LV13636B - Technique and device for inductive mixing of liquid metal - Google Patents

Description

1. Paņēmiens šķidra metāla induktīvai maisīšanai atstarojoša tipa krāsns vannā magnētiska skrejlauka ar frekvenci 50-60 Hz iedarbības rezultātā, kas atšķirīgs ar to, ka uz šķidro metālu ar magnētisko lauku iedarbojas horizontālā virzienā gar kameras, kas novietota aiz krāsns, dibena plakni, pie kam: šķidro metālu magnētiskā lauka iedarbības rezultātā pārsūknē no kameras gar tās dibenu uz vannu plakanas zemlīmeņa strūklas veidā; šķidrais metāls pārtek uz kameru, nomainot galvenokārt no vannas augšējā slāņa izspiesto metālu; kustības laikā gar kameras dibenu šķidrais metāls grimst dibenā un izmaina kustības virzienu uz pretējo attiecībā pret kustības virzienu kameras ieejā; uz šķidro metālu ar magnētisko skrejlauku iedarbojas augstumā (0,1^-0,5)H no krāsns vannas dibena, kur H ir vannas dziļums; strūklas ieplūdes ātrumu un šķidrā metāla masas padevi regulē, mainot induktora tinumā spriegumu robežās (0,5-1,1)U_nom, kur U_nom ir tīkla nominālais spriegums; šķidro metālu vannā maisa pulsējošā režīmā, maisīšanas periodus nomainot ar pauzēm.

2. Paņēmiens pēc 1. punkta, saskaņā ar kuru šķidrā metāla rafinēšanu krāsns vannā veic, caurpūšot pārsūknējamo metālu gāzu un kušņu maisījumu, un kameras slēgto tilpumu virš šķidrā metāla aizpilda ar barbotējamo gāzi.

3. Paņēmiens pēc 1. punkta, saskaņā ar kuru sasmalcinātus metāllūžņus vai skaidas padod uz metāla virsmas, kas pārvietojas gar kameru, un izkausē tādu to daudzumu, kas pietiekams krāsns vannas piepildīšanai līdz nominālam metāla līmenim, pie kam magnētiskā skrejlauka pārvietošanas virzienu gar kameras dibenu reverse un šķidro metālu no vannas pārlej krāsnī-uzkrājējā (mikserī) vai citā tilpnē, atstājot daļu šķidrā metāla kausēšanas krāsns vannā, pēc tam magnētisko lauku reversē, atsāk sasmalcināto metāllūžņu ievadi kamerā un turpina metāllūžņu kausēšanu pārsūknējamajā šķidrajā metālā.

4. Aparāts šķidra metāla induktīvai maisīšanai saskaņā ar 1. punktā definēto paņēmienu, kurš ietver magnētiskā skrejlauka ar frekvenci 50-60 Hz induktoru un caurteces traktu no izturīga pret šķidrā metāla iedarbību materiāla, kas atšķirīgs ar to, ka aparāts izveidots moduļa veidā, kura sastāvā ietilpst karkass ar tajā izvietotu bloku, pie kam: gar bloka garenasi stiepjas kamera, kuru pa garumu norobežo bloka gala siena; induktors novietots horizontāli zem kameras sienas; kameras garenass un induktora ass atrodas kopīgā vertikālā plaknē; karkass aprīkots ar kravas satveršanas ierīci tās pacelšanai un pārvietošanai, atloku un detaļām moduļa stiprināšanai pie krāsns vannas sienas.

5. Aparāts pēc 4. punkta, kurš satur starpbloku (pārejas bloku), uzmontētu vannas sienā, kurā ir logs, pie kam loga profils un izmēri sienas ārējā pusē ir identiski kameras logam bloka galā, loga dibens pārejas blokā pa kameras platumu izveidots ar slīpumu uz krāsns vannas dibena pusi un logs kameras dibena līmenī paplatinās uz krāsns vannas pusi.

6. Aparāts pēc 4. punkta, kura kameras gala sienā ir kanāls-atvere, kurai pievienota caurule šķidrā metāla caurpūšanai ar gāzu un kušņu maisījumu.

7. Aparāts pēc 4. punkta, kura kameras vākā ir atvere un atverei piekļaujas sistēma smalcinātu metāllūžņu vai skaidu padevei uz kameru.

8. Aparāts pēc 4. vai 7. punkta, kura kameras gala sienā ir slīps kanāls plakanas spraugas veidā, kanālam tā augšējā daļā pievienota tekne šķidrā metāla pārliešanai no krāsns vannas citā tilpnē, pie kam spraugas-kanāla augstums iecirknī, kas piekļaujas kameras dibenam, atrodas robežās (1-2)d, kur d - mainīgā magnētiskā lauka ar frekvenci 50-60 Hz iekļūšanas dziļums šķidrajā metālā.

9. Aparāts pēc 4. vai 8. punkta, kurā kanālam tā augšdaļā pievienota caurule - sifons šķidrā metāla pārliešanai no krāsns vannas citā tilpnē.

CnOCOB Η ΑΠΠΑΡΑΤ JfJISI HHJļVKIfHOHHOrO ΠΕΡΕΜΕΙΠΗΒΑΗΗΗ JKILJKOEO METAJIJIA

HacToamee H3o6peTeHne othochtch κ MeTannypraH, κοΗκρετΗΟ - κ cnoco6aM h ycTpoficTBaM ajm nepeMeniHBaHHH hchakoto MeTanna (βμομηηηη, ero cnnaBbi) β ββηηβχ nenen orpaiKaTenbīioro rana

IIpeAniecTByK)mHe Η3οδρετβΗΗΗ

B HHAyKHHOHHi>ix nenax bonbīuaH nacra moihhocth μηγηητηογο nona Hcnonb3yeTCH ajih HarpeBa, nepeMeuiHBaHHe χοηακογο MeTanna - conyTCTByioinHH nponecc. H3o6peTeHHe HanpaBneHO Ha npenocTaBneHne cnoco6a h annapaTa, npeAHa3HaneHHoro γπηβηβιμ o6pa3OM Ann HHAyKHHOHHoro nepeMeniHBaHHH ικηακογο MeTanna.

PbBecTeH ΜβτοΑ h annapaT [naTeHT US 5,948,138; īssidorov Ε. A. “Method and apparatus for stirring of molten mētai using electromagnetic field”, Int. Cl. C22B9/187] ņmi nepeMeniHBaHHH ικηακογο MeTanna b BHHHe nenn c Hcnont3OBaHHeM oneKTpoMarHHraoro nona. Hhavktop 6eryinero μηγηητηογο nona ycTaHOBneH βαοηβ BepTHKanbHOH CTeHKH nenn. B CTeHKe HMeeTCH προτοΗΗΒίκ τρηκτ c KaHanoM ajih ικηακογο MeTanna. CTpya iKHAKoro MeTanna, nocTynaioinaH b BaHHy H3 KaHana, HanpaBneHa rnaBHbiM o6pa3OM baohb CTeHKH BaHHbi. HenocTaTKaMH, orpaHHUHBaioiiiHM npHMeHeHHe AaHHoro MeTona h annapaTa, hbhhiotch:

- HTeHCHBHOCTB cTpyiiHoro nepeMeuiHBaHHH b cepeAHHe β3ηηει MeHbine, neM baohb CTeHKH, no3TOMy ahh nnaBneHHH TBēpAoro MeTanna b cepeAHHe βηηηβι ΗεοδχοΑΗΜΟ AonoHHHTenbHoe MexaHHnecKoe nepeMeniHBaHHe;

- Heo6xoAHMOCTb AJiHTenbHOH οοτβηοβκη neuH nnn neMOHiaiKa HHAyKTopa h 3aMeHbi πηκτ ajih ohhctkh KaHana ot rnnaKOB.

