NL2028400A - Single-row sowing and fertilizing machine with precision fertilization function - Google Patents

Single-row sowing and fertilizing machine with precision fertilization function Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2028400A
NL2028400A NL2028400A NL2028400A NL2028400A NL 2028400 A NL2028400 A NL 2028400A NL 2028400 A NL2028400 A NL 2028400A NL 2028400 A NL2028400 A NL 2028400A NL 2028400 A NL2028400 A NL 2028400A
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NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
seed
transport tube
rack
frame
Prior art date
Application number
NL2028400A
Other languages
Dutch (nl)
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NL2028400B1 (en
Inventor
Zhao Xuefeng
Xu Jie
Nan Zhenwu
Zhou Shuai
Wang Xuqing
Liu Lingyan
Meng Weiwei
Liu Kaichang
Wang Na
Original Assignee
Crop Res Inst Shandong Acad Agricultural Sciences
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Publication of NL2028400A publication Critical patent/NL2028400A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL2028400B1 publication Critical patent/NL2028400B1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B51/00—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus
    • A01B51/02—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus propelled by a motor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
    • A01C7/16—Seeders with other distributing devices, e.g. brushes, discs, screws or slides
    • A01C7/163—Gravity distributors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
    • A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
    • A01C15/006—Hoppers
    • A01C15/007—Hoppers with agitators in the hopper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
    • A01C7/12—Seeders with feeding wheels
    • A01C7/127—Cell rollers, wheels, discs or belts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
    • A01C7/208—Chassis; Coupling means to a tractor or the like; Lifting means; Side markers

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

A single-row sowing and fertilizing machine with a precision fertilization function relates to 5 the technical field of crop fertilization, and is used for realizing single-row precision sowing and fertilization. The single-row sowing and fertilizing machine includes a rack and further includes components that are sequentially arranged from the front to rear: a driving wheel, arranged at the front end of the rack, wherein a driving unit that drives the driving wheel to rotate is arranged on the rack; a fertilizer taking unit including a fertilizer box fixed on the rack, a bottom block arranged 10 on the inner side of the fertilizer box, a discharging block slidably arranged on the bottom block, and a lifting mechanism that drives the discharging block to move up and down, wherein a fertilizer transport tube is arranged below the rack, a furrow plough is fixed at the lower end of the fertilizer transport tube, and the upper end of the fertilizer transport tube is connected with a discharging nozzle; a seed taking unit including a seed box fixed on the rack and a seed taking mechanism 15 used for taking seeds in the seed box one by one, wherein a seed transport tube is arranged below the rack, the upper end of the seed transport tube is communicated with a through hole, and the lower end of the seed transport tube is fixed on a side wall at the lower end of the seed transport tube; and an earth covering unit, including earth covering wheels and a compacting wheel that are arranged below the rack on the front and rear sides. The present invention can 20 efficiently realize single-row sowing and fertilization.

Description

SINGLE-ROW SOWING AND FERTILIZING MACHINE WITH PRECISION FERTILIZATION
FUNCTION Technical Field The present invention relates to the technical field of crop fertilization, and particularly relates to a single-row sowing and fertilizing machine with a precision fertilization function.
Background Appropriate spacing among seeds shall be ensured for sowing, and thus high yield can be obtained. An appropriate fertilizing amount shall be ensured during fertilization, so that crops can grow well. Single-row sowing and fertilizing can be conducted by virtue of manual labor or small machinery only, instead of large sowing and fertilizing machinery.
Summary A purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-row sowing and fertilizing machine with a precision fertilization function for realizing single-row precision sowing and fertilization.
