boer Laite Farming-Grazing Industrial Co., Ltd. to provide is pre-
Mixing.
The preparation example 1 of butt concentrated feed: by the dregs of beans of 700kg, the zein of 60kg, the fish meal of 40kg, 60kg
The fermented bean dregs of peanut meal and 50kg, smash it through 60 meshes screening after, be added the rice bran oil of 50kg, the salt of 20kg and
The premix of 20kg, stirs evenly, 30 DEG C at a temperature of be dried, obtain moisture content≤12% butt concentration raise
Material.
The preparation example 2 of butt concentrated feed: by the dregs of beans of 750kg, the zein of 45kg, the fish meal of 35kg, 55kg
The fermented bean dregs of peanut meal and 45kg, smash it through 80 meshes screening after, be added the rice bran oil of 40kg, the salt of 15kg and
The premix of 15kg, stirs evenly, 35 DEG C at a temperature of be dried, obtain moisture content≤12% butt concentration raise
Material.
The preparation example 3 of butt concentrated feed: by the dregs of beans of 800kg, the zein of 30kg, the fish meal of 30kg, 50kg
The fermented bean dregs of peanut meal and 40kg, smash it through 100 meshes screening after, be added the rice bran oil of 30kg, the salt of 10kg and
The premix of 10kg, stirs evenly, 40 DEG C at a temperature of be dried, obtain moisture content≤12% butt concentration raise
Material.
Two, the preparation example of wet basis fermented concentrated feed
DDGS in following preparation example is selected from the corn DDGS feed that Bo Nong Biotechnology Co., Ltd in Weifang City provides；Monascus
The monascus specie for being BNCC336199 selected from the northern number for receiving biology offer；Rose-bengal agar medium is selected from Beijing overpass
The rose-bengal agar medium for the number GCM164 that technical concern Co., Ltd provides；Neutral proteinase is selected from Ningxia Xia Shengshi
The article No. that industry Group Co., Ltd provides is the neutral proteinase of FDG-2209；Alkali protease is selected from Nanning Pang Bo bioengineering
The alkali protease for the model PB05 that Co., Ltd provides；Carbohydrase is selected from what Zhengzhou Huambo chemical products Co., Ltd sold
The carbohydrase that article No. is 0358；It is FDY- that mesophilicα-diastase, which is selected from the article No. that Ningxia Sunson Industrial Group Co., Ltd. provides,
2231 mesophilicα-diastase；The wood that zytase is selected from the model PB23 that Pangbo Bioengineering Co Ltd, Nanning provides is poly-
Carbohydrase；Cellulase is selected from the cellulase for the model PB33 that Pangbo Bioengineering Co Ltd, Nanning provides；Plant cream bar
Bacterium is selected from the lactobacillus plantarum that the article No. that Xi'an Chiba grass Biotechnology Co., Ltd provides is qyc-181219-25；Acidophilus cream
Bacillus is selected from the lactobacillus acidophilus that the article No. that Xi'an Chiba grass Biotechnology Co., Ltd provides is qyc-181219-20；Cheese
Lactobacillus is selected from the Lactobacillus casei that the article No. that Xi'an Chiba grass Biotechnology Co., Ltd provides is qyc-181219-12；It makes
Brewer yeast bacterium is selected from the S. cervisiae that the article No. that hundred Yi Bao Bioisystech Co., Ltd of Zhengzhou provides is BYB072；Cloth Laplace ferment
Female bacterium is selected from the cloth Laplace saccharomycete for the model 002 that Wuhan Yuancheng Technology Development Co., Ltd. provides；Bacillus subtilis choosing
The bacillus subtilis that the disaster provided from Rushan Han Wei Biotechnology Co., Ltd is 6542；Miyarisan is selected from the special biology system of lattice
The clostridium butyricum that medicine (Tianjin) Co., Ltd provides.
