NO136480B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO136480B NO136480B NO2381/71A NO238171A NO136480B NO 136480 B NO136480 B NO 136480B NO 2381/71 A NO2381/71 A NO 2381/71A NO 238171 A NO238171 A NO 238171A NO 136480 B NO136480 B NO 136480B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- electrode
- hydrate
- chlorine
- solution
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 58
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- ACXCKRZOISAYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular chlorine hydrate Chemical compound O.ClCl ACXCKRZOISAYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 43
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 43
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 27
- RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloral hydrate Chemical compound OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229960002327 chloral hydrate Drugs 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 11
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 halogen hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFSIEROJJKUHBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[Cl] Chemical group O.[Cl] MFSIEROJJKUHBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical compound BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Cs+] LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010325 electrochemical charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVLGAFRNYJVHBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrobromide Chemical compound O.Br GVLGAFRNYJVHBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PTECIXPBVVDNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular bromine;hydrate Chemical compound O.BrBr PTECIXPBVVDNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum-iridium alloy Chemical compound [Ir].[Pt] HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/365—Zinc-halogen accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
- H01M12/085—Zinc-halogen cells or batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00050054A US3713888A (en) | 1970-06-26 | 1970-06-26 | Process for electrical energy using solid halogen hydrates |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO136480B true NO136480B (ro) | 1977-05-31 |
| NO136480C NO136480C (no) | 1977-09-07 |
Family
ID=21963138
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO2381/71A NO136480C (no) | 1970-06-26 | 1971-06-23 | Fremgangsm}te for drift av en str¦mfrembringende sekund{rcelle |
Country Status (26)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US3713888A (ro) |
| JP (1) | JPS5128327B1 (ro) |
| AT (2) | AT318036B (ro) |
| BE (1) | BE769098A (ro) |
| BG (2) | BG19209A3 (ro) |
| CA (1) | CA990346A (ro) |
| CH (2) | CH575178A5 (ro) |
| DD (1) | DD94839A5 (ro) |
| DK (1) | DK134340B (ro) |
| ES (1) | ES392635A1 (ro) |
| FI (1) | FI60622C (ro) |
| FR (1) | FR2096510B1 (ro) |
| GB (1) | GB1339060A (ro) |
| IE (1) | IE35405B1 (ro) |
| IL (1) | IL36970A (ro) |
| IT (1) | IT942119B (ro) |
| NL (1) | NL171111C (ro) |
| NO (1) | NO136480C (ro) |
| PH (1) | PH12418A (ro) |
| PL (1) | PL82060B1 (ro) |
| RO (1) | RO61781A (ro) |
| SE (1) | SE375884B (ro) |
| SU (1) | SU401065A3 (ro) |
| TR (1) | TR17355A (ro) |
| YU (1) | YU35202B (ro) |
| ZA (1) | ZA713614B (ro) |
Families Citing this family (70)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3907592A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1975-09-23 | Energy Dev Ass | Halogen hydrates |
| US3935024A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1976-01-27 | Energy Development Associates | Halogen hydrates |
| BE791594A (fr) * | 1971-11-18 | 1973-05-17 | Omf California Inc | Production d'hydrate de chlore |
| US4127701A (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1978-11-28 | Energy Development Associates | Refuelable electrical energy storage device |
| US3793077A (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1974-02-19 | Occidental Energy Dev Co | Battery including apparatus for making halogen hydrate |
| US3779813A (en) * | 1972-08-21 | 1973-12-18 | Occidental Energy Dev Co | Manifold system for electrical energy storage systems |
| US3940283A (en) * | 1973-01-03 | 1976-02-24 | Energy Development Associates | Halogen hydrates |
| US3877990A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1975-04-15 | Occidental Energy Dev Company | Method of slowing escape of chlorine from metal-chlorine battery |
| US4020238A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1977-04-26 | Energy Development Associates | Control of generation of chlorine feed from chlorine hydrate for use in a metal chlorine electric energy storage device |