Technical solutions of the present invention for solving technical problems are as follows: the single-row sowing and fertilizing machine with the precision fertilization function includes a rack and further includes components that are sequentially arranged from the front to rear: a driving wheel, arranged at the front end of the rack, wherein a driving unit that drives the driving wheel to rotate is arranged on the rack; a fertilizer taking unit including a fertilizer box fixed on the rack, a bottom block arranged on the inner side of the fertilizer box, a discharging block slidably arranged on the bottom block, and a lifting mechanism that drives the discharging block to move up and down, wherein the upper surface of the bottom block includes two inclined surfaces intersecting with each other; a discharging hole is formed in the intersection of the two inclined surfaces; the discharging block is arranged in the discharging hole; a discharging nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box; a fertilizer transport tube is arranged below the rack; a furrow plough is fixed at the lower end of the fertilizer transport tube; and the upper end of the fertilizer transport tube is connected with the discharging nozzle; a seed taking unit including a seed box fixed on the rack and a seed taking mechanism used for taking seeds in the seed box one by one, wherein a through hole is formed in the bottom of the seed box; a seed transport tube is arranged below the rack; the upper end of the seed transport tube is communicated with the through hole; and the lower end of the seed transport tube is fixed on a side wall at the lower end of the seed transport tube; an earth covering unit, including earth covering wheels and a compacting wheel that are arranged below the rack on the front and rear sides.
Further, the rack includes a horizontal part and an inclined part. An arc-shaped first reinforcing rod is arranged between the horizontal part and the inclined part; and a second reinforcing rod is arranged between the first reinforcing rod and the rack.
Further, the driving unit includes a diesel fixed on the top of the rack, and a chain drive mechanism arranged between the diesel and the driving wheel.
Further, a vertical rod is fixed on the top of the discharging block; and agitator rods are fixed on side walls of the upper ends of the vertical rod and the discharging block.
Further, the lifting mechanism includes a fertilizer taking motor, a cam fixed at an output end of the fertilizer taking motor, and a driving rod that is fixed at the bottom of the discharging block and is always in contact with an outer wall of the cam.
Further, an inner shell and an outer shell on the inner and outer sides are arranged below the bottom block; a collection cavity is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell; the fertilizer taking motor is arranged on the inner side of the inner shell, the driving rod is slidably connected with the upper end of the inner shell; and the discharging nozzle is formed at the lower end of the outer shell.
Further, the seed taking mechanism includes a pair of belt wheels, a belt arranged between two belt wheels, and a seed taking motor that drives the belt wheels; and seed taking holes that are uniformly arranged are formed in the belt.
Further, a first protection plate and a second protection plate on the left and right sides are arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the seed box; a closed cavity is respectively encircled between the first protection plate and the inner wall of the seed box and between the second protection plate and the inner wall of the seed box; and the two belt wheels are respectively arranged in the two cavities.
Further, baffles are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the belt.
Further, a first fixed rod and a second fixed rod are fixed at the bottom of the rack; the upper end of the fertilizer transport tube is slidably arranged on the inner side of the first fixed rod; the earth covering wheels are rotationally mounted on a mounting rack; the upper end of the mounting rack is slidably arranged on the inner side of the second fixed rod; and jackscrews are arranged between the fertilizer transport tube and the first fixed rod and between the second fixed rod and the mounting rack.
The present invention has beneficial effects as follows: when the single-row sowing and fertilizing machine with the precision fertilization function provided by the present invention is used, the whole rack is driven to move by the driving unit positioned on the front side of the rack, and then the handle is held by an operator to control the moving direction. When the seed taking unit is operated, fertilizers in the fertilizer box are continuously taken out and drop into earth ditches via the fertilizer transport tube. The fertilizer taking mount can be adjusted by the fertilizer taking unit by adjusting an action frequency of the fertilizer taking motor, i.e., the fertilizing amount is adjusted. Meanwhile, the seeds are obtained by the seed taking unit from the seed box one by one and then transferred into the earth ditches for sowing. During sowing, seed spacing may be adjusted by adjusting an action frequency of the seed taking motor. The seeds can be continuously taken due to continuous actions of the seed taking mechanism, thereby avoiding empty holes. Earth which is dug by furrowing is collected in the earth ditches by the earth covering unit and finally compacted by the compacting wheel, thereby realizing sowing and fertilization. The present invention is simple in structure. Compared with large sowing and fertilizing equipment, the present invention is simple in structure and convenient to maintain. Moreover, single-row seeding and fertilization may be realized during operation of the present invention. During fertilization, the fertilizing amount can be adjusted, and fertilization is uniform. During sowing, the sow spacing may also be adjusted. Finally, the earth covering can be realized, thereby further ensuring the sowing efficiency during single-row sowing. Description of Drawings Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a driving unit; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fertilizer taking unit; Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a seed taking unit; Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an earth covering unit, and Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a furrowing unit.