The preparation example 1 of wet basis fermented concentrated feed:
The preparation of S1, basal feed: DDGS100kg, dregs of beans 650kg, rice bran meal 100kg, wheat bran 100kg, salt 15kg are taken
And plant type calcium monohydrogen phosphate 35kg is uniformly mixed, and obtains basal feed；
The preparation of S2, aspergillus metabolin: monascus specie is recovered under normal temperature environment 1., is activated, is then inoculated with
Cross in rose-bengal agar medium, 35 DEG C at a temperature of cultivate 4d；After covering with red sporule in culture medium,
With physiological saline by red sporule elution, concentration, 35 DEG C at a temperature of drying 4h after obtain Monascus spore powder；
2. by Monascus spore powder with boil cooling pure water and be uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:200, obtain Monascus spore
Suspension；
3. the rice for selecting full grains is raw material, place it in water, impregnates 8h, after draining away the water, place it in 105 DEG C
At a temperature of steam 20min；It will cool down naturally to 30 DEG C, 0.7% Monascus spore suspension of rice weight, stirring be then added
Uniformly, 32 DEG C at a temperature of, aerlbic culture 5d；Then 80 DEG C at a temperature of, after drying to it, obtain moisture by crushing
The aspergillus metabolin that content is 12%；
The preparation of S3, complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 100g, alkali protease 200g, carbohydrase 50g, medium temperature alphalise starch are taken
Enzyme 20g, cellulase 20g and glucose 610g are uniformly mixed, and obtain complex enzyme formulation；
The preparation of S4, microbial fermentation inoculum: lactobacillus plantarum 5g, lactobacillus acidophilus 2g, Lactobacillus casei 4g, saccharomyces cerevisiae are taken
Bacterium 5g, bacillus subtilis 5g, glucose 979g are uniformly mixed, and obtain microbial fermentation inoculum；
S5, raw material crush: after taking 1000kg basal feed to crush, it is equal that aspergillus metabolin 2kg, complex enzyme formulation 1kg mixing is added
It is even；
S6, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent: 1kg microbial fermentation enzyme agent is uniformly mixed with 20kg brown sugar, heat preservation activation
10min；
S7, raw material mixing: 450kg water is added into basal feed, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent and stirs evenly, is mixed
Material；
S4, temperature controlled fermentation: by mixture 25 DEG C at a temperature of, aerobic fermentation 6h；Then 35 DEG C at a temperature of, anaerobic fermentation
60h obtains wet basis fermented concentrated feed.
The preparation example 2 of wet basis fermented concentrated feed:
The preparation of S1, basal feed: DDGS105kg, dregs of beans 650kg, rice bran meal 100kg, wheat bran 100kg, salt 15kg are taken
And plant type calcium monohydrogen phosphate 30kg is uniformly mixed, and obtains basal feed；
The preparation of S2, aspergillus metabolin: monascus specie is recovered under normal temperature environment 1., is activated, is then inoculated with
Cross in rose-bengal agar medium, 35 DEG C at a temperature of cultivate 5d；After covering with red sporule in culture medium,
With physiological saline by red sporule elution, concentration, 35 DEG C at a temperature of drying 4h after obtain Monascus spore powder；
2. by Monascus spore powder with boil cooling pure water and be uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:200, obtain Monascus spore
Suspension；
3. the rice for selecting full grains is raw material, place it in water, impregnates 9h, after draining away the water, place it in 108 DEG C
At a temperature of steam 20min；It will cool down naturally to 31 DEG C, 0.75% Monascus spore suspension of rice weight be then added, stirs
Mix uniformly, 32 DEG C at a temperature of, aerlbic culture 6d；Then 90 DEG C at a temperature of, after drying to it, obtain water by crushing
Dividing content is 13% aspergillus metabolin；
The preparation of S3, complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 150g, alkali protease 350g, carbohydrase 75g, medium temperature alphalise starch are taken
Enzyme 35g, zytase 12g, cellulase 30g and glucose 354g are uniformly mixed, and obtain complex enzyme formulation；
The preparation of S4, microbial fermentation inoculum: lactobacillus plantarum 6g, lactobacillus acidophilus 3g, Lactobacillus casei 5g, S. cervisiae
80g, cloth Laplace saccharomycete 10g, bacillus subtilis 20g, Miyarisan 50g and glucose 826g are uniformly mixed, and obtain micro- life
Object fermenting agent；
S5, raw material crush: after taking 1000kg basal feed to crush, it is mixed that aspergillus metabolin 3.5kg, complex enzyme formulation 2.5kg is added
It closes uniform；
S6, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent: 1kg microbial fermentation enzyme agent is uniformly mixed with 20kg brown sugar, heat preservation activation
15min；
S7, raw material mixing: 485kg water is added into basal feed, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent and stirs evenly, is mixed
Material；
S4, temperature controlled fermentation: by mixture 28 DEG C at a temperature of, aerobic fermentation 8h；Then 37 DEG C at a temperature of, anaerobic fermentation
66h obtains wet basis fermented concentrated feed.