K3BecTHa nenb [naTeHT US 4,685,657; Kunio Okubo, Ise et al. “Melting Fumace”, Int. Cl. C22B9/16] co CTanHOHapHbiM KapMaHOM BAonb Topna nenn, ποα ahom κοτοροτο ycTaHOBneH HHAyKTop. J1ho KapMaHa η aho ββηηβι paenononceiibi Ha oahom ypoBHe. TonmHHa AHa KapMaHa paBHa TonumHe AHa BaHHBi. MeTann nepeKaHHBaeTCH βαοηβ KapMaHa h nocTynaeT b BaHHy nepe3 οκηο b CTeHKe nenn. PlHTeHCHBHOcra nepeMeniHBaHHH b cepeAHHe ββηηβι MeHbiue, neM no KpaHM. Obnacra npHMeHeHHH orpaHHHeHa, t.k. ahh nepeKanHBaHHH χηακόιό MeTanna hco6xoahm HHAyKTop c 6ohbihhmh ηηη6ηηβιμη pa3MepaMH.

IdbBecTHO H3o6peTeHHe [naTeHT US 4,355,789, Boris Dolzhenkov at al. “Gas pump for stirring molten mētai”], ņejib κοτοροτο -npeflocTaBJieHHe ycTponcTBa ajih nepeMeniHBaHHH, He Tpe6yioiuero' KaKOH-ηηδο cymecTBeHHOH nepecTpoHKH πβββηιιβηοη nenn η κοτοροε αοιοκηο očecnenHTb οφφεκτΗΒΗοε CTpyfiHoe nepeMemiiBaHiie τκηακογο MeTanna b BaHHe π.οβηηβηοη nenn. flepeMeniHBaHHe ocymecTBJiHeTCH b nyjn>cHpyioineM peiKUMe. īlocTaBneHHaH uenb He AocramyTa, t.k. Macca ικηακογο MeTanna, KOTopan MoaceT Obitb BEiopomeHa b BaHHy nenn b rhac cipvjī, He MomeT npeBBiiiiaTb BMecTHMOCTH Tpy6bi ycTpoHCTBa. K HeflocTaTKaM αβηηογο ycTpoHCTBa othochtch h TpynoēMKocTb ohhctkh Tpy6bi ot HiJiaKOB, cnoncHOCTb MexaHHHecKoro npHBona nepeMemeHHH Tpy6bi Hacoca.

HpoojieMa npenocTaBneHHH ycTpoHCTBa, ajih ycTaHOBKH κοτοροτο He Tpe6yeTCH 3HaHHTejihHOii nepeAeJiKH nenn, nacranHO perneHa corjiacHO 3aHBi<e Ha naTeHT [Patent Application ,N°: US 2005/0035503 Al, A.M.Peel et al, “Fumaces and methods of melting”, Int. Cl. C21C5/42], IlepeMeuiHBaTejib BbinojiHeH β Bnne MOAyJin, BKJnonaioiHero 3JieKTpoMarHHTHbiH Hacoc h rarent, κοτορηιε coeAHHeHHbi c nensjo Tpy6aMH. HeAOCTaTKaMH AaHHOrO yCTpOHCTBa HBJIHIOTCH Heo6xOAHMOCTb nOCTOHHHOH HHpKyjIHIIHH bo H36e>KaHHe 3aMopax<HBaHHH b rpy6ax ζκηακογο MeTanna h TpyA0ēMK0CTb peMOHTanca Bcero ycTpoScTBa ajih ohhctkh ot iiuiaKa. K cymecTBeHHbiM HeAOCTaTKaM cneAyeT oraecra h to, hto noBepxHOCTb HKHAKoro MeTajina β BopoHKe, očpa3yioineHCH npn BpamsHHH ικηακογο MeTajuia b THrae, ORHCJineTCH η οκηοηβη miēHKa 3aBonaKHBaeTCH b obbēM nepeKaHHBaeMoro ikhakoto MeTajina.

B KanecTBe npoTorana, β κοτοροΜ Hančonee 6jih3ko nocTHniyTbi nenn H3očpeTeHHH, npeAJiaraeTCH 3ηηβκη Ha naTeHT [UK Patent application GB 2 389 645; A. Houghton “Apparatus for stirring molten mētai comprising electromagnetic induction”, 17.12.2003]. B cocTaB annapaTa βχοαητ ΗΗΑγκτορ 6erymero μηγηητηογο nojin h npoTOHHbiH TpaKT b BHAe JKējioOa β δηοκε. Bjiok BcrpoeH b cTeHKy ββηηβι nenn. DKhakhh MeTajui υηρκγπΗργετ ποα fleHCTBHeM 6erymero Manraraoro ποαη HHAyKTopa, ycTaHOBJieHHoro ποα ηβκηοηηβιμ ahom xējio6a. CKpan (ApočnēHbiH MeTajui, cipviKKa), noflaēTCH b ncēnoč Ha noBepxHocrb nepeKaHHBaeMoro MeTanna h 3th MaTepnanbi 3aMeniHBaioTCH b hchakhh MeTann. nocne peBepcnpoBaHHH HanpaBjieHHH pacnpocTpaHeHHH 6erymero μηγηητηογο ποπη ikhakhh MeTann noflHHMaercH no naKJiOHHOMy >Kēno6y h nepenHBaeTCH H3 nenn b Apyryio eMKOCTb. HeAOCTaTKaMH, orpaHHHHBaioiiiHM npHMeHeHHe ΑΑηηογο annapaTa, hbjihiotch:

- npn ypoBHe >κηακογο MeTanna HHnce BepxHero Topņa HHAyKTopa MarHHraoe none BAonb BepxHeH nacra HHAyKTopa He Hcnonb3yeTCH aah nepeMeuiHBaHHH μηακογο MeTanna,

- HHTeHCHBHoe nepeMeniHBaHHe, OKHCJieHne h 3aMeniHBaHHe okchaob npn nepennee jKHflKoro MeTanna.

- TpynoēMKOcTb, THJKēnbīe ycnoBHa Tpyna h Heo6xoflHMocTb οοτηηοβκη nenn Ha AnuTenbHbiH οροκ npn 3aMeHe ππητ b flHe ncēnoča nan ΗΗηγκτοροΜ,

OnHcaHHe H3o6peTeHHH

H3o6peTeHHe HanpaBneHo Ha npenocTaBneHHe cnocoča h annapaTa nnn Čonee οφφεκτΗΒΗΟτο no cpaBHeHHio c aHanoraMn nepeMeniHBaHHH >khakoto MeTanna β BaHHe nenH OTpajKaTenbHoro rana c ncnonb3OBaHHeM čerymero Maranraoro nonn, He Tpe6yioniero Ann ycTaHOBKH annapaTa 3HannTenbHoro nepeycTponcTBa nenn η απη peMOHTa κοτοροτο Tpe6yeTcn μηηημηπβηηη no npoflonncHTenbHocra ocraHOBKa nenn. AnnapaT npennasnanen απη Hcnonb3OBaHHH b cocTaBe nenen KaK απη nnaBneHHH TBēpnoro MeTanna, TaK n nenenκοπηπβηηκοβ απη ρΗφιΐΗΐιροΒΗΗΗη JKHflKoro MeTanna η πρΗΓοτοΒπεΗΗΗ cnnaBOB.

MoAmļiHKanHH annapaTa MoryT ncnonb3OBaTbCH απη 3aMeniHBaHHH n nnaBneHHH b CTpye nepeKannBaeMoro ικηακογο MeTanna pa3nnnHbix bhaob npočnēHoro CKpana, a TaK nce nna nepennBa jkhakoto MeTanna H3 nenn.