In the figures: 1-rack; 11-handle; 12-first reinforcing rod; 13-second reinforcing rod; 2-driving wheel; 21-chain box; 22-chain drive mechanism; 23-diesel; 3-fertilizer box; 31-bottom block; 311- inclined surface; 32-supporting plate; 33-discharging block; 331-vertical rod; 332-agitator rod; 333-driving rod; 34-outer shell; 341-discharging nozzle; 35-inner shell; 36-fertilizer taking motor; 37-cam; 4-seed box; 41-first protection plate; 42-second protection plate; 43-belt wheel; 44-belt; 441-seed taking hole; 45-seed taking motor; 46-through hole; 47-baffle; 48-seed transport tube; 5-fertilizer transport tube; 51-furrow plough; 52-first fixed rod; 6-earth covering wheel; 81- mounting rack; 62-second fixed rod; 7-compacting wheel; 71-mounting rod; 8-jackscrew.
Detailed Description As shown in Figs. 1-8, the present invention mainly includes a rack 1, a driving unit, a fertilizer taking unit, a seed taking unit and an earth covering unit. The present invention is described below in detail in combination with drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1, the rack 1 is a basic component of the present invention. A handle 11 is arranged on the rear side of the rack; the rack mainly includes a horizontal part and an inclined part; an obtuse angle is formed between the horizontal part and the inclined part; a first reinforcing rod 12 is arranged between the horizontal part and the inclined part; the first reinforcing rod is an arc-shaped rod; and a second reinforcing rod 13 is arranged between the first reinforcing rod and the rack, thereby ensuring structural strength of the whole rack.
A driving wheel 2 is arranged at the front end of the rack; and a driving unit that drives the driving wheel 2 to move is arranged on the rack.
As shown in Fig. 2, the driving unit includes a chain box 21 arranged between the rack and the driving wheel; a chain drive mechanism 22 arranged on the inner side of the chain box 21, and a diesel 23 arranged on the rack.
The output end of the diesel 23 is fixedly connected with a driving chain wheel of the chain drive mechanism; and a driven chain wheel of the chain drive mechanism is coaxial with the driving wheel.
A wheel carrier is arranged between the driving wheel and the rack for supporting and mounting the driving wheel.
A fertilizer taking unit is arranged on the rear side of the diesel.
As shown in Fig. 3, the fertilizer taking unit mainly includes a fertilizer box 3, a bottom block 31 arranged on the inner side of the fertilizer box, a discharging block 33 arranged on the bottom block, and a lifting mechanism that drives the discharging block to move up and down.
The fertilizer box 3 is of a cylindrical hollow structure or a cuboid hollow structure.
The bottom block 31 is arranged on the inner side of the fertilizer box and fixedly contacted with the inner wall of the fertilizer box; two inclined surfaces 311 are formed in the upper surface of the bottom block 31; lower ends of the two inclined surfaces intersect with each other; a discharging hole is formed in the intersection of the two inclined surfaces; the lower end of the discharging block is positioned in the discharging hole; the upper end of the discharging block 33 is of a conical structure; and the lower end of the discharging block is of a cylindrical structure.
A vertical rod 331 that is vertically arranged is fixed on the top of the discharging block; agitator rods 332 are fixed on side walls of the upper ends of the vertical rod and the discharging block; and the vertical rod and the agitator rods move up and down along with the discharging block.
Fertilizers in the fertilizer box can drop via the discharging hole under dead weight and can roll and slide towards the discharging hole along the inclined surfaces.
A driving rod 333 is fixed at the bottom of the discharging block; a supporting plate 32 is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer box and on the inner side of the fertilizer box; a mounting hole is formed in the middle of the supporting plate; an outer shell 34 is fixed in the mounting hole; and the outer shell is of a conical structure that is large in upper end and small in lower end.
A discharging nozzle 341 is arranged at the lower end of the outer shell 34; an inner shell 35 is arranged on the inner side of the outer shell; the upper end of the inner shell 35 is conical; and the lower end of the inner shell is cylindrical or cuboid.
A fertilizer taking motor 36 is arranged on the inner side of the inner shell, a cam 37 is fixed at the output end of the fertilizer taking motor 36; and the cam 37 is always in contact with the driving rod.
