KR940009797B1 - 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제 - Google Patents

영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제 Download PDF

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KR940009797B1
KR940009797B1 KR1019910008262A KR910008262A KR940009797B1 KR 940009797 B1 KR940009797 B1 KR 940009797B1 KR 1019910008262 A KR1019910008262 A KR 1019910008262A KR 910008262 A KR910008262 A KR 910008262A KR 940009797 B1 KR940009797 B1 KR 940009797B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
mold
casting
permanent
release agent
mold release
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KR1019910008262A
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English (en)
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KR920017740A (ko
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다까시 하나노
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하나노 쇼오지 가부시기가이샤
하나노 히로시
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Publication of KR920017740A publication Critical patent/KR920017740A/ko
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    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working

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Abstract

내용 없음.

Description

[발명의 명칭]
영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제
[발명의 상세한 설명
본 발명은 영구 주형 주조작업시 주형(molding die) 내면에다 분무하여 사용하는 주형 탈형제(mold releasing agent)에 관한 것이다.
영구 주형 주조법(permanent mold casting method)은 고정밀도의 주조 부품을 이 방법에 의하여 연속적으로 다량 제조할 수 있기 때문에 자동차 및 전기 설비용 각종 부품 제조시에 널리 활용되고 있다. 또한 이러한 영구 주형 주조법에 있어서 주형 탈형제를 사용하여 주형이 용융금속과 직접 접촉하지 못하게 함으로써 소부현상(seizure)을 방지함과 아울러 제품을 주형으로 부터 보다 쉽게 탈형할 수 있도록 한다.
영구 주형 주조용 주형 탈형제는 내열성과 단열성의 목적의 주형 탈형제와 주물 표면의 양호한 외관, 용융금 속의 원활한 유동성 및 안전한 있는 수축 등의 목적을 가진 주형 탈형제로 구분되고 있는 것이 일반적이다. 주형 표면 위에 적당한 층을 형성한 후 주형 표면에다 영구 주형 주조용 주형 탈형제를 코우팅하고 있다.
다시 캐스팅용의 종래의 영구 주형 주조용 주형 탈형제를 코우팅 하자면 상당한 숙련을 요하고 있다. 미숙한 사람이 코우팅 작업을 하게 되면 불시에 주형 탈형제 피막(coat)이 국부적으로 박리되어 대량 생산 공정도 중 규격에 맞지 않는 제품이 다량 생겨나게 된다. 따라서 종래의 영구 주형 주조용 주형 탈형제는 숙련된 작업자가 손으로 코우팅 하는 것이 일반적이었다. 그러나 주형 탈형제를 코우팅 하는 작업자의 능력차이에 따라 항상 제품의 생산성과 품질이 달라지고 특히 대량 생산 공정에서 여러 가지 문제점이 나타나고 있다.
이러한 이유로 해서 자동 분무장치로 코우팅 작업을 할 수 있는 영구 주형 주조용 주형 탈형제에 대한 요망이 점증하고 있다.
