LU504699B1 - Bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- LU504699B1 LU504699B1 LU504699A LU504699A LU504699B1 LU 504699 B1 LU504699 B1 LU 504699B1 LU 504699 A LU504699 A LU 504699A LU 504699 A LU504699 A LU 504699A LU 504699 B1 LU504699 B1 LU 504699B1
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- 235000005340 Asparagus officinalis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 244000003416 Asparagus officinalis Species 0.000 title description 52
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000234427 Asparagus Species 0.000 claims abstract 19
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000186866 Lactobacillus thermophilus Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- RQFQJYYMBWVMQG-IXDPLRRUSA-N chitotriose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)N)[C@@H](CO)O1 RQFQJYYMBWVMQG-IXDPLRRUSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000001632 Acorus gramineus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013073 Acorus gramineus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000118350 Andrographis paniculata Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013719 Houttuynia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000219416 Hypericum japonicum Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000003915 Lophatherum gracile Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000179291 Mahonia aquifolium Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000292546 Taraxacum mongolicum Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000193174 agave Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JXBLYSQTCABEMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazol-2-ylidene(methoxycarbonyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC=C2NC(=[NH+]C(=O)OC)NC2=C1 JXBLYSQTCABEMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000244186 Ascaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000123643 Asparagaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010049746 Microcystins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001645346 Phomopsis asparagi Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002413 Polyhexanide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011717 all-trans-retinol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019169 all-trans-retinol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940088007 benadryl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorvos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC=C(Cl)Cl OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950001327 dichlorvos Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FBOUIAKEJMZPQG-BLXFFLACSA-N diniconazole-M Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1/C([C@H](O)C(C)(C)C)=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FBOUIAKEJMZPQG-BLXFFLACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenhydramine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof, which integrates the selection of modern antibacterial active substances and the fermentation technology of mixed bacteria microorganisms, and develops an efficient, green fermented bio-organic fertilizer by fermenting livestock manure, straws, Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, chitosan under the synergistic effect of microorganisms. The bio-organic fertilizer can effectively inhibit the occurrence of asparagus stem blight under different planting process conditions, change the disadvantages of using chemical agents to prevent asparagus stem blight or changing the growth conditions of bitter bamboo shoots in the prior art, reduce the pesticide residue in the asparagus planting process, have a wide application range, have obvious yield-increasing effect, can significantly improve the food safety and planting benefits of asparagus. The experimental results show that the prevention effect of the bio-organic fertilizer on asparagus stem blight can reach more than 80%.
Description
DESCRIPTION LU504699
BIO-ORGANIC FERTILIZER FOR PREVENTING ASPARAGUS STEM BLIGHT AND
PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF
The invention relates to a bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof, and in particular to a method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer with remarkable effects of preventing asparagus stem blight and increasing yield by using a plurality of probiotics to cooperatively ferment livestock manure, straws, Chinese herbal medicines and other raw materials, belonging to the field of bioengineering.
Asparagus officinalis, also known as asparagus, is a perennial herb of Asparagus (Asparagus) of Asparagaceae, and its young seedlings can be eaten by vegetables, so it has the reputation of "king of vegetables" in the international market. Asparagus has high nutritional value, can moisten lung, relieve cough, eliminate phlegm, and has the function of inhibiting tumor growth, so it is deeply loved by people. In recent years, with the expansion of asparagus cultivation area, the occurrence of diseases has been aggravated year by year, especially the occurrence and harm of stem blight, which has seriously affected the yield and quality of asparagus.
The pathogen of asparagus stem blight is Phomopsis asparagi, which is a devastating disease worldwide. The disease spreads rapidly in rainy and windy conditions, and it can also be spread by splashing rain. Air infection is the main cause of large-scale disease, and the direction of field spread and the rapid onset are often affected by wind. In addition, low-lying, sticky soil, too much nitrogen fertilizer, etc., are easy to aggravate the disease.
The disease is serious in Asian asparagus growing countries such as China, Japan, 504699
Thailand and Indonesia, especially in China, which is common in all asparagus producing provinces in China, and the southern part is more serious than the northern part. Mildly, it leads to poor growth and development of asparagus, reducing yield and quality; in severe cases, the diseased plants died ahead of schedule and the whole field was destroyed.