When the fertilizer taking motor rotates, the cam can be driven to rotate; and due to rotation of the cam, the driving rod may be driven to move up and down, thereby further driving the discharging block 33 to move up and down.
When the discharging block 33 moves out of the discharging hole, fertilizers in the fertilizer box may penetrate through the discharging hole to move downwards.
The upper part of the inner shell is conical; and a collection cavity used for collecting the fertilizers is encircled between the outer wall of the inner shell and the inner wall of the outer shell.
The upper end of the inner shell is further slidably connected with the driving rod. The upper part of the collection cavity is annular; and the lower part of the collection cavity is conical. After dropping via the discharging hole, the fertilizers first drop on the outer wall of the inner shell, so that the fertilizers will roll in all directions. Due to the arrangement of the outer shell, the fertilizers are limited; and finally, after penetrating 5 through the whole collection cavity, the fertilizers drop via the discharging nozzle. The lifting mechanism is composed of the fertilizer taking motor, the cam and the driving rod; and the discharging block is driven to move up and down under the action of the lifting mechanism. When the discharging block moves upwards, the agitator rods are in contact with the fertilizers in the fertilizer box, and the caked fertilizers are crushed. The driving rod is always in contact with the outer wall of the cam under the dead weight of the discharging block.
A fertilizer transport tube 5 is arranged below the fertilizer box. As shown in Fig. 6, a furrow plough 51 is fixed at the lower end of the fertilizer transport tube; a first fixed rod 52 is arranged above the fertilizer transport tube; the first fixed rod is of a hollow structure; the upper end of the first fixed rod is fixed at the bottom of the rack; and the upper end of the fertilizer transport tube is slidably arranged on the inner side of the first fixed rod. To fixedly lock the fertilizer transport tube and the first fixed rod, a jackscrew 8 is arranged on the outer wall of the first fixed rod; and the fertilizer transport tube and the first fixed rod are fixedly locked by the jackscrew 8. During operation, earth is furrowed by the furrow plough at first, and then the fertilizers in the fertilizer transport tube drop into the earth ditches to realize fertilization.
As shown in Fig. 1, a seed taking unit is arranged on the rear side of the fertilizer taking unit. As shown in Fig. 4, the seed taking unit includes a seed box 4, and a seed taking mechanism arranged on the inner side of the seed box. A first protection plate 41 is arranged on the left side of the lower end of the seed box; a second protection plate 42 is arranged on the right side of the lower end of the seed box; and a closed cavity is respectively encircled between the first protection plate and the inner wall of the seed box and between the second protection plate and the inner wall of the seed box. Belt wheels 43 are rotationally arranged in the two cavities; a belt 44 is arranged between the two belt wheels; a plurality of uniformly arranged seed taking holes 441 are formed in the outer side wall of the belt; the middle of the belt is directly exposed in the seed box; and the seed box is filled with seeds. Baffles 47 are arranged between the first protection plate and the second protection plate; totally two baffles are arranged on the front and rear sides; and the belt is arranged between the two baffles. Thus, the seeds are arranged above the first protection plate, the baffles, the upper side of the belt and the second protection plate. According to the arrangement of the baffles, the seeds can be prevented from dropping into a space below the belt. A seed taking motor 45 is arranged in a cavity encircled by the second protection plate and the seed box; and the seed taking motor 45 is used for driving the belt wheel in the cavity to rotate. Thus, the belt can be driven to move under the action of a driving motor; the seeds in the seed box drop into the seed taking hales during movement of the belt; and only one seed can be contained in each of the seed taking holes. Therefore, the seeds can be taken out of the seed box one by one. The taken seeds move along the belt and then enter the cavity encircled by the first protection plate and the inner wall of the seed box. A through hole 48 is formed in the bottom of the seed box; and the cavity encircled by the first protection plate and the inner wall of the seed box is communicated with the through hole, so that the seeds on the belt may drop after penetrating through the through hole.
A seed transport tube 48 is fixed on a side wall of the fertilizer transport tube. The seed transport tube is a hose; the upper end of the seed transport tube is communicated with the through hole; and the lower end of the seed transport tube is fixed on a side wall at the lower end of the fertilizer transport tube. The seeds that drop via the through hole enter the seed transport tube and finally drop into the earth ditches.
