NO309731B1 - Elektrolytisk prosess og system for oksydasjon eller reduksjon av uorganiske og organiske bestanddeler i vandige lösninger - Google Patents
Elektrolytisk prosess og system for oksydasjon eller reduksjon av uorganiske og organiske bestanddeler i vandige lösninger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO309731B1 NO309731B1 NO944076A NO944076A NO309731B1 NO 309731 B1 NO309731 B1 NO 309731B1 NO 944076 A NO944076 A NO 944076A NO 944076 A NO944076 A NO 944076A NO 309731 B1 NO309731 B1 NO 309731B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- exchange material
- ion exchange
- aqueous solution
- modified
- anode
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 237
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- -1 halide salt Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 92
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 82
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 69
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940023913 cation exchange resins Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012569 microbial contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 9
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims 8
- 229920003053 polystyrene-divinylbenzene Polymers 0.000 claims 4
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 26
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 22
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- FBEIPJNQGITEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachloroplatinum Chemical compound Cl[Pt](Cl)(Cl)Cl FBEIPJNQGITEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical class ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical group [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010442 halite Substances 0.000 description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011169 microbiological contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000619 316 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000212977 Andira Species 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101100164120 Caenorhabditis elegans asb-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical group [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical group Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589248 Legionella Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000007764 Legionnaires' Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BONOIDIOIVUTQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N OI.OI Chemical compound OI.OI BONOIDIOIVUTQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010349 cathodic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007248 cellular mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDBYXKQCPYUOMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(4+) Chemical compound [Pt+4] NDBYXKQCPYUOMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007348 radical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MKWYFZFMAMBPQK-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium feredetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O MKWYFZFMAMBPQK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+) Chemical compound [Sn+2] IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/02—Column or bed processes
- B01J47/06—Column or bed processes during which the ion-exchange material is subjected to a physical treatment, e.g. heat, electric current, irradiation or vibration
- B01J47/08—Column or bed processes during which the ion-exchange material is subjected to a physical treatment, e.g. heat, electric current, irradiation or vibration subjected to a direct electric current
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
- B01J49/30—Electrical regeneration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F1/46114—Electrodes in particulate form or with conductive and/or non conductive particles between them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
- C02F1/4674—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4676—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electroreduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/40—Cells or assemblies of cells comprising electrodes made of particles; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
- C02F1/4695—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis electrodeionisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
- C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/42—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
- C02F2201/46145—Fluid flow
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/141,675 US5419816A (en) | 1993-10-27 | 1993-10-27 | Electrolytic process and apparatus for the controlled oxidation of inorganic and organic species in aqueous solutions |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO944076D0 NO944076D0 (no) | 1994-10-26 |
| NO944076L NO944076L (no) | 1995-04-28 |
| NO309731B1 true NO309731B1 (no) | 2001-03-19 |
Family
ID=22496707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO944076A NO309731B1 (no) | 1993-10-27 | 1994-10-26 | Elektrolytisk prosess og system for oksydasjon eller reduksjon av uorganiske og organiske bestanddeler i vandige lösninger |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5419816A (fr) |
| EP (3) | EP0650929B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH07268675A (fr) |
| AT (3) | ATE218514T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU686234B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR9404257A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2134278A1 (fr) |
| DE (3) | DE69430723T2 (fr) |
| ES (3) | ES2177559T3 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2283249B (fr) |
| IS (1) | IS4228A (fr) |
| MY (1) | MY114134A (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO309731B1 (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA948341B (fr) |
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| GB8332088D0 (en) * | 1983-12-01 | 1984-02-08 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Electrochemical deionization |
| DE3430485A1 (de) * | 1984-08-18 | 1986-02-27 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Brennstoffzelle |
| US4758319A (en) * | 1985-05-24 | 1988-07-19 | Dorr-Oliver Incorporated | Dialyzing crossflow electrofilter with improved electrode |
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-
1993
- 1993-10-27 US US08/141,675 patent/US5419816A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-10-20 GB GB9421141A patent/GB2283249B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-21 MY MYPI94002799A patent/MY114134A/en unknown
- 1994-10-24 AU AU77435/94A patent/AU686234B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-10-24 ZA ZA948341A patent/ZA948341B/xx unknown
- 1994-10-25 CA CA002134278A patent/CA2134278A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1994-10-25 EP EP94116808A patent/EP0650929B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-25 EP EP01105792A patent/EP1118585B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-25 AT AT94116808T patent/ATE218514T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-25 ES ES94116808T patent/ES2177559T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-25 EP EP01105791A patent/EP1118589B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-25 IS IS4228A patent/IS4228A/is unknown
- 1994-10-25 DE DE69430723T patent/DE69430723T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-25 AT AT01105792T patent/ATE241569T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-25 DE DE69432914T patent/DE69432914T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-25 DE DE69432770T patent/DE69432770T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-25 AT AT01105791T patent/ATE244204T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-25 ES ES01105792T patent/ES2200995T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-25 ES ES01105791T patent/ES2202234T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-26 BR BR9404257A patent/BR9404257A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-26 NO NO944076A patent/NO309731B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-27 JP JP6264159A patent/JPH07268675A/ja active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-03-09 US US08/400,950 patent/US5609742A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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