At present, the control of asparagus stem blight is mainly based on chemical control, but due to the extensive use of chemical agents for many years, the pathogen has developed strong drug resistance in many areas, which greatly reduces the effect of pesticides. Lin Peili and Kang Yebin tested the toxicity of different pesticides to asparagus stem blight. Peng Mingsheng and Feng Xiao'an tested the control efficacy of 60% carbendazim hydrochloride wettable powder, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 50% benadryl wettable powder, 50% dichlorvos Dan wettable powder and 12.5% diniconazole wettable powder, but the above-mentioned pesticides are all fungicides with long service life, and asparagus stem blight fungus is prone to develop resistance to these fungicides, so it is particularly important to find alternative fungicides to control stem blight.
Patent technology 2017105568113 discloses a bactericidal composition for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight and asparagus brown spot, which mainly comprises polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, zineb and thiophanate-methyl; it can be seen that the patented technology is still dominated by chemical prevention;
Patent technology 2013103015752 discloses a chemical fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight and its fertilization method. Its key technology is to adjust the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in chemical fertilizer to keep the soil acidic and destroy the disease conditions of stem blight, which belongs to "treating the symptoms". To sum up, there is no long-acting and pollution-free composition for controlling asparagus stem blight and its application in the prior art, and the improvement of the traditional control method for asparagus stem blight is still a technical drawback to be solved urgently in this field.
SUMMARY LU504699
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, meet the technical requirements of efficiently and green preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight and improving asparagus yield and quality, the invention provides a bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof, and integrates the selection of modern antibacterial active substances and mixed microbial fermentation technology to develop an efficient and green fermented bio-organic fertilizer, which can effectively inhibit the occurrence of asparagus stem blight under different planting process conditions, improve asparagus products and quality, and thus improve asparagus planting efficiency.
The invention achieves the technical effect through the following technical scheme:
A bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of livestock manure, 40-60 parts of straw, 10-20 parts of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and 3-5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, where the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials comprise 20-30 parts of Cortex meliae, 6-9 parts of Acorus gramineus, 10-20 parts of Houttuynia cordata and 10-20 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 8-12 parts of Lophatherum gracile, 8-12 parts of
Hypericum japonicum, 4-6 parts of Mahonia, and 3-5 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum.
Preferably, the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of livestock manure, 50 parts of straw, 15 parts of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and 4 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, where the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials comprise 25 parts of
Cortex meliae, 8 parts of Acorus gramineus, 15 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 15 parts of
Andrographis paniculata, 10 parts of Lophatherum gracile, 10 parts of Hypericum japonicum, 5 parts of Mahonia and 4 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum.
The livestock manure can be one or a mixture of pig manure, cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure and duck manure.
The straw can be one or a mixture of several kinds of wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw, and is pulverized for later use.
The Chinese herbal medicine raw materials are pretreated by the following Steps; 1504699 pulverizing the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, adding purified water 8-10 times as much as the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, then adding cellulase with the mass ratio of 2-3% of the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and performing enzymolysis for 30-60 min under the ultrasonic-assisted condition for later use.
The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 100-200 kHz.
The invention provides a bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight, which is characterized by being prepared by a two-step aerobic-anaerobic fermentation process with mixed bacteria, wherein the first-step aerobic fermentation flora comprises
Aspergillus, Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus;, the second-step anaerobic fermentation flora comprises Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus.
The dosage ratio of Aspergillus, Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus in the aerobic fermentation flora is 2: 3: 1; the dosage ratio of Bacillus licheniformis and
Lactobacillus thermophilus in the second-step anaerobic fermentation flora is 3:2.
The Aspergillus is one or a mixture of Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus Niger.
The preparation method of the Aspergillus seed solution comprises the follow steps: under aseptic conditions, adopting the potato culture medium for culture at 35-40 °C for 24 h, and the effective viable count of the seed solution is required to be more than or equal to 10° cfu/mL; the preparation method of the Bacillus subtilis seed solution comprises the follow steps: under aseptic conditions, adopting the LB culture medium for culture at 28-32 °C for 24 h, and the effective viable count of the seed solution is required to be more than or equal to 10° cfu/mL.