Lļenb AOCTnraeTCH πντέΜ co3flaHHn TaKoro xapaKTepa nepeMeniHBaHHH, πρκ κοτοροΜ jkhakhh Menann H3 BepxHero cnon b BaHHe nenn, HarpeToro nnaMeHeM ropenoK, norpyn<:aeTCH β 30He AencTBHH červiflero MarHHTHoro nona η abiizKctch b BHfle πποεκοκ 3aT0nneHH0H CTpyn βαοπβ flHa βηηηβι nenn co CKopocraro, Heo6xoflHMon απη pa3MbiBaHHH 3aBaflKH TBepfloro MeTanna Ha flHe βηηημ.

Cnocoč ocyiflecTBnHeTCH c Hcnonb3OBaHneM annapaTa, κοτορΜΗ BMnonHeH b BHfle OTflenbHoro M0flynn, BKmonaiomero b cboh cocTaB ΗΗΑγκτορ 6erymero Maranraoro ποπη h δηοκ, β κοτοροΜ HMeeTca προτοΗΗΜΗ TpaKT β BHfle KaMepbl, orpaHHneHHOH no flflHHe TopneBOH ctchkoh čnoKa. Ηηαυκτορ pacnononceH ropH3OHTanbHO nofl KaMepoH, MOflynb CHaČJKēH cpeflcraaMH απη ero nepeMeineHHH h KpenneHHa Ha CTeHKe BaHHM nenn. Moflynb coČHpaeTca ao ycTaHOBKH Ha nenb. B CTeHKe BaHHM ycTaHOBneH 6noK-nepexoflHHK c okhom, HMetoniHM c napy>KHOH οτοροΗΜ CTeHKH φopMy h pa3Mepbi KaMepM β npHCTaBHOM βποκε.

J1ho OKHa pacnononceHO Ha bmcotc οτ “0.1H” flo “0,5H” ot flHa BaHHM, rfle “H”rnyČHHa BaHHM. Πρκ ypoBHe MeHbine “Ο,ΙΗ” h cooraeTCTBeHHo npH HH3KOM TennocoflepjKaHHH χηακογο MeTanna β BaHHe nenn nepeMeiHHBaHHe πρκ nnaBneHHH TBepfloro MeTanna ηεοφφεκτΗΒΗΟ. MaKCHManbHaa BbicoTa “0,5H” orpaHHHHBaeTca τεΜ, ητο c yBenHneHHeM bbicotm flHa OKHa b nepexoflHHKe Hafl ahom BaHHM yMeHbmaeTca BbicoTa CTonča ικηακογο MeTanna, KOTopaa onpeflenaeT MeTanflocTaranecKoe flaBfleHne, non fleūcTBHeM κοτοροτο žkhhkhh MeTann nepeTeraeT H3 βηηηβι b KaMepy. 3to πρΗΒοηπτ κ yMeHbffleHHK) nocTynneHH» b KaMepy H3 ββηηβι αήακογό MeTanna, yBennHeHHio noTepb oneKTpOMarHHTHOĪi moihhocth Ha nepeMeiiiHBaHHe ηηιηκοτο MeTanna HenocpencTBeHHO b KaMepe h, ksk cnencTBHe. - κ chhjkchhio ckopocth nocTvnncHHa cTpyn b BaHHy neHH.

TļaBjienne ηογακογο MeTanna Ha aho KaMepbi, pacnonon<eHHofi Bbnne flHa BaHHM, MeHBuie Ha Ah =(0,l-0,5)H h onacHocTB προτεπκΗ ικηακογο MeTanna nepes πηητμ, OTflenmoHine HHnyxTop, MeHbine, HeM b H3BecTHbix annapaīax aHanorHHHoro Ha3HaHeHna. IŪHpHHa OKHa b δηοκε-περεχοηΗΗκε yBenHHHBaeTcn b CTopoHy BaHHM. BnoK-nepexonHHK Μοχετ 6bitb CHaSncēH neperopoflKoS c MexaHii3MOM nnn eē nepeMeineHH» c Hentio perynHpoBaHM bmcotbi OKHa b 3aBHCHMOCTH οτ ypoBHn χηηκογο MeTanna b BaHHe nenn.

CTpyīiHoe nepeMeniHBaHHe ocvmecTBnaiOT b nynbCHpyionieM pencHMe. Ckopoctb nocTynneHHS CTpyn b BaHHy b nnana30He ot 0,5 no 5,0 m/c h Macca nepeKaHHBaeMoro b TeneHHe oflHoro nepnona ncHflKoro MeTanna (οτ 0,3 no 3,0G Maccti χηακογο MeTanna b BaHHe nenn) ycīanaBflHBaeTCx b 3aBHCHMOCTH οτ οτβ,π,ηη τ6χηο;ιοιήηοοκογο npouecca.

PacļtHHHpoBaHHe τκηακογο MeTanna b BaHHe nenn oevinecrBJiHioT nyTēM nponyBKH nepeKaHHBaeMoro MeTanna ra30(ļ)niocoBOH cMecbio b KaMepe annapaīa. CMecb nponyBaiOT b 3OHe, rne tkhhkhh MeTann H3MeH»eT HanpaBnenne ΑΒίπκεΗΗ» h norpvncaeTca κ flHy KaMepbi.

AnnapaT HMeeT μοαηΦηκβηηιο, οτπηηηϊοιηυϊοοη τεΜ, hto TopiieBaa cTeHKa KaMepbi BbmonHeHa c jtoiohom b CTopoHy CTeHKH nenn h Han KaMepon ycTaHOBneH MexaHH3M nonann yKa3aHHbix MaTepnanoB..

XapaKTep nBHnceHH» τκηακογο MeTanna bhohb h no BticoTe KaMepbi, πρκ κοτοροΜ hhtKhhh cnoii MeTanna flBHaceTca β ηροτΗΒοηοηοτκΗΟΜ πο οτΗΟίηβΗΗΐο κ BepxHeMy HanpaBneHHH, no3Bon»eT peanH3OBaTb cnocoo nnasneHnn TBēpnoro MeTanna b KaMepe, κοτορΒίΗ OTJiHHaeTcn τεΜ, hto crpyn ικηακογο MeTanna, ABHn<ymanc» Bnonb ποΒερχΗοετιι. pa3MMBaeT hhikhiok) nacTb 3aBanKH nonaBaeMoro b KaMepy npoOnēHoro TBēpnoro MeTanna πο;ιο6ηο TOMy, KaK ocvmecTBnneTcn nnaBneHne CjThtkob, KpynHoro cKpana πρκ CTpyHHOM nepeMemHBaHHH τκη,πκογο MeTanna b BaHHe nenn. TBēpflbiH MaTepnan norpyncaeTca B »<HflKHH MeTann b KaMepe non neHCTBHeM CBoero Beca (npoOnēHbiH μοηοηητηβιη hom), a cTpy>i<Ka h npynie Biīnbi nerKOBecHoro ηροδηέΗοτο CKpana npHTannHBaiOTC» MexaHHHecKHMH ycTpoHCTBaMH, HanpHMep, umeKOM. IlnaBneHHe npononmaeTcn npn norpy)KeHHH CTpyn c 3axBaneHHbiMH KycKaMH CKpana h nanbHeHineM eē nepeflBH)KeHHH Bnonb nHa KaMepbi. HacTb CKpana BcnnbīBaeT b KaMepe h CHOBa yBneKaeTcn nepeTeKaroniHM H3 BaHHbi H<HflKHM MeTannoM b 3OHy 3arpy3KH TBēpnoro MeTanna. Πρκ TaKOM cnocoSe nnaBneHHn CHHJKaiOTc» ποτερη MeTanna h ero 3arpa3HeHHe oKcnnaMH.