An earth covering unit is arranged on the rear side of the seed taking unit. As shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the earth covering unit includes earth covering wheels 6 and a compacting wheel 7 that are arranged on the front and rear sides. The two earth covering wheels are arranged in an inverted splayed shape; the earth covering wheels are rotationally mounted on a mounting rack 61; a second fixed rod 62 is fixed at the bottom of the rack; the upper end of the mounting rack is slidably arranged in an inner cavity of the second fixed rod; and a jackscrew 8 is arranged between the second fixed rod and the mounting rack, thereby fixedly locking the mounting rack and the second fixed rod by the jackscrew.
The compacting wheel is arranged on the rear side of the earth covering wheels and rotationally mounted on a mounting rod 71; and the mounting rod is fixedly connected with the rack. During use, the handle is held by an operator to support the rack. When the rack moves forwards, earth which is dug by furrowing is collected towards the middle by the earth covering wheels; the earth ditches are filled; and then the earth is compacted by the compacting wheel.
When the present invention is used, the whole rack is driven to move by the driving unit positioned on the front side of the rack, and then the handle is held by the operator to control the moving direction. When the seed taking unit is operated, the fertilizers in the fertilizer box are continuously taken out and drop into the earth ditches via the fertilizer transport tube. The fertilizer taking mount can be adjusted by the fertilizer taking unit by adjusting the action frequency of the fertilizer taking motor, i.e., the fertilizing amount is adjusted. Meanwhile, the seeds are obtained by the seed taking unit from the seed box one by one and then transferred into the earth ditches for sowing. During sowing, the seed spacing may be adjusted by adjusting an action frequency of the seed taking motor. The seeds can be continuously taken due to continuous actions of the seed taking mechanism, thereby avoiding empty holes. Earth which is dug by furrowing is collected in the earth ditches by the earth covering unit and finally compacted by the compacting wheel, thereby realizing sowing and fertilization. The present invention is simple in structure. Compared with the large sowing and fertilizing equipment, the present invention is simple in structure and convenient to maintain. Moreover, single-row seeding and fertilization may be realized during operation of the present invention. During fertilization, the fertilizing amount can be adjusted, and fertilization is uniform.
During sowing, the sow spacing may also be adjusted.
Finally, the earth covering can be realized, thereby further ensuring the sowing efficiency during single-row sowing.

Claims (10)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Een eenrijige zaai- en mestmachine met een precisiebemestingsfunctie, omvattende een gestel en voorts componenten die achtereenvolgens van voren naar achteren zijn gerangschikt: — een aandrijfwiel, geplaatst aan de voorzijde van het gestel, waarbij een aandrijfeenheid die het aandrijfwiel aandrijft, op het gestel is gerangschikt; — een eenheid voor het opnemen van meststoffen, omvattende een meststofbak die op het gestel is bevestigd, een bodemblok dat aan de binnenzijde van de meststofbak is geplaatst, — een afgifteblok dat schuifbaar op het bodemblok is geplaatst, en een hefmechanisme dat het afgifeblok op en neer beweegt, waarbij het bovenoppervlak van het bodemblok twee hellende oppervlakken omvat die elkaar snijden; waarbij een afgifte-opening wordt gevormd in het snijpunt van de twee hellende vlakken; waarbij het afgifteblok is gerangschikt in de afgifte-opening; waarbij een afgifte-mondstuk op de bodem van de meststofbak is gerangschikt; waarbij een meststof-transportbuis onder het gestel is gerangschikt; waarbij een schaarploeg is bevestigd aan het lagere uiteinde van de meststof-transportbuis; en het hogere uiteinde van de meststof-transportbuis is verbonden met het afgifte-mondstuk; — een zaadneemeenheid omvattende een zaadbak die op het gestel is bevestigd en een zaadneemmechanisme dat wordt toegepast om zaden in de zaadbak één voor één op te nemen, waarbij in de bodem van de zaadbak een doorvoeropening is gevormd; waarbij een zaadtransportbuis is onder het gestel is gerangschikt; waarbij het bovenste uiteinde van de zaadtransportbuis in verbinding staat met de doorvoeropening; en het onderste uiteinde van de zaadtransportbuis bevestigd is op een zijwand bij het onderste uiteinde van de