The above-mentioned Azotobacter fuscus, Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus are commercially available bacterial powders.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight, which comprises the following specific process steps: (1) batching: accurately mixing the raw materials according to the raw material ratio, and then adding 3-5% of bran, 1-2% of cellulase, 0.1-0.2% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.03% of magnesium sulfate, and adjusting the water content of the materials to 40%-50%, and the dry and wet standard is suitable for just dripping water by hand:
(2) first-step aerobic fermentation: respectively inoculating activated Aspergillus 50 4699
Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus to the culture medium, where the total inoculation amount is 3-5wt% of the solid culture medium, uniformly mixing, composting and fermenting, and ventilating for 5-84; (3) second-step anaerobic fermentation: after the first-step aerobic fermentation, inoculating respectively Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus into the culture medium, and the total inoculation amount is 2-3 wt% of the solid culture medium, and then mixing well, composting and fermenting, and performing anaerobic culture for 3-54; (4) drying: receiving and sealing the second-step anaerobic fermentation for 6-12h, and then carrying out low-temperature ventilation drying; (5) pulverizing: pulverizing the dried materials to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight.
The ventilation rate of aerobic fermentation in the above step maintains the oxygen content of the reactor at 12-16%.
The invention provides a bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof. The odor of the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight completely disappears, the texture is soft and not lumpy, the product is rich in nutrients such as probiotics, water-soluble organic nitrogen and the like, the organic matter content in the product is more than or equal to 60%, and the microbial content is more than or equal to 200 million/g; the product quality meets the requirements of NY525-2011, the mortality rate of ascaris eggs and the number of coliforms meet the requirements of NY884, and the detection limit of microcystins is 0.1ug/g/g. Pot test results show that the product of this application has obvious effects of preventing stem blight, promoting growth, increasing yield, improving soil environment and so on, and it is an excellent new bio-organic fertilizer.
The invention provides a bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the bio-organic fertilizer has the following obvious advantages:
(1) The bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting livestock manure, straws, 504699
Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and chitosan under the synergistic effect of microorganisms, and the product has an obvious effect of preventing asparagus stem blight, which changes the disadvantages of using chemical agents to prevent asparagus stem blight or changing the growth conditions of bitter bamboo shoots in the prior art, reduces the pesticide residue in the asparagus planting process, has a wide application range, has an obvious yield-increasing effect, and can significantly improve the food safety and planting benefits of asparagus. The experimental results show that the prevention effect of the bio-organic fertilizer on asparagus stem blight can reach more than 80%; (2) Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and chitosan oligosaccharide are scientifically compounded in the application, so that the preventive effect of bio-organic fertilizer on asparagus stem blight is remarkably improved through the synergistic effect of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and chitosan oligosaccharide, and the technical effect of "1+1>2" is achieved; in addition, the experimental results also show that the bio-fermented organic fertilizer prepared by the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials Cortex meliae, Acorus gramineus, Houttuynia cordata, Andrographis paniculata, Lophatherum gracile, Hypericum japonicum, Mahonia and Taraxacum mongolicum under the same technological conditions has almost no preventive effect on asparagus stem blight, which shows that although the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials have no direct preventive effect, functional active components that can prevent the stem blight of bitter bamboo shoots are formed through the combination of the active components of Chinese herbal medicine and microbial fermentation transformation, if
Chinese herbal medicine raw materials are directly added to fermented materials without pretreatment, the control effect of asparagus stem blight will decrease by more than 42%; (3) In this application, the first-step aerobic flora (Aspergillus, Bacillus subtilis,
Azotobacter fuscus) and the second-step anaerobic flora (Bacillus licheniformis and
Lactobacillus thermophilus) are used for fermentation and comprehensive utilization of livestock manure, straw, Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, etc., and the synergistic effect among microbial strains is fully utilized to eliminate the disadvantages of large odor,
a large number of pathogenic bacteria, excessive heavy metals, etc., which restrict, , 4699 fertilizer utilization, and improve the fertilizer efficiency of fermented bio-organic fertilizer, thus significantly.
The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the invention is rich in a large number of probiotics, which can effectively adjust the balance of microorganisms in the soil, decompose organic or inorganic components such as organic matter and minerals in the soil, eliminate soil hardening, desertification, salinization and the like caused by the abuse of chemical fertilizers all the year round, effectively improve the soil, improve the special effects of crop stress resistance and improve crop productivity; in particular, it can promote the release of organic matter in soil, improve the physical and chemical structure of salinized soil, increase soil aggregates and permeability, and improve soil fertility;
(4) by adopting staged fermentation, fermentation strains have different requirements on temperature, pH, oxygen supply, etc.
