CN115231964A - Preparation method of comprehensive organic rice fertilizer - Google Patents

Preparation method of comprehensive organic rice fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115231964A
CN115231964A CN202210807868.7A CN202210807868A CN115231964A CN 115231964 A CN115231964 A CN 115231964A CN 202210807868 A CN202210807868 A CN 202210807868A CN 115231964 A CN115231964 A CN 115231964A
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rice
parts
preparation
manure
organic
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刘修奎
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/70Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/80Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12Granules or flakes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice, which comprises the following steps: 1) Preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: farmyard manure, biochar, kitchen garbage, vinasse, mushroom residue, iodine preparation, tea seed cake and microbial probiotic groups; 2) Primary fermentation: mixing the raw materials except the microbial probiotic group, pulverizing, stacking, and fermenting at 30-45 deg.C for 15-21 days while turning over for 1-3 times per day to obtain primary fermentation intermediate; 3) Secondary fermentation: adding microbial probiotic flora into the primary fermentation intermediate, continuing fermentation at 25-35 deg.C for 7-10 days, pulverizing, and granulating to obtain the comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice. The invention adopts organic source materials, the preparation process is safe and efficient, the environment is friendly, the use is convenient, and the prepared comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice can provide nutrient substances required by soil microorganisms for growth and improve the rice quality.