따라서 코우팅 작업자의 숙련도와는 관련이 없는 이러한 주형 탈형제를 사용하면 코우팅 작업을 완전하게 할 수 있고 코우팅 작업시마다 코우팅 된 상태 부위의 분산을 피할 수 없으며 결과적으로 균일한 품질의 제품을 제조할 수 있는 것이다.
본 발명은 앞서 나온 문제점에 관하여 예의 연구하고 여러 가지로 체계적인 실험을 하여 완성된 것이다.
본 발명의 목적은 코우팅 작업 때마다 코우팅된 상태부위의 분산을 방지하면서 코우팅 작업을 완전히 함으로써 제품의 내부 결함과 소부현상의 발생을 효과적으로 방지할 수 있고, 제품을 주형으로 부터 양호하게 분리할 수 있으며 주형의 내부표면과 제품의 외부표면으로 부터 쉽게 제거할 수 있고 주조 작업 도중 가스 발생을 억제할 수 있으며 코우팅 작업자의 숙련도와는 관련이 없이 균일한 품질의 제품을 제조할 수 있는 영구주형 주조용 주형 탈형제를 제공함에 있다.
본 발명은 영구 주형 주조작업시 주형 내면에다 분무하여 사용하는 영구 주형 주조용 주형 탈형제에 있어서 고체형태로 윤활제용으로 사용되는 분말상 또는 과립상 무기화합물과 주형 탈형기재(基材)에 접착성을 부여하는 분말상 또는 과립상 유기화합물로 되어 있고 유기화합물로 코우팅된 분말상 또는 과립상 주형 탈형기재로 된 혼합물을 함유하는 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제에 관한 것이다.
본 발명의 가장 현저한 특징은 주형 탈형기재가 분말상 또는 과립상이라는 것이다.
무기화합물에 대하여 유기화합물의 함량을 0.1∼45wt.% 범위에서 선택하는 것이 효과적인데, 그 이유는 무기화합물의 금속 주형 내부에 대한 접착효과는 그 함량이 0.1wt.% 이하인 경우에는 충분히 나타나지 않고, 또한 그 함량이 45wt.% 이상일 경우에는 축적이 되어 금속 주형 내부로 부터 주형 탈형제를 재거할 때 곤란을 겪게 되는데, 즉 주형 탈형효율이 감소하거나 제품의 칫수 정확도가 나빠지기 때문인 것이다.
본 발명에 사용되는 주형 탈형기재는 아무런 제한이 없으나 단, 이들은 윤활제용으로 사용되는 고체 무기화합물로 된 것이면 좋은데, 일반적으로 질화 붕소, 운모, 금속 산화물, 질화 규소, 황 화합물, 플루오르 화물, 활석, 붕소화합물 및 인 화합물을 사용하는것이 바람직하다. 그러나 종래부터 주형 탈형제로 사용되어 온 이황화 몰리브덴, 흑연 등과 같은 기타 공지의 고체 윤활제도 사용할 수 있다.
이들 무기화합물은 분말상 또는 과립상의 것인데 이들 중 한 가지만을 사용하거나 두 가지 이상을 조합하여 사용한다.
더욱이 본 발명에 사용되는 유기화합물에는 아무런 특별한 제한이 없으나 단, 위에 나온 무기화합물에 대하여 접착성과 결합성을 부여하는 특성을 가진 것이 좋으며, 일반적으로 금속비누 또는 고분자 화합물을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.
금속비누용으로는 나트륨, 칼슘, 바륨, 리튬, 칼륨, 마그네슘 또는 아연과 결합한 카르복실산 구조의 것을 사용하고, 고분자 화합물중용으로는 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 에폭시 수지, 규소 수지, 페놀수지, 아크릴레이트 수지, 알키드 수지 또는 폴리스티렌을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.
이들 유기화합물을 분말상 또는 과립상 주형 탈형기재와 혼합하거나 가열 용융된 상태로 하여 혼합한다. 따라서 본 발명의 주형 탈형제에 있어서 주형 탈형기재와 유기화합물을 모두 분말 또는 과립 형태로 하던지 분말상 또는 과립상 주형 탈형기재를 유기화합물로 코우팅한다. 부수적으로 위에 나온 유기화합물 중 한 가지 만을 사용하거나 두 가지 이상을 조합해서 사용한다. 금속비누와 고분자 화합물을 조합해서 사용해도 좋다.
본 발명에 의한 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제에 있어서 주형 탈형기재는 최소한 분말상 또는 과립상이기 때문에 주형 탈형제가 부착하는 금속 주형 내면의 일부에 있는 주형 탈형기재의 분말 또는 과립의 입자직경 만큼 적어도 금속 주형 내면과 제품이 확실히 간격을 두고 떨어져 있게 된다.
따라서 주형 탈형제는 금속 주형 내면 전체에 균일하게 부착하기 때문에 제품과 금속 주형 내면과 직접 접촉하여 생기는 소부현상을 확실히 피할 수 있다. 더욱이 본 발명에 의한 주형 탈형제는 유기화합물과 무기화합물로 되어 있고 수분을 함유하지 않기 때문에 제품내면에는 잔존 수분으로 인한 결함이 전혀 생기지 않는다. 따라서 제품품질을 향상시킬 수 있다.