MoninķiJKani-ia annapaTa, KOTopaa npenHaiHanena nna ocymecTBneHHa nonojiHHTejibHon φγΗκηηη - nepejiHBa χηηκογο MeTanna, oTJiHnaeTca τβΜ, ητο β τορρεΒοκ οτβΗκε KaMepBi HMeeTca KaHan, npnMbiKaioiHHH β ηηχη60 nacira κ nHy KaMepBi, a β ΒερχΗεκ - κ xēno6y nna nepenHBa ικηπκογο MeTanna H3 ββηηβι nenn b npyryio ēMKOCTb. ΤΚηπκηη

MeTann non neHCTBHeM oervīpero MarHHTHoro nona, pacnpocTpaHaiomeroca βηοββ nHa b ετοροΗγ TopneBOfi CTeHKH KaMepBi, pa3roHaeīca bhojib nna KaMepBi, nonHHMaeTCa no KaHany h nanee no xēno6y nepenHBaeTca b ēMKOCTb 3a npenenaMH βηηηβι nerra. B ΜοηκφΗΚΗΐΐΗΗ annapaTa nna ηηπυκιιηοηηο-οηΦοηηογο nepenHBa nHHaMunecKHH Hanop οτργκ oSecnenHBaeT nontēM χηηκογο MeTanna no KaHany Ha ΒΒίεοτγ, nocTaTOHHyio nna

BBiTecHeHHa B03nyxa H3 τργ6Βΐ-εηφθΗ3 Han KaMepon, h nepenne χηηκογο MeTanna H3 nenn προΗοχοηπτ KaK non neficīBneM MarHHTHoro nona, TaK η b pe3ynBTaTe ηοποπβ30ββηηκ οφφεκτΗ εκφοΗΒ.

OnHCBiBaeMBiH cnocoū nepenHBa πο3Βοηηετ peanH3OBaTB cnocoū nnaBneHHa npoSneHoro CKpana, οτηηηηιοηιηηοβ τεΜ, ητο nocnenyioinee nocne nepenHBa nacra χηηκογο MeTanna nnaBneHHe cKpana προΗ3Βοηκτοη b ocTaiomeMca b BaHHe χηπκομ MeTanne, γροεβΗΒ κοτοροτο - μηηημβπβηβιη no Hanana nonann CKpana h MaKCHManBHBiH no oKOHnaHHH nonann - BbinepxHBaeTca b οπτημ3πβηομ nnana3OHe.

KpaTKoe oimcamie περτεχεκ

Η3θ6ρετβΗΗε nanee onnoaHO πρκ πομοιη,η npHMepa co ccbmkoh Ha npnnaraeMBie ηερτεχΗ, rne:

- Φηγ.1 Monynb b coēpaHHOM Bnne;

- Φηγ.2 O6ihhh βηπ Monyna Ha CTeHKe κργτηοη nerra;

- Φηγ.3 Οδιρκή bhh Monyna Ha CTeHKe npaMoyronBHOH nenn;

- Φηγ.4 Monyn& (μοπηΦηκηιιη3 c KaMepon ρΗφΗΗκροΒΗΗΗη), προηοηΒΗΒίκ pa3pe3;

- Φηγ. 5 Μοπγηκ (μοπηΦηκβηηη nna 3aMeuiHBaHHa οτργχκκ, nepenHBa χηηκογο MeTanna);

- Φηγ.6 Monynb (ΜοηηφΗκηη,Ηη nna 3aMeuiHBaHHa οτργχκκ, nepenHBa χηηκογο

MeTanna), προποπΒΗΒΐΗ pa3pe3;

- Φηγ.7 Monynb Ha CTeHKe κργτηοη nenn, npononbHBiH pa3pe3;

- Φηγ.8 Monynb Ha CTeHKe κργτηοη nerra, γορη3οητβπβηβιη pa3pe3.

Monynb (Φηγ.1, 4 h 5) BKmonaeT b cboh cocTaB ΗΗπγκτορΙ 6erymero MarHHTHoro nona h npaMoyronbHBiH δετοιίΗΒΐη δηοκ 2, βποηβ κοτοροτο HMeeTca KaMepa 3. J1ho KaMepBi

3 Mexny npononbHbiMH CTeHKaMH 6noKa περεκρΒίτο πηητημη 4, Han KaMepoii 3 ycTaHOBJieHa KpbiuiKa 5. B τορηε KaMepbi 3 HMecTcn HaKaoHHoe OTBepcrae 6, κ κοτοροΜγ npHcoeflHHeHa Tpy6a 7 aaa noaanH b KaMepy ra30<ļMK>C0B0ii CMecH.

Κ κρΒίιπκε 8 (Φηγ.6) npHMbiKaeT CHCTeMa 9 nonaun b KaMepy apoOaēHoro CKpana cTpy)KKn. Β τόρμε otoh KaMepbi HMeeTcs KaHaa 10, BbinoaHeHHHH b BHae naocKOH meaH, BbicoTa κοτοροκ β npeaenax (l,0-2,0)d“ (d” - rayČHHa npoHHKHOBeHHa nepeMeHHoro MarHHTHoro nona β hchakhh MeTaaa). B BepxHefi nacra KaMepbi κ KaHaay npHMbiKaeT acēaoč 11. EaoK 2 c KaMepoū, pa3MemēH b MeTanannecKOM KOpnyce 12. ΗΗΑγκτορ 1 h Kopnyc 12 cHačiKeHbi npiDKHMaMH 13 aaa Φηκοοηηη HHayKTopa 1 Ha Kopnyce 12. Kopnyc HMeeT ctohkh 14 c KoaēcaMH h rpy3O3axBarabie npHcnocočaeHHa aaa noabēMa h nepeMemeHHa Moayaa.

Moayab ycTaHaBaHBaeTca Ha CTeHKe ββηημ nenn. ray6HHa βτηηη - “H”. IlpoaoabHaa ocb Moayaa (Φηγ.2 h 8) προχοΑΗΤ nepe3 neHTp Kpyraon BaHHH. B CTeHKe ββηηβι HMeeTca 6aoK-nepexoaHHK 15 c okhom, pa3Mepbi η προφΗΑΒ κοτοροτο c HapyxHOH CTOpoHbi CTeHKH C00TBeTCTByiOT KaMepe 3 b npHCTaBHOM Moayae. ZIho 16 OKHa b δηοκε 15 HMeeT no HiHpHne KaMepbi 3 yKaoH oraocHTeahHO aHa 17 BaHHH nenn. Eokobhc CTeHKH 18 OKHa b 6aoKe-nepexoaHHKe 15 pacnoaoaieHbi noa yraoM κ npoaoabHon och η οκηο β nepexoflHHKe pacniHpaeTca b CTopoHy BaHHH, npnnēM aho 19 pacniHpaioinHXca b čaoKe ynacTKOB OKHa βαοπβ 6okobhx CTeHOK 18 pacnoaoaceHO Ha ypoBHe ana KaMepbi 3.

Πρκ ycTaHOBKe Moayaa Ha creHKe npaMoyronbHOH nenn (Φηγ.3) οκηο β οηοκε pacniHpaeTca co CTopoHH BaHHH b oaHy H3 οτοροΗ h btot vnacroK OKHa 20 HMeeT Ha BHae b nnaHe φopMy TpeyrojibHHKa.

OnHcaHHe pa6oTbi

Moayab coČHpaeTca ao υοτηηοβκη Ha nenb. EaoK-nepexoaHHK ycTaHaBHHBaeTca b npoēM b CTeHKe BaHHH nenn. Ha noBepxHOCTb 6aoKa-nepexoflHHKa b CTeHKe BaHHH npHKJieHBaioT npoKaaaKH H3 ynpyroro HarpeBOCTOHKoro MaTepnana h πρητκημηιοτ Moayni> κ 6aoKy-nepexoflHHKy.