zaadtransportbuis; — een aardebedekkingseenheid, omvattende aardebedekkingswielen en een aandrukwiel die aan de voor- en achterzijden onder het gestel zijn gerangschikt.1. A single row seeding and fertilizer application with a precision fertilization function, comprising a frame and further components arranged in sequence from front to back: — a drive wheel, placed at the front of the frame, wherein a drive unit driving the drive wheel is mounted on the frame is ranked; — a fertilizer holding unit, comprising a fertilizer trough fixed to the frame, a bottom block placed on the inside of the fertilizer trough, — a delivery block slidably mounted on the bottom block, and a lifting mechanism that lifts the delivery block up and down moves down, wherein the top surface of the bottom block includes two inclined surfaces that intersect; wherein a discharge opening is formed at the intersection of the two inclined planes; wherein the dispensing block is arranged in the dispensing opening; wherein a dispensing nozzle is arranged on the bottom of the fertilizer container; wherein a fertilizer transport tube is arranged below the frame; wherein a shear plow is attached to the lower end of the fertilizer transfer tube; and the higher end of the fertilizer transport tube is connected to the delivery nozzle; - a seed taking unit comprising a seed box mounted on the frame and a seed taking mechanism used to receive seeds in the seed box one by one, a passage opening being formed in the bottom of the seed box; wherein a seed transport tube is arranged below the frame; wherein the upper end of the seed transport tube communicates with the passage opening; and the lower end of the seed transport tube is mounted on a side wall at the lower end of the seed transport tube; — an earth cover unit comprising earth cover wheels and a pressure wheel arranged at the front and rear under the frame. 2. De eenrijige zaai- en bemestingsmachine met de precisiebemestingsfunctie volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het gestel een horizontaal deel en een hellend deel omvat; waarbij een boogvormige eerste versterkingsstaaf tussen het horizontale deel en het hellende deel is gerangschikt; en een tweede versterkingsstaaf tussen de eerste versterkingsstaaf en het gestel is gerangschikt.The single row seeding and fertilizing machine with the precision fertilizing function according to claim 1, wherein the frame comprises a horizontal portion and an inclined portion; wherein an arcuate first reinforcing bar is arranged between the horizontal portion and the inclined portion; and a second reinforcing bar is arranged between the first reinforcing bar and the frame. 3. De éénrijige zaai- en mestmachine met de precisiebemestingsfunctie volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de aandrijfeenheid een dieselmotor omvat die aan de bovenzijde van het gestel is bevestigd, waarbij een kettingaandrijvingsmechanisme tussen de dieselmotor en het aandrijfwiel is gerangschikt.The single row seeding and fertilizer application with the precision fertilizing function according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit comprises a diesel engine mounted on the top of the frame, wherein a chain drive mechanism is arranged between the diesel engine and the driving wheel. 4. De éénrijige zaai- en mestmachine met de precisiebemestingsfunctie volgens conclusie 1, waarbij een verticale staaf op de bovenzijde van het afgifteblok is bevestigd; en roerstaven op zijwanden van de hogere uiteinden van de verticale staaf en het afgifteblok zijn bevestigd.The single-row seeding and fertilizer application with the precision fertilizing function according to claim 1, wherein a vertical bar is mounted on the top of the delivery block; and stirring bars are mounted on side walls of the higher ends of the vertical bar and the dispensing block. 5. De eenrijige zaai en bemestingsmachine met de precisiebemestingsfunctie volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het hefmechanisme een meststofopnamemotor omvat, waarbij een nok is bevestigd aan een uiteinde van de kunstmestopnamemotor, en een drijfstang is bevestigd aan de onderkant van het afvoerblok, en altijd in contact is met een buitenwand van de nok.The single row seeding and fertilizing machine with the precision fertilizing function according to claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism includes a fertilizer pickup motor, a cam is attached to one end of the fertilizer pickup motor, and a connecting rod is attached to the bottom of the discharge block, and is always in contact. with an outer wall of the ridge. 