The preparation example 3 of wet basis fermented concentrated feed:
The preparation of S1, basal feed: DDGS100kg, dregs of beans 600kg, rice bran meal 150kg, wheat bran 100kg, salt 20kg are taken
And plant type calcium monohydrogen phosphate 30kg is uniformly mixed, and obtains basal feed；
The preparation of S2, aspergillus metabolin: monascus specie is recovered under normal temperature environment 1., is activated, is then inoculated with
Cross in rose-bengal agar medium, 35 DEG C at a temperature of cultivate 6d；After covering with red sporule in culture medium,
With physiological saline by red sporule elution, concentration, 35 DEG C at a temperature of drying 4h after obtain Monascus spore powder；
2. by Monascus spore powder with boil cooling pure water and be uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:200, obtain Monascus spore
Suspension；
3. the rice for selecting full grains is raw material, place it in water, impregnates 10h, after draining away the water, place it in 110 DEG C
At a temperature of steam 20min；It will cool down naturally to 32 DEG C, 0.8% Monascus spore suspension of rice weight be then added, stirs
Mix uniformly, 32 DEG C at a temperature of, aerlbic culture 6d；Then 100 DEG C at a temperature of, after being dried to it, obtained by crushing
The aspergillus metabolin that moisture content is 15%；
The preparation of S3, complex enzyme formulation: neutral proteinase 200g, alkali protease 400g, carbohydrase 100g, medium temperature alphalise starch are taken
Enzyme 50g, zytase 25g, cellulase 50g and glucose 175g；
The preparation of S4, microbial fermentation inoculum: lactobacillus plantarum 6g, lactobacillus acidophilus 4g, Lactobacillus casei 6g, S. cervisiae
120g, cloth Laplace saccharomycete 20g, bacillus subtilis 40g, Miyarisan 100g and glucose 704g, obtain microbial fermentation
Microbial inoculum；
S5, raw material crush: after taking 1000kg basal feed to crush, it is equal that aspergillus metabolin 5kg, complex enzyme formulation 4kg mixing is added
It is even；
S6, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent: 1kg microbial fermentation enzyme agent is uniformly mixed with 20kg brown sugar, heat preservation activation
20min；
S7, raw material mixing: 520kg water is added into basal feed, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent and stirs evenly, is mixed
Material；
S4, temperature controlled fermentation: by mixture 30 DEG C at a temperature of, aerobic fermentation 10h；Then 39 DEG C at a temperature of, anaerobism hair
Ferment 72h obtains wet basis fermented concentrated feed.
Three, embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life is prepared with the following method:
(1) butt concentrated feed (preparation example 1 selected from butt concentrated feed) and wet basis fermented concentrated feed (are sent out selected from wet basis
The preparation example 1 of ferment concentrated feed) it is uniformly mixed according to the ratio that weight ratio is 6:4, obtain prefabricated feed；
(2) based on parts by weight, take the prefabricated feed of 10000kg, thereto be added 3kg dehydroactic acid sodium, 2kg potassium sorbate and
2kg nisin is uniformly mixed, and obtains the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of moisture content≤22%, and dry and wet mixing concentration is raised
The microbiological indicator of material is as follows: Bacillus acidi lactici content is 3 × 108/ g, yeast bacterial content 3 × 105/ g, gemma bacterial content 3 × 104/
G, antibacterial peptide potency are 500U/g.