또한 본 발명에 의한 주형 탈형제에 있어서 주형 탈형기재는 최소한 분말 또는 과립형태이고 수분을 함유하지 않기 때문에 금속 주형내면과 제품사이에 작용하는 장력은 약하다. 따라서 금속 주형으로 부터 제품을 탈형하기가 용이해지고, 더욱이 주형 탈형제를 금속 주형 내면과 제품표면으로 부터 쉽사리 제거할 수 있다.
또한 본 발명의 주형 탈형제에 있어서 주형 탈형제는 최소한 분말 또는 과립형태이므로 기재가 영구주조 조작도중 열을 받는다 하더라도 반응하기가 어렵고 가스를 거의 발생하지 않는다.
더욱이 본 발명의 주형 탈형제에 있어서 탈형제 기재는 최소한 분말 또는 과립형태이므로 자동분무장치로 사용할 수 있다.
따라서 코우팅 작업을 완전히 할 수가 있고 작업때마다 코우팅 작업자의 숙련도와는 관련이 없이 코우팅된 상태부위의 분산을 피할 수 있으므로 제조된 제품의 품질을 항상 균일하게 할 수 있다.
본 발명에 따르면 무기화합물과 유기화합물을 함유하는 주형 탈형제 기재 혼합물로 된 영구 주형 주조용 주형 탈형제에 있어서 주형 탈형제 기재는 최소한 분말 또는 과립형태를 하고 있으므로 다음과 같은 장점을 발휘한다.
(1) 영구 주형 주조법으로 제조된 알루미늄 합금, 아연합금 등의 주물제품의 내부 결함 발생과 소부현상 발생을 효과적으로 방지할 수 있기 때문에 제품품질을 향상시킬 수 있다.
(2) 제품을 주형으로 부터 양호하게 탈형할 수 있고, 제품외면과 주형 내면으로 부터 영구 주형 주조용 주형 탈형제를 제거할 수 있으며, 조작도중 가스발생을 극소화할 수 있다. 따라서 영구 주형 주조법으로 보다 양호한 생산성으로 주조작업을 할 수 있다.
(3) 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제를 자동분무장치로 사용할 수 있으므로 코우팅 작업을 완전히 할 수 있고 코우팅 작업자의 숙련도와는 관계없이 제품의 품질을 균일히 할 수 있기 때문에 작업시마다 코우팅된 상태 부위의 분산을 피할 수 있다.
특히 무기화합물에 대한 유기화합물의 함량범위를 0.1∼45wt.%로 함으로써 제조된 주물의 품질을 향상시킬 수 있다.
더욱이 무기화합물로서는 질화 붕소, 운모, 금속 산화물, 질화 규소, 황 화합물, 플루오르화물, 활석, 붕소 화합물 또는 인 화합물을 사용하고, 유기 화합물로서는 나트륨, 칼슘, 바륨, 리튬, 칼륨, 마그네슘 또는 아연이 결합된 카르복실산 화합물로 된 금속비누 또는 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 에폭시 수지, 규소 수지, 페놀 수지, 아크릴레이트 수지, 알키드 수지 또는 폴리스티렌 등과 같은 고분자 화합물을 사용하면 위에 나온 효과를 훨씬 더 많이 향상시킬 수 있다.
각기 해당하는 영구 주조작업에 가장 적절히 사용할 수 있는 주형 탈형제는 위에 나온 무기화합물과 유기화합물을 각각 두 가지 이상을 조합하여 사용해서 제조할 수 있다.
본 발명을 실시예로 설명하는데 본 발명은 이들 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.
[실시예]
다음에 나오는 주형 탈형제 (A)∼(E)를 제조한 후 영구 주형 주조법에 따라 이들 주형 탈형제를 사용하여 주조시험을 하여 표에 나와 있는 각 시험항목을 비교검토하였다.
두 가지 혼합물, 즉 유기화합물과 무기화합물을 분말 또는 과립형태로 하여 혼합한 혼합물과 유기화합물과 무기화합물을 가열용융된 상태로 하여 혼합한 혼합물을 제조하여 본 발명의 실시예 (A)∼(C)로 하였다.
이들 두 가지 혼합물을 제조하여 얻은 결과는 두 가지 혼합물에 있어서 동일하였다. 부수적으로 주형 탈형제 (A)∼(E)에 사용된 화합물은 시판품이다.
(A) 실시예 1 : 질화 붕소(평균 입자크기 : 1∼5마이크론) 95부와 스테아르산 칼슘 5부로 된 혼합물,
(B) 실시예 2 : 질화 붕소 20부, 운모 75부 및 폴리에틸렌 5부로 된 혼합물
(C) 실시예 3 : 질화 붕소 50부, 질화 규소 45부, 스테아르산 바륨 3부 및 폴리프로필렌 2부로 된 혼합물
(D) 질화 붕소 단독(비교 실시예 1)
(E) 주기재로서 알루미나와 활석을 함유한 보온효과를 주목적으로 하는 1차 코우팅용 주형 윤활제와 알루미나, 활석 및 흑연을 함유한 윤활 능력과 탈형능력을 주목적으로 하는 최종 코우팅용 주형 윤활로 된 것으로서 사용시에 주형에 코우팅하여 조절(비교 실시예 2)
[표 1]
X : 완전히 없음, - : 측정 불가
* : 작음, ○ : 중간, ◎ : 큼