TBēpaHH MeTaaa (cahtkh, CKpan) 3arpyacaioT Ha hho BaHHH, 3aTeM HarpeBaioT h njiaBHT noa AeHCTBHeM riJiaMeHH ropenoK nenn. Ha HanajībHOH CTaflHH naaBJieHHA TeMnepaTypa ικηακογο MeTaaaa, CTeKaromero Ha aho BaHHH, paBHa TeMnepaType KpHCTaaaH3aHHH. B KaMepy 3 tkhakhh MeTaaa nocTynaeT nocae noabēMa Ha BbicoTy (0,10,5)H ot AHa BaHHH (“H”-ray6HHa βηηηη). Ha ΗΗΑγκτορ noaaioT HanpaaieHTe η ηβηηηηιοτ nepeMeuiHBaHHe τκηακογο MeTaaaa. Πρκ MeHbiueM ypoBHe h cooTBeTCTBeHHO πρκ hh3kom TennocoaepacaHHH ηιηακογο MeTaaaa nepeMeniHBaHHe ΗεοφφεκτΗΒΗΟ. PeacHM nepeMeniHBaHHa: - οκοροοτΒ CTpyn Ha Bxone b BaHHy h npoflOJincHTenbHOCTb nepeMeniHBaHHa - MHHHManbHbie. TChakhh Μβτβηη H3 BepxHero cjioa β BaHHe nepeTeKaeT b KaMepy 3 Ha CMeHy nepeKanHBaeMOMy. Πρκ otom jkhakhh MeTann ABiDKerca no BbicoTe KaMepti 3 β προτΗΒΟποηοτκΗΗΧ HanpaBJieHHax h c pa3HbiMH ckopoctamh.

B 30He AencTBHa 6erymero μηγηητηογο nona οκοροοτΒ flBHmeHHa πηοοκοη CTpyn baojīb AHa KaMepbi 3 μβκοημβπβηηα h Sticrpo cHHJKaerca no Mepe yflaneHHa ot AHa KaMepbi. TpaAHeHT CKopocTeii ΑΒΗ>κεΗΗη no BhicoTe KaMepti 3 πρηβοαητ κ B03HHKH0BeHHio b KaMepe 3 rpaAHeHTa βαβηθηκα h KaK cneflCTBHe - BepTHKanbHoii u,HpKynauHH jkhakoto MeTanna. MeTajui H3 BepxHero cjioa, hmcioihhh 6onee BbicoKyio TeMnepaTypy h cooTBeTCTBeHHO 10 6onee jiērKHH MeTann, neM y AHa, 3acaci>iBaeTca b 3OHy rioHHnceHHoro flaBneHHA κ flHy KaMepbi 3 h BO3BpamaeTca b BaHHy nenH b BHfle 3aTonneHHofi cipvii. Πρη ABHmeHHH baojiL· HaKJioHHoro AHa OKHa b 6jioKe-nepexoAHHKe 15 CTpya norpya<aeTca BcneflCTBHe “θφφεκτη npHjinnaHHA κ TBēpAOH ποΒερχΗοετη” h AaJiee pacnpocTpaHaeTca baojiL· AHa βηηηβι nenn.

B nenn, HMeiomeH Kpyrnyio φορΜγ, CTpya jkhakoto MeTanna προχοΑητ nepe3 neHTp

BaHHbi c MaKCHManbHOH cKopocTbio, oSecneHHBaeMOH annapaTOM, h pa3MMBaeT ocHOBaHHe 3aBanKH TBēpAoro MeTanna Ha AHe. Πρκ stom β BaHHe nenn o5pa3yiOTca flBa HanpaBneHHbix HaBCTpenv flpyr flpyry ΗΗρκγπΑΗΗΟΗΗΗχ KOHTypa, jkhakhh MeTann H3 κοτορΒίχ cMeuiHBaeTca β οκηθ b 6noKe-nepexoflHHKe 15 η πρκ flBHmeHHH Bflonb KaMepbi annapaTa. CMeinHBaeTca Ta nacrb ικηακογο MeTanna, KOTopaa nepeTeKaeT b KaMepy Bflonb 6okobbix ετεΗοκ 18 Hafl αηομ 19 pacninpaioiiīHXca b 6noKe-nepexoflHHKe 15 vnacTKOB OKHa.

B nenn c npaMoyronbHOH φορΜΟΗ βηηηβι MOflynb ycTaHaBnnBaeTca TaK, ητο ero npoflonbHaa ocb προχοΑητ ποα yrnoM κ οτεκκε nenn h cTpya HanpaBneHa β οτοροΗγ noflHHMaroiflerocA κ flBepHOMy npoēMy nenn ynacTKa flHa ββηηβι. tKhakhh MeTann nepeTeKaeT H3 ββηηβι b KaMepy rnaBHbiM o6pa3OM Bflonb cTemaa paeninpaiomeroca κ BaHHe ynacTKa OKHa b OnoKe-nepexoflHHKe h jkhakhh MeTann b BaHHe nofl fleHCTBHeM ετργκ, nocTynaiomeH H3 KaMepBi, npnBOflHTca TaK »;e, KaK η b nenn c κργτηοη βηηηοη, bo BpainaTenBHoe flBHnceHHe.

CKopocTb nocTynneHHa CTpyn jkhakoto MeTanna β B3HHy perynnpyeTca ιιντέΜ H3MeHeHHa HanpajKeHHfl Ha οδΜοτκε HHflyKTopa ηπη nacTOTM nepeMeHHoro tokh. flHanaaoH perynHpoBaHHa nacTOTbi nepeMeHHoro TOKa - 1,0....60,0 Γη. llepeMeiHHBaHHe ocymecTBJiaioT b nynbCHpyioifleM peiKHMe, nepeflya nepeMeuiHBaHHe npofloniKHTebHocTbio 3-10 mhh., b TeneHHe κοτοροτο nepeKanneaiOT οτ 0,5G ao 3,0G, rfle “G” , Th - Macca jKHflKoro MeTanna b BaHHe nenH, nay3aMH npoflon>KHTenbHocTbio ot 3 mhh. h 6onee. llepeMeiHHBaHHe b nynbcnpyiomeM pencHMe HMeeT no cpaBHeHHio c HenpepbiBHbiM nepeMeuiHBaHHeM npeHMymecTBa, τ.κ. c oahoh CTopoHbi yBennnHBaeTca CTeneHb

Typ6yjui3auHH μακογο MeTanna b BaHHe neHH, a c ApyroH - yMeHbinaeTcn 3a cnēT nay3 npoAonjKHTentHocTt BKnioHeHHA HHAVKTopa h cooTBeTCTBeHHO CHH>KaeTca pacxon aneKTpHHecKOH 3HeprnH h oSnernaeTcn τοπλοβοη peMM paSorai HHAj'KTopa.

MaKCHMantHO HHTeHCHBHoe nepeMeniHBaHHe ocymecTBnnioT nocne τογο, ksk TBēpABffl MeTann nonHocTBio pacnnaBHTcn Ha CTannn HarpeBa μακογο MeTanna ao 3aAaHHofl TeMnepaTypBi h npn oOpaSorae μακογο MeTanna (ķmocaMH. MnHHanbHan HHTeHCHBHOCTB nepeMeuiHBaHHn (cKopocrb CTpyn He 6onee 1,0 m/c) HačniOABeTcn Ha CTaAHH npoMbiBKH KaMepbi περετεοκητίΗΜ H3 ββηηβι makhm MeTannoM.