Embodiment 2: a kind of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life is prepared with the following method:
(1) butt concentrated feed (preparation example 2 selected from butt concentrated feed) and wet basis fermented concentrated feed (are sent out selected from wet basis
The preparation example 2 of ferment concentrated feed) it is uniformly mixed according to the ratio that weight ratio is 6:4, obtain prefabricated feed；
(2) based on parts by weight, take the prefabricated feed of 10000kg, thereto be added 4kg dehydroactic acid sodium, 3kg potassium sorbate and
2.5kg nisin is uniformly mixed, and obtains the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of moisture content≤22%, Bacillus acidi lactici content
It is 8 × 108/ g, yeast bacterial content 8 × 105/ g, gemma bacterial content 8 × 104/ g, antibacterial peptide potency are 2000U/g.
Embodiment 3: a kind of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life is prepared with the following method:
(1) butt concentrated feed (preparation example 3 selected from butt concentrated feed) and wet basis fermented concentrated feed (are sent out selected from wet basis
The preparation example 3 of ferment concentrated feed) it is uniformly mixed according to the ratio that weight ratio is 6:4, obtain prefabricated feed；
(2) based on parts by weight, take the prefabricated feed of 10000kg, thereto be added 5kg dehydroactic acid sodium, 4kg potassium sorbate and
3kg nisin is uniformly mixed, and obtains the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of moisture content≤22%, and dry and wet mixing concentration is raised
The microbiological indicator of material is as follows: the microbiological indicator that dry and wet mixes concentrated feed is as follows: Bacillus acidi lactici content is 5 × 108/ g, ferment
Female bacterial content 5 × 105/ g, gemma bacterial content 5 × 104/ g, antibacterial peptide potency are 1000U/g.
Four, comparative example
Comparative example 1: this comparative example difference from example 1 is that, be not added in raw material dehydroactic acid sodium, potassium sorbate with
And nisin.
Comparative example 2: this comparative example difference from example 1 is that, dehydroactic acid sodium 2kg, potassium sorbate is
1kg, nisin 1kg.
Comparative example 3: this comparative example difference from example 1 is that, butt concentrated feed and wet basis Fermented Condensed are raised
The weight ratio of material is 5:5.
Five, performance test
1, the measurement of mold colony sum:, will according to the method in GB/T13092-2006 " measurement of total number of molds in feed "
Feed in embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 is being stored after a certain period of time, mold colony sum therein is measured, by result
It is shown in table 1.
Table 1
The dry and wet mixing concentrated feed prepared by the present invention it can be seen from 1 data of table, within the holding time in 60 days, feed
In mold colony sum controlled always in 45000cfu/g hereinafter, with reference to GB13078-2017 " forage health standard ", explanation
The requirement for meeting " forage health standard " of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed prepared by the present invention.
Dehydroactic acid sodium, potassium sorbate and nisin are not added in 1 raw material of comparative example；Compared to embodiment 1,
For dry and wet mixing concentrated feed in comparative example 1 when saving 30 days, mold colony sum therein is more than 45000cfu/g, explanation
After dehydroactic acid sodium, potassium sorbate and nisin compounding, the preservation of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed can be obviously prolonged
Phase.
Dehydroactic acid sodium in comparative example 2 is 2kg, potassium sorbate 1kg, nisin 1kg；Compared to implementation
Example 1, for the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed in comparative example 2 when saving 50 days, mold colony sum therein is more than 45000cfu/g,
After illustrating dehydroactic acid sodium, potassium sorbate and nisin compounding, the preservation of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed can be extended
Phase, but when dehydroactic acid sodium is 3kg, potassium sorbate 2kg, nisin are 2kg, to the storage life of premixing feedstuff
Effect it is best.
The weight ratio of butt concentrated feed and wet basis fermented concentrated feed in comparative example 3 is 5:5；Compared to embodiment 1,
For dry and wet mixing concentrated feed when saving 70 days, mold colony sum therein is more than 45000cfu/g, and explanation is worked as in comparative example 3
When the weight ratio of butt concentrated feed and wet basis fermented concentrated feed is 5:5, the storage life of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed obviously drops
It is low, illustrate that there is longer storage life using the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of raw material in the present invention being configured to.