Different reaction control conditions improve the growth rate of bacteria, shorten the fermentation time and improve the production efficiency; and solid fermentation is adopted, so that the fermentation process conditions are mild, the energy consumption is low, and the production cost is low; and the production cost of the technical scheme is only 1/2 of the reported technical level at present, which plays an important role in improving the economic benefits of the industry and promoting and applying on a large scale; and has no environmental pollution, low investment and easy scale production.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION LU504699
In the following examples, the seed liquid of fermentation strains all adopted the following process: (1) The preparation method of the Aspergillus seed solution comprises the follow steps: under aseptic conditions, adopting the potato culture medium for culture at 35-40 °C for 24 h, and the effective viable count of the seed solution is required to be more than or equal to 10° cfu/mL; (2) the preparation method of the Bacillus subtilis seed solution comprises the follow steps: under aseptic conditions, adopting the LB culture medium for culture at 28-32 °C for 24 h, and the effective viable count of the seed solution is required to be more than or equal to 10° cfu/mL.
EMBODIMENT 1
A bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof, and the specific process steps include: (1) Pretreatment of Chinese herbal medicines: accurately weighing raw materials according to the proportion of 25 parts of Cortex meliae, 8 parts of Acorus gramineus, 15 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 15 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 10 parts of
Lophatherum gracile, 10 parts of Hypericum japonicum, 5 parts of Mahonia and 4 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum, pulverizing the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water which is 9 times of the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines, then adding cellulase with the mass ratio of 2.5% of the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines, and performing enzymolysis for 45min under the ultrasonic-assisted for later use; where the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 100-200 kHz; (2) ingredients: according to 110 parts of cow dung, 50 parts of corn stalk, 15 parts of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and 4 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, adding 4% of bran, 1.5% of cellulase, 0.15% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.03% of magnesium sulfate, and adjusting the water content of the materials to 40%-50%, and the dry and wet standard is suitable for just dripping water by hand;
(3) first-step aerobic fermentation: inoculating the activated Aspergillus, Bacillys 50 4699 subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus into the culture medium respectively, and the total inoculation amount is 4wt% of the solid culture medium, and then uniformly mixing, composting and fermenting and ventilating for 6.5d; the dosage ratio of Aspergillus,
Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus in the aerobic fermentation flora is 2: 3: 1; (4) second-step anaerobic fermentation: after the first-step aerobic fermentation, inoculating respectively Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus into the culture medium, and the total inoculation amount is 2.5wt% of the solid culture medium, and then composting and fermenting, and performing anaerobic culture for 4 d; the consumption ratio of Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus in the anaerobic fermentation flora is 3: 2; (5) drying: receiving and sealing the second-step anaerobic fermentation for Sh, and then carrying out low-temperature ventilation drying; (6) pulverizing: pulverizing the dried materials to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight.
EMBODIMENT 2
A bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof, and the specific process steps include: (1) Pretreatment of Chinese herbal medicines: accurately weighing raw materials according to the proportion of 30 parts of Cortex meliae, 6 parts of Acorus gramineus, 20 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 10 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 12 parts of
Lophatherum gracile, 8 parts of Hypericum japonicum, 6 parts of Mahonia and 3 parts of
Taraxacum mongolicum, pulverizing the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water which is 10 times of the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines, then adding cellulase with the mass ratio of 3% of the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines, and performing enzymolysis for 30min under the ultrasonic-assisted for later use; where the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 100-200 kHz; (2) ingredients: according to 120 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of corn stalk, 20 parts of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, adding 5% of bran, 2% of cellulase, 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.03%
of magnesium sulfate, and adjusting the water content of the materials to 40%-50%, and 504699 the dry and wet standard is suitable for just dripping water by hand; (3) first-step aerobic fermentation: inoculating the activated Aspergillus, Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus into the culture medium respectively, and the total inoculation amount is 5wt% of the solid culture medium, and then uniformly mixing, composting and fermenting and ventilating for 5d; the dosage ratio of Aspergillus,
Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus in the aerobic fermentation flora is 2: 3: 1; (4) second-step anaerobic fermentation: after the first-step aerobic fermentation, inoculating respectively Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus into the culture medium, and the total inoculation amount is 3wt% of the solid culture medium, and then composting and fermenting, and performing anaerobic culture for 3 d; the consumption ratio of Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus in the anaerobic fermentation flora is 3: 2; (5) drying: receiving and sealing the second-step anaerobic fermentation for 12h, and then carrying out low-temperature ventilation drying; (6) pulverizing: pulverizing the dried materials to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight.