Ohhctkv μακογο Meranna ot BOAopoAa h OKCHAa anioMHHHn ocymecTBnnioT nyTēM npoAyBKH nepeKaHHBaeMoro μακογο MeTanna ra3o<ļ)niocoBOH cMecbio. CMeeb noAaēTcn b jkhakhh MeTann nepea HaKnoHHoe OTBepcrae β τορηε SnoKa ποα AaBneHHeM, Heo6xoAHMbiM Ann BbrrecHeHHB χηακογο MeTanna H3 oTBepcran. TasojiniocoBan CMeeb 6ap6orapyeTcn nepe3 ABHncyHcn HaBCTpeny makhh MeTann. HHeprabiH ra3 c οοτβτκημη Ģnioca 3anonHneT oobēM KaMepbi Han makhm MeTannoM h očecneHHBaeT samuTv HHTeHCHBHo nepeMeniHBaeMOH BcnnbīBaiOHiHMH ny3bipxMH ra3a noBepxHocra MeTanna οτ oKHcneHHn.

IlepeMeiHHBaHHe μακογο MeTanna Ha ctaahh ρΒφΗΗΗροΒΒΗκη ocymecTBnneTcn b HenpepbiBHOM pencHMe (6e3 nay3).

Β ΜΟΑΗφκκΒίΐΗΗ annapaTa (Φηγ.5 h 6) aim nnaBneHHn ApoSnēHoro CKpana h cTpy>KKH MaTepnan noAaiOT b KaMepy nepes OTBepcrae b κρΗΐπκε 8 Han KaMepoii 3. JfpoSnēHbiH MaTepnan yBneKaeTcn CTpyēH μακοιό MeTanna κ AHy KaMepbi η nnaBHTcn b nepeMeniHBaeMOM MeTanne. Ilocne 3aBepmeHHn nnaBneHHn ApoonēHoro MaTepnana h noAbēMa ypoBHn β BaHHe ao HOMHHanbHoro 3HaneHHn HannaBneHHbin Ha 3toh ctbauh makhh MeTann nepennBaioT H3 nnaBnnbHOH nenn β Apyryio ēMKoera. fljia BbinonHeHHn 3toh onepamiH H3MeHmoT πορηηοκ HepenoBairan φa3 očmotkh HHAyKTopa - peBepcHpyioT HanpaBneHne pacnpocTpaHeHHn 6erymero μβγηητηογο nonn.

)Khakhh MeTann non neficTBHeM μαγηητηογο nonn, pacnpocTpaHmouierocn β CTOpoHy TopueBOH ctchkh KaMepbi 3, pa3roHneTcn Bnonb AHa KaMepbi h noAHHMaeTcn no KaHany 10. AHHaMHHecKHH Hanop CTpyn, ABH5KymeHcn baoab AHa KaMepbi, očecnenHBaeT noAtēM >KHAKoro MeTanna no KaHany 10 Ha BbicoTy, HeočxoAHMyio nnn nepennea μακογο MeTanna H3 nenn no ncēnočy 11.

IlepenHB μακογο MeTanna H3 nenn momt προκεχοΑΗΤΒ KaK ποα AeficTBHeM toabko MaraHTHoro nonn, TaK η b pe3ynbTaTe AononHHTenbHoro ncnonb3OBaHHn rpaAHeHTa noTeHHHanBHOH SHepran H3-3a pa3HHHM ypoBHe0 Meamy nepenHBaeMHM MerannoM b KaMepe h eMKocra, Kyna nponcxoAHT nepennB. Jļrvi ocymecTBneHHn οτογο cnocoča nepenHBa κ KaHany β ΒερχΗεκ ero nacra npHCoeAHHnioT τpy6y-CHφoH h 3anonH®OT eē >khakhm MeTajuioM, BErrecHJM H3 Heē BO3,ayx. Χηακηη MeTajin noAHHMaeTcn no Kanany h HannHaeT nepenHBaTbca no Tpy6e εκφοΜ no# ņenTBHeM MarHHTHoro nona. ĪIocjieAyiomee nocne nepejiHBa nacTH χηακογο MeTanna nnaBneHHe cKpana ripoiriBOAHTca b ocratomeMcn b BHHHe >khjīkom MeTanne.

nocne nepenHBa «ηακογο MeTanna H3 nenn nponsBOAiiTca onncTKa crenoK KaMepbi οτ rnnaKOB. IlepHonHHHOCTb hhctok ycTaHaBnHBaeTcn TexHOnorHHecKHM pernaMeHTOM. fina peMOHTa Moņynb CHHMaeTca c nenn. Πρκ stom He Tpe6yeTca oxnaxņaTb nent, khk aro HeoOoņHMO ņnn peMOHTa annapaTa-npOTorana. BsaMCH οηητογο Ha nenb MoaceT Sbitb ycTaHOBneH pe3epBHBiij Moņynb, npoAonacHTenbHocTb ocTaHOBKH nenn πρκ stom cbojihtcs k MHHHMy.

Cnoco6 HHņyKiļHOHHoro CTpyHHoro nepeMeiHHBaHHa, npeAHa3HaneHHoro Ana noBBimeHii οφφεκτΗΒΗοετΗ nnaBneHHn MeTanna b BaHHe nenn, ņenee rioacHēH Ha cnenviomeM npHMepe. OnHcaHHe cnocoSa npHBOAHTca nnn nenn OTpancaTenBHoro THna c KpyrnoH BaHHOH, CHaSacēHHOH ropenKaMH Aaa HarpeBa h nnaBneHHa TBēpnoro MeTanna, 3arpyxaeMoro Ha aho ββηηβι. BMecTHMOCTB ββηηβι - Macca jkhakoto MeTanna - 60 Τη. B CTeHKe BaHHEi HMeeTca npoēM, β κοτοροΜ pacriojioncen 6noK-nepexoAHHK. ī/nacTOK nna OKHa b 6noKe-nepexoAHHKe c HapyniHOH ctopohbi CTeHKH HaxoAHTca Ha BBicoTe 250 mm. naņ ahom BaHHbl. Tny6HHa βηηηβι -900 mm. MonvnB ycTaHOBneH Ha CTeHKe nenn h npHMBiKaeT κ OKHy b CTeHKe ββηηβι. Rho KaMepbi β Monyne paenonomeHo Ha BbicoTe 250 mm OTHOCHTenbHO AHa ββηηβι nenn. ΙΐΗΑγκτορ pacnononceH ποα ahom KaMepbi. jļnHHa KaMepbi 1300 mm. MaTepnan AJia H3roTOBneHHa 6jiokob, ππητ - δετοΗ CARATH 1400LC AL, REFRAX RC. MoAyJib 3aKpennēH Ha Kopnyce nenn 6οπτημη, μοκαυ TopueM 6noKa h 6noKOM-nepexoAHHKOM b CTeHKe BaHHbl HMeeTca npoKJiaAKa H3 ynpyroro MaTepnana (Duraboard, 10 mm). OneKTpmiecKoe nHTaHHe: - 400B, 50Tn, 3 φΒ3Βΐ, moihhoctb 65 kBt.