6. De éénrijige zaai en bemestingsmachine met de precisiebemestingsfunctie volgens conclusie 5, waarbij een binnenschaal en een buitenschaal aan de binnen- en buitenzijden onder het bodemblok zijn gerangschikt; waarbij een verzamelholte wordt gevormd tussen de binnenschaal en de buitenschaal; waarbij de meststofopnamemotor aan de binnenzijde van de binnenschaal is gerangschikt; waarbij de drijfstang glijdbaar is verbonden met het bovenste uiteinde van de binnenschaal, en het afgifte-mondstuk aan het lagere uiteinde van de buitenschaal is gevormd.The single row seeding and fertilizing machine with the precision fertilizing function according to claim 5, wherein an inner shell and an outer shell are arranged on the inner and outer sides below the bottom block; wherein a collecting cavity is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell; wherein the fertilizer intake motor is arranged on the inner side of the inner shell; wherein the connecting rod is slidably connected to the upper end of the inner shell, and the dispensing nozzle is formed at the lower end of the outer shell. 7. De éénrijige zaai- en mestmachine met de precisiebemestingsfunctie volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het zaadneemmechanisme een paar riemwielen omvat, waarbij een riem tussen twee riemwielen is gerangschikt, en waarbij een zaadneemmotor de riemwielen aandrijft; en waarbij de zaadneemopeningen die gelijkmatig zijn gerangschikt gevormd in de riem zijn gevormd.The single row sowing and fertilizer application with the precision fertilizing function according to claim 1, wherein the seed taking mechanism comprises a pair of belt wheels, a belt being arranged between two belt wheels, and wherein a seed taking motor drives the belt wheels; and wherein the seed taking openings arranged evenly are formed in the belt. 8. De eenrijige zaai- en bemestingsmachine met de precisiebemestingsfunctie volgens conclusie 7, waarbij een eerste beschermplaat en een tweede beschermplaat aan de linker- en rechterzijden op de binnenzijde van het lagere uiteinde van de zaadbak zijn gerangschikt; waarbij een gesloten holte tussen enerzijds de eerste beschermplaat en de binnenwand van de zaadbak en anderzijds de tweede beschermplaat en de binnenwand van de zaaikist is omsloten; en waarbij de twee bandwielen in de twee holtes zijn gerangschikt.The single-row seeding and fertilizing machine with the precision fertilizing function according to claim 7, wherein a first guard plate and a second guard plate are arranged on the left and right sides on the inner side of the lower end of the seed box; wherein a closed cavity is enclosed between on the one hand the first protective plate and the inner wall of the seed box and on the other hand the second protective plate and the inner wall of the seed box; and wherein the two belt wheels are arranged in the two cavities. 9. De eenrijige zaai en bemestingsmachine met de precisiebemestingsfunctie volgens conclusie 8, waarbij keerschotten aan respectievelijk de voor- en achterzijde van de band zijn geerangschikt.The single row seeding and fertilizing machine with the precision fertilizing function according to claim 8, wherein baffles are arranged at the front and rear of the tire, respectively. 10. De éénrijige zaai- en mestmachine met de precisiebemestingsfunctie volgens conclusie 1, waarbij een eerste vaste stang en een tweede vaste stang aan de onderkant van het gestel zijn bevestigd; waarbij het bovengelegen uiteinde van de meststoftransportbuis schuifbaar aan de binnenzijde van de eerste vaste stang is gerangschikt; waarbij de aardebedekkingswielen roteerbaar op een montagegestel zijn bevestigd, waarbij het bovengelegen uiteinde van het montagegestel schuifbaar aan de binnenzijde van de tweede vaste stang is gerangschikt; en waarbij schroefbouten tussen de meststoftransportbuis en de eerste vaste stang en tussen de tweede vaste stang en het montagegestel zijn gerangschikt.The single-row seeding and fertilizer application with the precision fertilizing function according to claim 1, wherein a first fixed rod and a second fixed rod are attached to the bottom of the frame; wherein the upper end of the fertilizer conveying tube is slidably arranged on the inside of the first fixed rod; wherein the earth cover wheels are rotatably mounted on a mounting frame, the upper end of the mounting frame being slidably arranged on the inside of the second fixed rod; and wherein threaded bolts are arranged between the fertilizer transfer tube and the first fixed rod and between the second fixed rod and the mounting frame.
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