EMBODIMENT 3
A bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof, and the specific process steps include: (1) Pretreatment of Chinese herbal medicines: accurately weighing raw materials according to the proportion of 20 parts of Cortex meliae, 9 parts of Acorus gramineus, 10 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 20 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 8 parts of Lophatherum gracile, 12 parts of Hypericum japonicum, 4 parts of Mahonia and 5 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum, pulverizing the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water which is 8 times of the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines, then adding cellulase with the mass ratio of 2% of the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines, and performing enzymolysis for 60min under the ultrasonic-assisted for later use; where the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 100-200 kHz;
(2) ingredients: according to 100 parts of cow dung, 60 parts of corn stalk, 10 parts 504699 of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, adding 3% of bran, 1% of cellulase, 0.1% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.03% of magnesium sulfate, and adjusting the water content of the materials to 40%-50%, and the dry and wet standard is suitable for just dripping water by hand; (3) first-step aerobic fermentation: inoculating the activated Aspergillus, Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus into the culture medium respectively, and the total inoculation amount is 3wt% of the solid culture medium, and then uniformly mixing, composting and fermenting and ventilating for 8d; the dosage ratio of Aspergillus,
Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus in the aerobic fermentation flora is 2: 3: 1; (4) second-step anaerobic fermentation: after the first-step aerobic fermentation, inoculating respectively Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus into the culture medium, and the total inoculation amount is 2wt% of the solid culture medium, and then composting and fermenting, and performing anaerobic culture for 5 d; the consumption ratio of Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus in the anaerobic fermentation flora is 3: 2; (5) drying: receiving and sealing the second-step anaerobic fermentation for 6h, and then carrying out low-temperature ventilation drying; (6) pulverizing: pulverizing the dried materials to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight.
Embodiment 4 Comparison of the effects of different bio-organic fertilizers on the control effect of asparagus stem blight and yield increase index 1. Disease investigation
Sampling is conducted at five points diagonally in each plot, and five asparagus bundles next to each other are taken at each point. Three asparagus bundles are randomly investigated, and 75 asparagus bundles are investigated, and the number of healthy plants and diseased plants at all levels are recorded. The disease grading standard refers to the standard formulated by Yang Yingging. Grade 0: no disease;
Grade 1: the incidence area accounts for less than 6% of the total area; Grade 2: the incidence area accounts for 6% - 10% of the total area; Grade 3: the incidence area accounts for 11% - 20% of the total area; Grade 4: the incidence area accounts for 21 % Us04699 30% of the total area; Grade 5: the incidence area accounts for more than 30% of the total area; 2. Data processing calculation method
Disease index = > (number of diseased plants at all levels x relative grade value)/total number of plants investigated x 5x 100: control effect = (disease index of control area - disease index of treatment area)/disease index of control area x 100%; yield increase rate = (yield of treatment area - yield of blank control area)/yield of blank control area x 100%: 3. Test grouping
The experiment is divided into three groups: experimental group of Embodiments 1-3, blank control group (bio-organic fertilizer on the market), comparative group 1 (chitosan in raw materials is replaced by Chinese herbal medicine, and other fermentation processes are the same as in Embodiment 1), comparative group 2 (chitosan in raw materials is replaced by Chinese herbal medicine, and other fermentation processes are the same as in Embodiment 1), and comparative group 3 (Chinese herbal medicine raw materials are directly blended without pretreatment, and the rest are the same as in Embodiment 1).
4. Test results LU504699
Table 1 Effects of different bio-organic fertilizers on stem blight control and yield increase index cons rer
Control effect (%) Yield increase rate (%) index
Experimental group of | 87.42+1.75 20.43+1.31
Embodiment 1
Experimental group of | 83.57+1.94 18.45+1.27
Embodiment 2
Experimental group of | 80.13+1.58 19.48+1.50
Embodiment 3
Group 1 of comparative 45.22+1.79 10.29+1.32 example
Group 2 of comparative 19.93+1.54 3.39+0.78 example
Group 3 of comparative 50.66+1.85 12.65+1.64 example
The above experimental results show that the synergistic effect between Chinese herbal medicine raw materials of bio-organic fertilizer and chitosan significantly improves the effect of preventing and controlling stem blight, promoting growth and increasing yield of the product, and plays a technical effect of "1+1>2".