TBēpABiH MeTann (cahtkh, cnpan) 3arpyacaioT Ha aho βηηηβι, βκηιόηβιοτ ropenKH h HarpeBaioT MeTann. IlepeMemHBaHHe ικηακογο MeTanna ηηηηηβιοτ nocne pacnnaBneHHa nacra MeTanna, αοοτβτοηηοη nna noAbēMa ypoBHa ικηακογο MeTanna Ha BbicoTy 300-350 mm. HaA ahom BaHHbl nenH. PenoiM nepeMeiHHBaHHa: - HanpaaceHHe Ha HHAyKTOpe 280-320 B, npoAonacHTenbHOCTb nepeMeniHBaHHs/nay3 - 3/3 mhh. ΠροΑοηικΗτεπΒΗοοτΒ HHKna ycTaHaBnHBaioT no npoAoniKHTenbHOCTH noAtēMa ypoBHa >κηακογο MeTanna Ha BbicoTy 500550 mm. PeiKHM nocneAyiomero nepeMeiHHBaHHa: - HanpaaceHHe Ha ΗΗΑγκτορε 100% (400 B; Phom. kBt), npoAonaoiTenbHocTb nepeMeuiHBaHH»/'nay3 - 5/5 mhh., προΑΟΗτΚΗτεπΒΗΟοτΒ HHKna - ao nonHoro pacnnaBneHHa TBēpAoro MeTanna. Ckopoctb πηοεκοκ cTpyH Ha εχοΑε b

BaHHy - 3,0 m/c. MaccoBan nogana - ao 12 Th/mhh. ΠροΑοπικΗτεπΒΗοσΓΒ nepeMeuiHBaHHA/nay3 πρκ HarpeBe χηακογο MeTanna ao 3Ααβηηοη TeMnepaTyp&i....6/3MHH. CneAyioinan onepapM - yAaneHHe H3 5κηακογο MeTanna sonopona h OKCHAa ηαιομηηηη, ocymecTBnneTcn προΑΥΒΚΟΗ nepeKanHBaeMoro ικηακογο MeTanna ra30<ļ>niocoBOH CMecbio. CMect noAaeTcn b jkhakhh MeTann nepe3 HamioHHoe oTBepcrae β TOpue 6noKa ποα AaBJieHHeM 0,5-1,0 6ap. ΠροΑοητκΗτεηΒΗοετΒ nepeMeuiHBaHHn κηακογο MeTanna b HenpepBiBHOM pencHMe (6e3 nay3) - 20-30mhh. ΓηγβκΜ ohhctkh - 40-50% οτ ηοχοαηογο coAep>KaHHA npHMecefi.

Πο cpaBHeHHio c nepeMeuiHBaHHeM annapaTOM -προτοτπποΜ CKopocTb nnaBneHHn πρκ ηοποπβ30ββηηη 3anBJiaeMoro cnocoSa h annapaTa vBenHHHBaeTca Ha 20%, pacxon TonnHBa h ποτερκ MeTanna CHHncaroTcn Ha 15% h 25% cooTBeTCTBeHHO. OnncrKa creHOK KaMepbi οτ rnnaKa ΒΒίποπΗηετΜ πρκ chhtoh κρωπικε nocne nepenHBa >κηακογο MeTanna H3 neHH. JļeMOHTanc Monynn pjia 3aMeHBi π.τητ npon3BOAHTBcn c nepHOAHHHocTbio 12 MecnueB h δοπΒΐηε.

CnocoS ΗΗΑγκηκοΗΗΟΓΟ CTpyHHoro nepeMeniHBaHHH b nenn nnn nnaBJienM ApoēnēHoro μοηοαητηογο CKpana h Apyrnx βηαοβ H3MenbHēHHoro cKpana noncHneTca Ha cnenvioineM npHMepe. MonynB ycTaHOBneH Ha TopneBofi CTeHKe ββηηβι 30 Τη. nenn npnMoyronbHOH φορΜΒΙ. ΠροΑΟΤΒΗΗη ocb μοαΥ-τη HanpaBneHa ποα yrnoM 60° OTHocHTenbHo Topna neHH. Tny6HHa βηηηβι 750 mm. J1ho οκηβ β δηοκε-περεχοΑΗΗκε b CTeHKe BaHHBI pacnononceHO Ha BbicoTe 100 mm Han ahom βηηηβι. Βηοκ-περεχοΑΗκκ cHa65KēH neperopoAKOH c MexaHH3MOM eē nepeMemeHHa Ana perynHpoBKH bbicotbi OKHa b 3aBHCHM0CTH οτ ypOBHa acHAKoro MeTanna b BaHHe neHH. ΡΪΗΑγκτορ ycTaHOBJieH ποα ahom KaMepbi, απηηη HHAyKTOpa 900 mm, ahhhh KaMepbi 1300 mm.

B BaHHy nenn 3arpya<aioT h nnaBHT 12-14 Τη. μοηοαητηογο CKpana, AOCTaTOHHoe Ana 3anonHeHHa BaHHBI >khakhm MeTannoM Ha ΒΒίεοτγ 300-350 mm. TKhakhh MeTann HarpeBaiOT ao 750-760 °C. MeTann nnaBaT h HarpeBaiOT ao 3aAaHHofi TeMnepaTypbi, oSecneHHBaa nepeMeniHBaHHe coraacHO οπηοβηηομυ BBinie cnoco6y. JJpoOnēHBiH MaTepnan ηβηηηηιοτ γιοαββπτβ b KaMepy MOAyna πρκ ypoBHe nepeKanHBaeMoro τκηακογο MeTanna HaA ahom KaMepbi 200-250 mm. Ckopoctb noAanH -ao 5 TH/nac. TKhakhh MeTann nepeKaHHBaeTca nepe3 KaMepy HenpepBiBHO ao οκοηηβηηη noAanH MaTepnana. Macca nepennaBnaeMoro ApoSnēHoro CKpana 16-18 Τη. ΠρθδηεΗωη MaTepnan norpymaeTcn b hchakhh MeTann h nnaBHTca b ycnoBnax HHTeHCHBHoro nepeMeniHBaHHa «ηακογο MeTanna b KaMepe. nnaBneHHe TBēpnoro MeTanna b jkhakom 3aBepmaeTca b BaHHe, β κοτοροίί MeTann nepeMeniHBaeTcn CTpyēii, nocTynaiomeH H3 KaMepbi. MaccoBaa nonana h ckopoctb noc-rynneHH« ετργκ χηακογο MeTanna b βηηηυ - 10-12 Τη/μηη. h 2,5-3,0 m/c COOTBeTCTBeHHO.

Jļpo6nēHyio CTpyxny nonai-οτ b KaMepy h npHTannHBaioT β χηακηη MeTann uiHeKOBBiM nHTaTeneM. Pokhm nepeMemHBaHHH πο οκοηηηηηη iionann TBēpnoro

MaTepnana b KaMepy β nponecce 3aBepmeHHA nnaBneHHn MaTepnana b BaHHe h HarpeBa χηακογο MeTanna - nynbCHpyiomHH (5/5 mhh.).

riepenne χηακογο MeTanna H3 πηηβηηβηοη nemi β πεΗΒ-κοπηηΒΗΗκ ocymecTBn»OT no KaHany b TopneBon CTeHKe KaMepbi. HanpaBneHHe nepeKannBaHHn χηακογο MeTanna Η3ΜεΗΗίοτ Ha προτΗΒοηοηοχΗοε nyrēM nepeKmoneHHn nopnnKa HepenoBaHHH cļiaa očmotkh

HHAyKTopa. žKhakhh MeTann ποα AefiCTBneM 6erymero μηγηητηογο nonn ΑΒΗχετοη BAonb AHa κ τορηγ KaMepbi, noAHHMaeTcn no KaHany b CTeHKe KaMepbi h nepenHBaeTcn no xēno6y b Apyryio ēMKocra. ΓΊροηοπχΗτεπΒΗοετΒ nepenHBa -12-15 mhh.

riepenHBaiOT TaKoe KonHnecTBO MeTanna (16-18 Τη), κοτοροε naēT BO3MOXHOCTb προηοηχεΗΗΗ nnaBneHHa npo6neHoro MaTepnana b ocTaBiueMca β nenn χηακομ MeTanne.

noAany h nnaBneHHe npo6nēHoro MaTepnana npononxaiOT ao HaKonneHHH b BaHHe nenn 30 Τη χηακογο MeTanna η 3aTeM chobb nepenHBarc>T H3 nenn 16-18 Th MeTanna. ĪIpH nepexone Ha npyroH copTaMeHT χηακηη MeTann, ocraioHiHHCH β BaHHe nocne nepenHBa ποα AeiicTBHeM 6erymero μβγηητηογο ποαη (h=l 50-200 mm -“6ohoto“) CAHBaioT nepe3 nēTKy ΠΟΒΗΟΓΟ CAHBa.