| US4107397A (en) * | 1973-08-24 | 1978-08-15 | Unigate Limited | Electro-chemical cells |
| FR2266958B1 (ro) * | 1974-04-05 | 1976-10-08 | Comp Generale Electricite | |
| US4025697A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1977-05-24 | Energy Development Associates | Apparatus for circulating electrolyte around multi-section batteries |
| US3993502A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1976-11-23 | Energy Development Associates | Metal halogen hydrate battery system |
| US4071660A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1978-01-31 | Energy Development Associates | Electrode for a zinc-chloride battery and batteries containing the same |
| US4037032A (en) * | 1976-05-05 | 1977-07-19 | Diamond Shamrock Technologies S.A. | Electric storage battery with valve metal electrodes |
| US4049880A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1977-09-20 | Energy Development Associates | Self-generating halogen liquification in a secondary battery |
| US4086393A (en) * | 1976-11-24 | 1978-04-25 | Energy Development Associates | Gas phase free liquid chlorine electrochemical systems |
| US4068043A (en) * | 1977-03-11 | 1978-01-10 | Energy Development Associates | Pump battery system |
| US4144381A (en) * | 1977-09-20 | 1979-03-13 | Energy Development Associates | Electrochemical pH control |
| US4237197A (en) * | 1978-04-03 | 1980-12-02 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Electrochemical system |
| US4320179A (en) * | 1978-04-03 | 1982-03-16 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Transference and purification of halogen and hydrohalic acid in an electrochemical system |
| US4146680A (en) * | 1978-06-15 | 1979-03-27 | Energy Development Associates | Operational zinc chlorine battery based on a water store |
| US4181777A (en) * | 1978-09-07 | 1980-01-01 | Diamond Shamrock Technologies S.A. | Rechargeable zinc halogen battery |
| US4200684A (en) * | 1978-11-24 | 1980-04-29 | P. R. Mallory & Co. Inc. | High rate discharge primary battery |
| US4218521A (en) * | 1978-12-08 | 1980-08-19 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Metal-halogen battery having reduced dendrite growth |
| US4273839A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-06-16 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Activating carbonaceous electrodes |
| US4241150A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1980-12-23 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method for control of edge effects of oxidant electrode |
| US4288507A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-09-08 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Control of edge effects of oxidant electrode |
| US4251568A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1981-02-17 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method of storing electrical energy |
| JPS5671271A (en) * | 1979-11-14 | 1981-06-13 | Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Metal-halogen secondary battery |
| US4307159A (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1981-12-22 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Zinc halogen battery electrolyte compositions with bismuth additive |
| US4306000A (en) * | 1980-04-29 | 1981-12-15 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method of cooling zinc halogen batteries |
| US4287267A (en) * | 1980-05-27 | 1981-09-01 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Zinc-chlorine battery plant system and method |
| NL8003193A (nl) * | 1980-05-31 | 1982-01-04 | Electrochem Energieconversie | Inrichting voor de toe- of afvoer van een fluidum aan de rand van een vlakke brandstofcelelectrode en een electrode-element en een brandstofcel voorzien van een dergelijke inrichting. |
| US4371825A (en) * | 1981-06-04 | 1983-02-01 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method of minimizing the effects of parasitic currents |
| US4370392A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1983-01-25 | The University Of Akron | Chrome-halogen energy storage device and system |
| US4385099A (en) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-05-24 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Metal halogen battery construction with improved technique for producing halogen hydrate |
| US4423121A (en) * | 1981-10-28 | 1983-12-27 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Metal halogen battery construction with combustion arrester to prevent self propagation of hydrogen-halogen reactions |
| US4414292A (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-11-08 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Metal halogen battery system |