2, the measurement of dry and wet mixing concentrated feed palatability: body is chosen on bohr Lai Te agriculture and animal husbandry Industrial Co., Ltd. pig farm
Condition, weight, the growth of livestock, be in a good state of health outer ternary piglet 60, are randomly divided into six groups, every group of 10 piglets are respectively adopted
Dry and wet mixing concentrated feed feeds one group of piglet in embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3, and each feeding amount is identical, continuously feeds 7
It, counts the average residual rate of feed and the average daily gain situation of piglet, shows the result in table 2.
Table 2
Dry and wet prepared by the present invention mixing concentrated feed is after storage 60 days it can be seen from 2 data of table, the surplus ratio of feed
Low, increasing day by day for piglet is great, illustrates that the present invention controls the mold colony sum that dry and wet mixes concentrated feed always
When 45000cfu/g or less, the feeding enthusiasm of piglet is high, may advantageously facilitate the growth of piglet, and dry and wet of the invention mixes concentration
Feed has good palatability.
Dehydroactic acid sodium, potassium sorbate and nisin are not added in 1 raw material of comparative example；Compared to embodiment 1,
Feed surplus ratio in comparative example 1 significantly increases, and the daily gain of piglet is substantially reduced, and illustrates when in dry and wet mixing concentrated feed
When mold colony sum is more than 45000cfu/g, it can be substantially reduced the enthusiasm of looking for food of piglet, reduce the speed of growth of piglet.
Dehydroactic acid sodium in comparative example 2 is 2kg, potassium sorbate 1kg, nisin 1kg；Compared to implementation
Example 1, the surplus ratio of feed significantly increases in comparative example 2, and the daily gain of piglet is substantially reduced, and illustrates to mix concentrated feed when dry and wet
In mold colony sum when being more than 45000cfu/g, the enthusiasm of looking for food of piglet can be substantially reduced, reduce the growth speed of piglet
Degree.
The weight ratio of butt concentrated feed and wet basis fermented concentrated feed in comparative example 3 is 5:5；Compared to embodiment 1,
The surplus ratio of feed has increase more by a small margin in comparative example 3, and the daily gain of piglet has reduction more by a small margin, illustrates to work as butt
When the weight ratio of concentrated feed and wet basis fermented concentrated feed is 6:4, the palatability of feed is more preferably.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but as long as at this
All by the protection of Patent Law in the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of dry and wet of long shelf-life mixes concentrated feed, it is characterised in that: include prefabricated feed based on parts by weight
10000 parts, 3-5 parts of dehydroactic acid sodium, 2-4 parts of potassium sorbate and 2-3 parts of nisin；
The prefabricated feed is made of the butt concentrated feed that weight ratio is 6:4 and wet basis fermented concentrated feed.
2. a kind of dry and wet of long shelf-life according to claim 1 mixes concentrated feed, it is characterised in that: the dry and wet is mixed
The microbiological indicator for closing concentrated feed is as follows: Bacillus acidi lactici content is (3-8) × 108/ g, yeast bacterial content (3-8) × 105/ g,
Gemma bacterial content (3-8) × 104/ g, antibacterial peptide potency are 500-2000U/g.
3. a kind of dry and wet of long shelf-life according to claim 1 mixes concentrated feed, it is characterised in that: the butt is dense
Contracting feed includes the raw material of following weight percent: dregs of beans 70-80%, zein 3-6%, fish meal 3-4%, peanut meal 5-6%, hair
Ferment dregs of beans 4-5%, rice bran oil 3-5%, salt 1-2% and premix 1-2%.
4. a kind of dry and wet of long shelf-life according to claim 2 mixes concentrated feed, it is characterised in that: the butt is dense
Contracting feed is prepared with the following method: by weight percent be the dregs of beans of 70-80%, the zein of 3-6%, 3-4% fish meal,
Rice bran oil, the 1-2% of 3-5% is added after smashing it through the screening of 60-100 mesh in the peanut meal of 5-6% and the fermented bean dregs of 4-5%
Salt and 1-2% premix, stir evenly, 30-40 DEG C at a temperature of be dried, obtain the dry of moisture content≤12%
Base concentrated feed.