Claims (9)

1. Cnoco6 ηηαυκηηοηηογο nepeMemHBaHHH χηακογο MeTanna β BaHHe nenn OTpaxaTenBHoro THna ποα AeHCTBHeM 6erymero μηγηητηογο nona, otjih naiomHHcn TeM,

25 hto MarHHTHbiM noneM Ha χηακηη MeTann neHCTByioT β γορη3οητηπβηομ HanpaBneHHH βαοηβ πηοοκοοτη -AHa KaMepbi, pacnonoxeHHOH 3a ctchkoh nenn, χηακηη MeTann non AeHCTBHeM μβγηητηογο nona nepeKammaioT H3 KaMepbi b BaHHy βαοηβ AHa b bhač nnocKOH 3aTonneHHofi ετργκ, b KaMepy χηακηη MeTann nepeTeKaeT Ha cMeHy BBrrecHeHHOMy npeHMymecTBeHHO H3 BepxHero cnoa b BaHHe, πρκ ΑΒΗχβΗΗΗ βαοαβ KaMepbi χηακηη

30 MeTann norpyxaeTca κ AHy h H3MeHaeT HanpaBneHHe αβηχθηκη Ha προτκΒοποηοχΗοε no OTHomeHHio κ HanpaBneHHio ΑΒΗχβΗΗΗ Ha Bxone b KaMepy, Ha χηακηη MeTann AeiiCTByioT Ha BbicoTe (0,1-0,5)Η οτ AHa BaHHbi nenn (Ή -rny6nHa BaHHbi), CKopocrb nocTynneHHA ετργκ b BaHHy h MaccoByio nonany χηακογο MeTanna perynHpyiOT nyrēM H3MeHeHHH HanpaxeHHa Ha οδΜοτκε ΗΗηγκτορη b npenenax (0,5-1,1)

35 Uhom. cera, χηακηη MeTann b BaHHe nepeMemHBaiOT b nyAbCHpyioiAeM pexHMe, Hepenyn nepnoABi nepeMeiHHBaHHa nay3aMH.

2. CnocoS no n.l, corjiacHO κοτοροτο pa<ļ)HHHpOBaHHe χηακογο MeTanna b BaHHe nenn ocyuiecTBJiaK)T npoflyBKOH nepeKaHHBaeMoro MeTanna ^οφπιοεοΒΟΗ CMecbio b KaMepe π 3Ημκηυτηη oOnēM KaMepbi Han χηακημ MeTannoM sanojiHHiOT 6ap6oTnpyeMbiM ra30M.

3. Cnoco6 no n.l, cornacHO κοτοροτο cKpan (npoSnēHbin noM MeTanna, CTpyxKa) nonaiOT Ha ποΒερχΗοοτκ flBHxyinerocn Bflonb KaMepbi χηακογο MeTanna n iinaim nocTaTOHHoe nnn 3anonHeHnn βηηηβι nenn no HOMHHanbHoro vpoBnn KonnnecTBo TBēpnoro MeTanna, HanpaBneHne nepeMeineHnn 6erym,ero MarHHTHoro ποηη βηοπε flHa KaMepbi peBepcHpyiOT h χηακηη MeTann H3 βηηηβι nepenHBaioT non AeHCTBHeM MarHHTHoro ποηη β πε%-κοπΗΠΒΗΗΚ ηπη npvrvio ēMKOCTb, ocrasnan nacra χηακογο MeTanna b BaHHe nnaBHHbHOH nenn, 3aTeM peBepcHpyioT MarHHTHoe none, βο3ο6ηοβππιοτ nonany cKpana b KaMepy h npoflonxaiOT nnaBneHHe TBēpnoro MeTanna b nepeKanHBaeMOM χηακομ MeTanne.

4. AnnapaT nnn HHflyKiiHOHHoro nepeMeuiHBaHHn χηακογο MeTanna cornacHO cnocoča no n.l, βκπιοη3ιοιηηη β cboh cocTaB ΗΗηγκτορ 6erymero MarHHTHoro ποηη (nacTOTa 50/60 Γη) η προτοηΗΜΗ τρπκτ H3 ctohkoto προτΗΒ B03flencTBH3 χηακογο MeTanna MaTepnana,

OTHHnaiOHiHHCH TeM, hto annapaT BbinonHeH b BHfle Monynn, b cocTaB κοτοροτο βχοαητ KapKac c pa3MemēHHbiM b hSm οποκομ, baojib npononbHOH och SnoKa HMeeTcn KaMepa, orpaHHHeHHan no nnHHe TopneBofi CTeHKofi 6noKa, ΗΗηγκτορ pacnonoxeH ropH3OHTanbHO non ahom KaMepbi, npononbHan ocb KaMepbi n ocb HHflyKTopa HaxonnTcn β oahoh BepTHKanbHOH nnoeKoera, KapKac HMeeT rpy3O3axBaTHbie ycTpoHCTBa nnn nonnēMa h nepeMeifleHHn Monynn, φητΗβη n fleTann nnn Kpennennn Monynn Ha CTeHKe βηηηβι nenn.

5. AnnapaT no π.4, coflepxam,HH 6noK-nepexoflHHK b στεκκε ββηηβι, b nepexoflHHKe HMeeTcn okho, pa3Mepbi η προφκπΕ okhh c BHeniHeH cTopoHbi CTeHKH TO/Knecraeunbi OKHy KaMepu b Toppe 6noKa, aho okhh b nepexoflHHKe BbmonHeHO no niHpHHe KaMepbi c vkjiohom OTHOCHTenbHO flHa BaHHbi nenn, okho pacmHpneTcn b CTopoHy βηηηη nenn.

6. AnnapaT πο π.4, b TopneBoii CTeHKe KaMepbi κοτοροτο HMeeTcn ηβκποηηειη KaHan, κ KOTopoMy b BepxHen ero nacra npHcoeflHHeHa Tpy6a nnn προΑ,γΒΚΗ χηακογο MeTanna ^οφηιοοοΒοΐί CMecbio.

7. AnnapaT πο π.4, β κρΕίιηκε KaMepbi κοτοροκ HMeeTcn OTBepcrae η κ OTBepcraio npHMHKaeT cncTeMa nonann b KaMepy flpoSnēnoro MeTanna, CTpyxKH.

8. AnnapaT πο π.4 nnn π.7, β κοτοροΜ β τορη,εΒΟΗ CTeHKe KaMepbi HMeeTcn HaKJioHHbiH KaHan b BHfle nnocKofl inenn, κ KaHany b BepxHen ero nacra npncoeflHHēH xēno6 flnn nepennea μακογο MeTanna H3 Baram nenn b Apyryro ēMKOCTb, BucoTa menn -KaHana na ynacTKe, npHJieraiomeM κ Any KaMepbi, — b npeAenax (1 -2)d, rne “d”- ray6nHa npomiKnoBenna nepeMeHHoro (50/60Γρ.) MarHHTHoro nona β jkhakhh MeTann.

9. AnnapaT no n.4 nnn π.8, β κοτοροΜ κ HaKnoHHOMy Kananv b BepxHefi ero nacTH npucoeAHHēHa Tpy6a-CH(ļ>OH nna nepenHBa μακογο MeTanna H3 BaHHbi nenn b Apyryro

5 eMKOCTb.

ΡΕΦΕΡΑΤ