Claims (6)

  1. 영구 주형 주조 작업시에 주형 내면에 분무하여 사용하는 영구 주형 주조형 주형 탈형제에 있어서 고체 형태로 윤활제용으로 사용되는 분말상 또는 과립상 무기화합물과 주형 탈형기재에 접착성을 부여하는 분말상 또는 과립상 유기화합물로 되어 있고 유기화합물로 코우팅된 분말상 또는 과립상 주형 탈형기재의 혼합물을 함유하는 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서, 무기화합물에 대하여 유기화합물을 0.1∼45wt.%의 함량으로 함유하는 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제.
  3. 제 1 항에 있어서, 무기화합물로는 질화 붕소, 질화 규소, 운모, 금속 산화물, 황 화합물, 플루오르화물, 활석, 붕소 화합물 및 인 화합물 중 한 가지 이상을 함유하는 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제.
  4. 제 1 항에 있어서, 유기화합물로는 금속비누 및/또는 고분자 화합물 중 한 가지 이상을 함유하는 영구 주형 분말상 주형 탈형제.
  5. 제 4 항에 있어서, 금속비누가 나트륨, 칼슘, 바륨, 리튬, 칼륨, 마그네슘 또는 아연과 결합한 카르복실산그룹을 함유하는 것인 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제.
  6. 제 4 항에 있어서, 고분자 화합물이 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 에폭시 수지, 규소 수지, 페놀 수지, 아크릴레이트 수지, 알키드 수지 또는 폴리스티렌인 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제.
KR1019910008262A 1991-03-06 1991-05-22 영구 주형 주조용 분말상 주형 탈형제 KR940009797B1 (ko)

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JP3067974A JPH0759344B2 (ja) 1991-03-06 1991-03-06 金型鋳造用粉末離型剤
JP91-67974 1991-03-06
JP91-067974 1991-03-06

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KR920017740A KR920017740A (ko) 1992-10-21
KR940009797B1 true KR940009797B1 (ko) 1994-10-17

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3467529B2 (ja) * 2000-06-13 2003-11-17 広島大学長 金型鋳造用の粉体離型潤滑剤および金型鋳造法
JP3723522B2 (ja) 2001-08-03 2005-12-07 富士通株式会社 金属成形体製造方法
DE102023103887A1 (de) 2023-02-16 2024-08-22 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Druckgussbauteils, Druckgussbauteil und Kraftfahrzeug

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB120255A (en) * 1917-10-31 1918-10-31 Thomas William Staine Hutchins Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Carbon Blocks.
GB318740A (en) * 1928-08-27 1929-09-12 Lajos Dorogi Improvements in or relating to templates for the manufacture of articles from sheet rubber
GB334857A (en) * 1929-06-05 1930-09-05 Kelly Graphite Mills Inc Improvements in or relating to parting compounds for foundry moulds
GB676408A (en) * 1950-11-20 1952-07-23 Buttress & Mcclellan Inc Method of constructing concrete building elements
US2937406A (en) * 1959-03-20 1960-05-24 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Fluid pressure core
GB1193645A (en) * 1966-08-05 1970-06-03 Francis Guy Sydenham English Improvements in or relating to Wet-Table Coatings.
US3615071A (en) * 1969-04-16 1971-10-26 Dow Corning Flexible mold
GB1362881A (en) * 1971-06-22 1974-08-07 Scott Bader Co Gel coats for moulds
DE2328337C3 (de) * 1973-06-04 1978-01-19 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen von formkoerpern und ueberzuegen aus baustoffen auf grundlage von anorganischen bindemitteln
GB2003923B (en) * 1977-09-07 1982-03-10 Foseco Int Metal working lubricants
JPH069730B2 (ja) * 1989-01-13 1994-02-09 花野商事株式会社 ダイカスト用粉末離型剤

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KR920017740A (ko) 1992-10-21
GB9111498D0 (en) 1991-07-17
GB2253409A (en) 1992-09-09
DE4116258A1 (de) 1992-09-10
JPH0759344B2 (ja) 1995-06-28
CA2041504A1 (en) 1992-09-07
JPH0592232A (ja) 1993-04-16

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