Description

Preparation method of comprehensive organic rice fertilizer
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer manufacturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice.
Background
The traditional rice fertilizer is elaborately prepared by soil fertilizer stations in China according to soil fertility conditions of various provinces, fertilizer requirement and fertilizer absorption characteristics of rice, a balanced fertilization technology and a comprehensive activation nutrition technology, and by combining the soil fertility conditions in China and the requirement characteristics of rice halving, so that 'what is lacking and what is supplemented' is really achieved, and the maximum benefit is obtained by the most reasonable formula. By using the special fertilizer for rice, the rice industry in China has more advantages, and the rice industry participates in international competition with excellent quality and higher yield.
The prior rice fertilizer production methods mainly comprise the following steps: 1) The corn straw and the bean straw are added with chemical components to prepare the bean straw; 2) Is prepared from livestock and poultry excrement, straw and urea. The fertilizer prepared by the method mostly uses chemical fertilizer, can generate adverse effect on soil and crops after long-term application, harden the soil, destroy the soil structure, reduce the soil fertility, and has low fertilizer absorption rate, poor fertilizer effect and environmental pollution. The nutrient requirement of the rice can not be well met by simply using farmyard manure. Along with the improvement of the quality of life of people, organic food is more and more favored by people, so that the development of a comprehensive organic rice fertilizer which is an organic source, can meet the organic rice planting requirement and has certain disease-resistant and insect-resistant effects has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a preparation method of a comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of farmyard manure, 10-20 parts of biochar, 8-10 parts of kitchen garbage, 3-5 parts of vinasse, 3-5 parts of mushroom residue, 1-2 parts of iodine preparation, 1-2 parts of tea seed cake and 0.2-0.5 part of microbial probiotic group;
2) Primary fermentation: mixing the raw materials except the microbial probiotic group prepared in the step 1), crushing, stacking and fermenting at the fermentation temperature of 30-45 ℃ for 15-21 days, and turning over the stack for 1-3 times every day to obtain a primary fermentation intermediate;
3) Secondary fermentation: adding microbial probiotics into the primary fermentation intermediate obtained in the step 2), continuing to ferment for 7-10 days at 25-35 ℃, and crushing and granulating to obtain the comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice.
The preparation method of the invention is based on farmyard manure, combines biochar, kitchen garbage, vinasse, mushroom residue, iodine preparation, tea seed cake, microorganism probiotic groups and other raw materials, and adopts a multistage fermentation technology to prepare the comprehensive organic rice fertilizer. The prepared comprehensive organic fertilizer for the rice can provide nutrient substances required by growth for soil microorganisms, wherein the biochar can not only supplement the organic matter content of soil, but also effectively preserve water and nutrients, adsorb heavy metals and toxic organic matters in the soil, improve the soil fertility and improve the soil structure; the kitchen garbage, the mushroom residue and the tea seed cake contain rich protein, fat, nitrogen extract and mineral substances, the iodine preparation can kill germs and worm eggs in the iodine preparation in the stacking fermentation process, the fertilizer obtained after composting fermentation is rich in nutrition, can be quickly absorbed when acting on rice, can meet the requirement of rice growth, contains various beneficial bacteria, and is beneficial to decomposition of organic matters in soil and absorption of crops. The raw materials adopted by the preparation method are all organic source materials, so that the fertilizer can be produced according to organic food standards, no chemical fertilizer or pesticide is needed in the production process, the preparation process is safe and efficient, and the preparation method is environment-friendly and convenient to use.
Biological enzymes, proteins, polysaccharides, shell clusters and other substances generated by metabolism of the microbial probiotic flora have better auxiliary effects on growth of rice crops and reduction of diseases, and the action and the effect are mainly embodied in the following aspects: 1. promoting cell division and improving crop photosynthesis; 2. the development of crop root systems is promoted, and the utilization rate of the organic fertilizer is improved; 3. active substances generated by metabolism of the microbial probiotics can balance the vegetative growth of crops and can improve the quality of rice; 4. improve the advantages of the flora and reduce crop diseases by 'controlling the flora with bacteria'.
Preferably, the farmyard manure is one or more of organic sheep manure, organic pig manure, organic cow manure, organic rabbit manure and organic silkworm manure.
Preferably, the microbial probiotic flora consists of yeasts, trichoderma, penicillium, bacillus subtilis and actinomycetes. The promoting effect of yeast on rice growth includes phosphorus dissolution, barrier to pathogenic bacteria and fungi, and promotion of rice growth hormone production. Trichoderma produces and releases plant growth hormones into the soil, and Penicillium has the effect of stimulating the production and secretion of gibberellins required for root growth, and in addition, has an Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) effect on plants by secreting enzymes that elicit the immune response of plants.
Preferably, the yeast, trichoderma, penicillium, bacillus subtilis and actinomycetes are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: (1-2): (0.2-1): (0.5-2): (3-5): (0.5-1). The microbial probiotic group consisting of saccharomycetes, trichoderma, penicillium, bacillus subtilis and actinomycetes in a specific proportion can ensure the promotion effect on the growth of rice and ensure the quality of the rice.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the preparation method of the invention is based on farmyard manure, combines raw materials such as biochar, kitchen garbage, vinasse, mushroom residue, iodine preparations, tea seed cakes, microorganism probiotics and the like, and adopts a multistage fermentation technology to prepare the comprehensive organic rice fertilizer. The prepared comprehensive rice organic fertilizer can provide nutrient substances required by growth for soil microorganisms, and improve the rice quality. The raw materials adopted by the preparation method are all organic source materials, so that the fertilizer can be produced according to organic food standards, no chemical fertilizer or pesticide is needed in the production process, the preparation process is safe and efficient, and the preparation method is environment-friendly and convenient to use.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The preparation method of the comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice of the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of farmyard manure, 10 parts of biochar, 8 parts of kitchen garbage, 3 parts of vinasse, 3 parts of mushroom residues, 1 part of iodine preparation, 1 part of tea seed cake and 0.2 part of microbial probiotic groups, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%, the farmyard manure is one or more of organic sheep manure, organic pig manure, organic cow manure, organic rabbit manure and organic silkworm manure, and the microbial probiotic groups consist of 0.5 parts of yeast, trichoderma, penicillium, bacillus subtilis and actinomycetes by weight ratio of 1;
2) Primary fermentation: mixing the raw materials except the microbial probiotic group prepared in the step 1), crushing, stacking and fermenting at the fermentation temperature of 30-35 ℃, turning over for 1 time every day for 21 days to obtain a primary fermentation intermediate;
3) Secondary fermentation: adding microbial probiotics into the primary fermentation intermediate obtained in the step 2), continuing to ferment for 7 days at 25-35 ℃, and crushing and granulating to obtain the comprehensive organic rice fertilizer.
The comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice prepared in the embodiment 1 is applied to rice cultivation in Ningbo city of 371500. The saline-auspicious town of the state area, the yield per mu is improved by 5.8 percent compared with the yield of the conventional planting technology after the application, and Chinese organic food certification is successfully obtained.
The preparation method of the comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice of the embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of farmyard manure, 15 parts of biochar, 9 parts of kitchen garbage, 4 parts of vinasse, 4 parts of mushroom residues, 1.5 parts of iodine preparation, 1.5 parts of tea seed cake and 0.35 part of microbial probiotic group, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the above raw materials is 100%, the farmyard manure is one or more of organic sheep manure, organic pig manure, organic cow manure, organic rabbit manure and organic silkworm manure, and the microbial probiotic group consists of 0.8 part by weight of yeast, trichoderma, penicillium, bacillus subtilis and actinomycetes;
2) Primary fermentation: mixing the raw materials except the microbial probiotic group prepared in the step 1), crushing, stacking and fermenting at 35-40 ℃ for 18 days, and turning over the stack for 2 times every day to obtain a primary fermentation intermediate;
3) Secondary fermentation: adding microbial probiotics into the primary fermentation intermediate obtained in the step 2), continuing to ferment for 10 days at 25-35 ℃, and crushing and granulating to obtain the comprehensive organic rice fertilizer.
The comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice prepared in the embodiment 2 is applied to rice cultivation in Ningbo city of \37150andthe salty province town of state areas, the yield per mu after the application is improved by 4.2 percent compared with the yield of the conventional planting technology, and Chinese organic food certification is successfully obtained.
The preparation method of the comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice in the embodiment 3 comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: the biological feed comprises, by weight, 50 parts of farmyard manure, 20 parts of biochar, 10 parts of kitchen garbage, 5 parts of vinasse, 5 parts of mushroom residue, 2 parts of an iodine preparation, 2 parts of tea seed cakes and 0.5 part of a microbial probiotic group, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%, the farmyard manure is one or more of organic sheep manure, organic pig manure, organic cow manure, organic rabbit manure and organic silkworm manure, and the microbial probiotic group consists of the following yeast, trichoderma, penicillium, bacillus subtilis and actinomycetes in a weight ratio of 2;
2) Primary fermentation: mixing the raw materials except the microbial probiotic group prepared in the step 1), crushing, stacking and fermenting at 40-45 ℃ for 15 days, and turning over the stack 3 times a day to obtain a primary fermentation intermediate;
3) Secondary fermentation: adding microbial probiotics into the primary fermentation intermediate obtained in the step 2), continuing to ferment for 7 days at 25-35 ℃, and crushing and granulating to obtain the comprehensive organic rice fertilizer.
The comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice prepared in the embodiment 3 is applied to rice cultivation in Ningbo city of 371500. The saline-auspicious town of the state area, the yield per mu is improved by 4.5 percent compared with the yield of the conventional planting technology after the application, and Chinese organic food certification is successfully obtained.