| US4400446A (en) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-08-23 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Halogen hydrate storage device for mobile zinc-chloride battery systems |
| US4389468A (en) * | 1982-03-16 | 1983-06-21 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Metal halogen battery system with multiple outlet nozzle for hydrate |
| US4386140A (en) * | 1982-04-16 | 1983-05-31 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Multiple stage multiple filter hydrate store |
| US4413042A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1983-11-01 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Inert gas rejection system for metal halogen batteries |
| US4413040A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1983-11-01 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Hydrogen/halogen reactor system for metal halogen batteries |
| US4534833A (en) * | 1982-05-03 | 1985-08-13 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Zinc-chloride battery in a chlorine producing/consuming plant |
| US4581122A (en) * | 1982-06-09 | 1986-04-08 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | State of charge analytical apparatus |
| US4452868A (en) * | 1982-12-29 | 1984-06-05 | Gould Inc. | Metal-chlorine cell with storage of chlorine |
| US4585709A (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1986-04-29 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method and apparatus for regulating the hydrate formation temperature in a metal-halogen battery |
| JPS59182203A (ja) * | 1983-03-26 | 1984-10-17 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 塩素水和物生成槽 |
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| US9478803B2 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2016-10-25 | Primus Power Corporation | Electrolyte flow configuration for a metal-halogen flow battery |
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| US8928327B2 (en) | 2012-11-20 | 2015-01-06 | Primus Power Corporation | Mass distribution indication of flow battery state of charge |
| AU2014225947B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2017-10-19 | Primus Power Corporation | Reservoir for multiphase electrolyte flow control |
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| CN108028412A (zh) | 2015-07-21 | 2018-05-11 | 普里默斯电力公司 | 含有有机硫酸盐湿润剂的流动电池组电解质组合物和包含其的流动电池组 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR393332A (fr) * | 1908-07-29 | 1908-12-19 | Henri Alfred Leaute | Pile électrique de haut voltage supprimant la polarisation |
-
1970
- 1970-06-26 US US00050054A patent/US3713888A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-09-04 NL NLAANVRAGE7013131,A patent/NL171111C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1971
- 1971-06-02 IL IL36970A patent/IL36970A/en unknown
- 1971-06-03 ZA ZA713614A patent/ZA713614B/xx unknown
- 1971-06-03 CA CA114,771A patent/CA990346A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-06-16 BG BG017834A patent/BG19209A3/xx unknown
- 1971-06-16 BG BG021644A patent/BG22857A3/xx unknown
- 1971-06-17 IT IT51072/71A patent/IT942119B/it active
- 1971-06-21 JP JP46044749A patent/JPS5128327B1/ja active Pending
- 1971-06-23 FI FI1790/71A patent/FI60622C/fi active
- 1971-06-23 NO NO2381/71A patent/NO136480C/no unknown
- 1971-06-23 SE SE7108206A patent/SE375884B/xx unknown
- 1971-06-24 FR FR7123103A patent/FR2096510B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-06-24 YU YU1643/71A patent/YU35202B/xx unknown
- 1971-06-24 GB GB2971471A patent/GB1339060A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-06-25 PL PL1971149063A patent/PL82060B1/pl unknown
- 1971-06-25 DK DK313871AA patent/DK134340B/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 IE IE821/71A patent/IE35405B1/xx unknown
- 1971-06-25 CH CH940871A patent/CH575178A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 AT AT552371A patent/AT318036B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 DD DD156080A patent/DD94839A5/xx unknown
- 1971-06-25 AT AT50773*7A patent/AT328528B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 BE BE769098A patent/BE769098A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 RO RO67457A patent/RO61781A/ro unknown
- 1971-06-25 SU SU1678007A patent/SU401065A3/ru active
- 1971-06-25 TR TR17355A patent/TR17355A/xx unknown
- 1971-06-25 ES ES392635A patent/ES392635A1/es not_active Expired
- 1971-06-25 CH CH776775A patent/CH592574A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1972
- 1972-08-31 US US00282736A patent/US3809578A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-05-28 PH PH15878A patent/PH12418A/en unknown
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