5. a kind of dry and wet of long shelf-life according to claim 1 mixes concentrated feed, it is characterised in that: the wet basis hair
Ferment concentrated feed is prepared with the following method: based on parts by weight:
S1, raw material crush: after taking 1000 parts of basal feeds to crush, be added 2-5 part of aspergillus metabolin, 1-4 parts of complex enzyme formulation mix
It closes uniform；
S2, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent: 1 part of microbial fermentation enzyme agent is uniformly mixed with 20 portions of brown sugar, heat preservation activation 10-
20min；
S3, raw material mixing: 450-520 parts of water are added into basal feed, activation microbial fermentation enzyme agent and stir evenly, are mixed
Close material；
S4, temperature controlled fermentation: by mixture 25-30 DEG C at a temperature of, aerobic fermentation 6-10h；Then in 35-39 DEG C of temperature
Under, anaerobic fermentation 60-72h obtains wet basis fermented concentrated feed.
6. a kind of dry and wet of long shelf-life according to claim 5 mixes concentrated feed, it is characterised in that: raise on the basis
Material be made of the raw material of following weight percent: DDGS10-15%, dregs of beans 60-65%, rice bran meal 10-15%, wheat bran 10-15%,
Salt 1.5-2% and plant type calcium monohydrogen phosphate 3-3.5%.
7. a kind of dry and wet of long shelf-life according to claim 5 mixes concentrated feed, it is characterised in that: the aspergillus generation
It thanks to object to prepare with the following method:
1. monascus specie is recovered under normal temperature environment, is activated, it is then inoculated in rose-bengal agar medium
In cross, 35 DEG C at a temperature of cultivate 4-6d；After covering with red sporule in culture medium, with physiological saline by red spore
Son elution, concentration, obtain Monascus spore powder after drying；
2. by Monascus spore powder with boil cooling pure water and be uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:200, obtain Monascus spore
Suspension；
3. the rice for selecting full grains is raw material, place it in water, impregnates 8-10h, after draining away the water, place it in 105-
20min is steamed at a temperature of 110 DEG C；It will cool down naturally to 30-32 DEG C, the monascus of the 0.7-0.8% of rice weight be then added
Spore suspension stirs evenly, 32 DEG C at a temperature of, aerlbic culture 5-6d；Then 80-100 DEG C at a temperature of, it is dried
Afterwards, the aspergillus metabolin that moisture content is 12-15% is obtained by crushing.
8. a kind of dry and wet of long shelf-life according to claim 5 mixes concentrated feed, it is characterised in that: the complex enzyme
Preparation is made of the raw material of following weight percent: neutral proteinase 10-20%, alkali protease 20-40%, carbohydrase 5-10%,
Mesophilicα-diastase 2-5%, zytase 0-2.5%, cellulase 2-5%, surplus are glucose.
9. a kind of dry and wet of long shelf-life according to claim 5 mixes concentrated feed, it is characterised in that: the microorganism
Fermenting agent is made of the raw material of following weight percent: lactobacillus plantarum 0.5-0.6%, lactobacillus acidophilus 0.2-0.4%, cheese
Lactobacillus 0.4-0.6%, S. cervisiae 0.5-12%, cloth Laplace saccharomycete 0-2%, bacillus subtilis 0.5-4%, Miyarisan 0-
10%, surplus is glucose.
10. a kind of preparation method of the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of long shelf-life as described in any one of claims 1-9,
It is characterized in that: including the following steps:
(1) butt concentrated feed and wet basis fermented concentrated feed are uniformly mixed according to the ratio that weight ratio is 6:4, are obtained prefabricated
Feed；
(2) based on parts by weight, 10000 parts of prefabricated feeds are taken, 3-5 parts of dehydroactic acid sodiums, 2-4 parts of potassium sorbates are added thereto
And 2-3 parts of nisins, it is uniformly mixed, obtains the dry and wet mixing concentrated feed of moisture content≤22%.
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| CN115074261A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-20 | 四川轻化工大学 | Saccharomyces boulardii, fermentation medium thereof, ruminant feed and preparation method thereof |
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