Claims (4)

1. A preparation method of a comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of farmyard manure, 10-20 parts of biochar, 8-10 parts of kitchen garbage, 3-5 parts of vinasse, 3-5 parts of mushroom residue, 1-2 parts of iodine preparation, 1-2 parts of tea seed cake and 0.2-0.5 part of microbial probiotic group;
2) Primary fermentation: mixing the raw materials except the microbial probiotic group prepared in the step 1), crushing, stacking and fermenting at the fermentation temperature of 30-45 ℃ for 15-21 days, and turning the stack for 1-3 times every day to obtain a primary fermentation intermediate;
3) Secondary fermentation: adding microbial probiotics into the primary fermentation intermediate obtained in the step 2), continuing to ferment for 7-10 days at 25-35 ℃, and crushing and granulating to obtain the comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice.
2. The preparation method of the comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the farmyard manure is one or more of organic sheep manure, organic pig manure, organic cow manure, organic rabbit manure and organic silkworm manure.
3. The method for preparing the comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial probiotic group consists of yeast, trichoderma, penicillium, bacillus subtilis and actinomycetes.
4. The preparation method of the comprehensive organic fertilizer for rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight portion ratio of the yeast, trichoderma, penicillium, bacillus subtilis and actinomycetes is as follows: (1-2): (0.2-1): (0.5-2): (3-5): (0.5-1).
CN202210807868.7A 2022-07-11 2022-07-11 Preparation method of comprehensive organic rice fertilizer Pending CN115231964A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117247295A (en) * 2023-09-15 2023-12-19 武汉皓达农业科技有限公司 Organic fertilizer prepared from molasses fermentation liquid and preparation method thereof

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CN106915736A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-07-04 北京凯风泰智能技术研究有限公司 Cotton stalk method of comprehensive utilization
CN108821875A (en) * 2018-08-10 2018-11-16 重庆文理学院 A kind of preparation method of high-activity microorganism fertilizer
CN110204397A (en) * 2019-05-16 2019-09-06 浙江大学 A kind of dedicated sheep dung organic fertilizer of rice
CN111892453A (en) * 2019-05-13 2020-11-06 昆明学院 Carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN113968761A (en) * 2021-11-22 2022-01-25 时科生物科技(上海)有限公司 Microbial fertilizer for reducing fertilizer amount and increasing fertilizer efficiency and preparation method and application thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN106915736A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-07-04 北京凯风泰智能技术研究有限公司 Cotton stalk method of comprehensive utilization
CN108821875A (en) * 2018-08-10 2018-11-16 重庆文理学院 A kind of preparation method of high-activity microorganism fertilizer
CN111892453A (en) * 2019-05-13 2020-11-06 昆明学院 Carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN110204397A (en) * 2019-05-16 2019-09-06 浙江大学 A kind of dedicated sheep dung organic fertilizer of rice
CN113968761A (en) * 2021-11-22 2022-01-25 时科生物科技(上海)有限公司 Microbial fertilizer for reducing fertilizer amount and increasing fertilizer efficiency and preparation method and application thereof

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117247295A (en) * 2023-09-15 2023-12-19 武汉皓达农业科技有限公司 Organic fertilizer prepared from molasses fermentation liquid and preparation method thereof
CN117247295B (en) * 2023-09-15 2024-04-12 武汉皓达农业科技有限公司 Organic fertilizer prepared from molasses fermentation liquid and preparation method thereof

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