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the 504699 present invention, but not to limit it; Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for ordinary technicians in the field to modify the technical scheme described in the aforementioned embodiments or to replace some technical features with equivalents.
However, these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical scheme deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme claimed by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of livestock manure, 40-60 parts of straw, 10-20 parts of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and 3-5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, where the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials comprise 20-30 parts of Cortex meliae, 6-9 parts of Acorus gramineus, 10-20 parts of Houttuynia cordata and 10-20 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 8-12 parts of Lophatherum gracile, 8-12 parts of Hypericum japonicum, 4-6 parts of Mahonia, and 3-5 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum.
2. The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of livestock manure, parts of straw, 15 parts of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and 4 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, where the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials comprise 25 parts of Cortex meliae, 8 parts of Acorus gramineus, 15 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 15 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 10 parts of Lophatherum gracile, 10 parts of Hypericum japonicum, 5 parts of Mahonia and 4 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum.
3. The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight according to claim 1-2, characterized in that the livestock manure can be one or a mixture of pig manure, cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure and duck manure.
4. The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight according to claim 1-2, characterized in that the straw can be one or a mixture of several kinds of wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw, and is pulverized for later use.
5. The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight according to claims 504699 1-2, characterized in that the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials are pretreated by the following steps: pulverizing the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, adding purified water 8-10 times as much as the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, then adding cellulase with the mass ratio of 2-3% of the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and performing enzymolysis for 30-60 min under the ultrasonic-assisted condition for later use.
6. The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight according to claim 5, characterized in that the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 100-200 kHz.
7. A bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight, characterized by being prepared by a two-step aerobic-anaerobic fermentation process with mixed bacteria, where the first-step aerobic fermentation flora comprises Aspergillus, Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus; the second-step anaerobic fermentation flora comprises Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus.
8. The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight according to claim 7, characterized in that the dosage ratio of Aspergillus, Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus in the aerobic fermentation flora is 2: 3: 1; the dosage ratio of Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus in the second-step anaerobic fermentation flora is 3:2; the Aspergillus is one or a mixture of Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus Niger.
9. The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight according to claim 7, characterized in that the preparation method of the Aspergillus seed solution comprises the follow steps: under aseptic conditions, adopting the potato culture medium for culture at 35-40 °C for 24 h, and the effective viable count of the seed solution is required to be more than or equal to 10° cfu/mL; the preparation method of the Bacillus subtilis seed solution comprises the follow steps: under aseptic conditions, adopting the LB culture medium for culture at 28-32 °C for 24 h, and the effective viable count of the seed solution is required to be more than or equal to 10° cfu/mL. LU504699
10. The bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight according to claim 1 and claim 7, characterized in that the specific preparation process steps of the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight comprise: (1) batching: accurately mixing the raw materials according to the raw material ratio, and then adding 3-5% of bran, 1-2% of cellulase, 0.1-0.2% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.03% of magnesium sulfate, and adjusting the water content of the materials to 40%-50%, and the dry and wet standard is suitable for just dripping water by hand: (2) first-step aerobic fermentation: respectively inoculating activated Aspergillus, Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter fuscus to the culture medium, where the total inoculation amount is 3-5wt% of the solid culture medium, uniformly mixing, composting and fermenting, and ventilating for 5-84; (3) second-step anaerobic fermentation: after the first-step aerobic fermentation, inoculating respectively Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus thermophilus into the culture medium, and the total inoculation amount is 2-3 wt% of the solid culture medium, and then mixing well, composting and fermenting, and performing anaerobic culture for 3-54; (4) drying: receiving and sealing the second-step anaerobic fermentation for 6-12h, and then carrying out low-temperature ventilation drying; (5) pulverizing: pulverizing the dried materials to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight.
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| LU504699A LU504699B1 (en) | 2023-07-10 | 2023-07-10 | Bio-organic fertilizer for preventing asparagus stem blight and preparation method thereof |
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2023
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