KR830002795A - 액상 조성물중 트리오르가노 포스핀의 제거방법 - Google Patents
액상 조성물중 트리오르가노 포스핀의 제거방법Info
- Publication number
- KR830002795A KR830002795A KR1019800001986A KR800001986A KR830002795A KR 830002795 A KR830002795 A KR 830002795A KR 1019800001986 A KR1019800001986 A KR 1019800001986A KR 800001986 A KR800001986 A KR 800001986A KR 830002795 A KR830002795 A KR 830002795A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- radical
- composition
- phosphine
- rhodium
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 12
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims 5
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- -1 alkyl radical Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/40—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J31/4015—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals
- B01J31/4053—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals with recovery of phosphorous catalyst system constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/20—Carbonyls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/40—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J31/4015—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals
- B01J31/4023—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J31/4038—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper containing noble metals
- B01J31/4046—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper containing noble metals containing rhodium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/49—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide
- C07C45/50—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide by oxo-reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/025—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Desodorisation of organo-phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/505—Preparation; Separation; Purification; Stabilisation
- C07F9/5095—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/321—Hydroformylation, metalformylation, carbonylation or hydroaminomethylation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/822—Rhodium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0255—Phosphorus containing compounds
- B01J31/0267—Phosphines or phosphonium compounds, i.e. phosphorus bonded to at least one carbon atom, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, the other atoms bonded to phosphorus being either carbon or hydrogen
- B01J31/0268—Phosphonium compounds, i.e. phosphine with an additional hydrogen or carbon atom bonded to phosphorous so as to result in a formal positive charge on phosphorous
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
내용 없음
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
Claims (13)
- 액체 로디움 함유조성물 또는 이 조성물의 로디움 함유 능축물로 부터 구조식(I)의 트리아릴 포스핀과 알킬 치환된 포스핀으로 구성된 군으로부터 트리오르가노 포스핀을 제거하는 방법중
- (a) 로디움 착화합물 하이드로포밀화 촉매, 상기 구조식(I)의 트리아릴 포스핀과 알킬치환된 포스핀 등으로 구성되는 로디움 함유 조성물 또는
- (b) 이 조성물의 로디움 합유 조성물을, 다음 구조식(II)를 갖는 화합물과 α,β-불포화구조식 화합물의 카르복실산 무수물로 구성되는 군으로부터 선정된 α,β-불포화 화합물과를 혼합하고,
- 이 (1)단계에서 얻은 수용성 혼합물을 2개의 별개 액체상으로 분리하고, 또
- 이 조성물 또는 농축물중에 존재하는 알킬치환된 포스핀과/또는 트리아릴포스핀의 가용성 반응생성물을 함유하는 액체상을 (1),(2)단계 반응에서 수득한 비수용성 액체상의 α,β-불포화 화합물과 분리하고, 또 이때 이 조성물 또는 농축물중에 존재하는 알킬치환 포스핀과/또는 트리알킬포스핀 총량에 대해 사용된 α,β-불포화 화합물양의 몰비율이 적어도 0.1 내지 1이며 또 사용수의 양이 적어도 (1),(2) 반응단계에서 수득한 α,β-불포화 화합물과 포스핀의 반응생성물을 용해하기에 충분한 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
-
- 상기 구조조에서
- R이 알킬레디칼이고
- R'가 알킬 또는 아릴레디칼이며
- R''가 아릴레디칼이고
- (이때 R6는 수소, 알킬, 아릴, 하이드록시, 알콕시, 아미노 및 할로겐으로 구성된 군으로 부터 선정한 레디칼이고, R7은 알킬 또는 아릴레디칼이다)로 구성된 군으로부터 선정된 레디칼이며,
- R3,R4와 R5는 각각 수소, 알킬, 아릴 상기 정의한 X레디칼과 X가 상기 정의와 동일한 -CH2X 레디칼로 구성되는 군으로 부터 선정된 레디칼이고, 또 R4및 R5를 합쳐서 2개 내지 8개 탄소원자를 갖는 알킬렌기로 치환한 레디칼이다.
- ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US4091379A | 1979-05-21 | 1979-05-21 | |
US40913 | 1979-05-21 | ||
US040913 | 1979-05-21 | ||
US06/108,279 US4283304A (en) | 1979-05-21 | 1979-12-28 | Process for removing triorganophosphine from a liquid composition |
US108279 | 1979-12-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR830002795A true KR830002795A (ko) | 1983-05-30 |
KR840001926B1 KR840001926B1 (ko) | 1984-10-25 |
Family
ID=26717593
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019800001986A KR840001926B1 (ko) | 1979-05-21 | 1980-05-20 | 액상 조성물중의 트리오르가노포스핀 제거방법 |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4283304A (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0019296B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JPS6026397B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR840001926B1 (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE3210T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU5851780A (ko) |
BR (1) | BR8003134A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA1139312A (ko) |
DE (1) | DE3062948D1 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES8104313A1 (ko) |
MX (1) | MX154813A (ko) |
PL (1) | PL128785B1 (ko) |
ZA (1) | ZA802603B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4374278A (en) * | 1980-02-28 | 1983-02-15 | Union Carbide Corporation | Hydroformylation catalyst reactivation |
US4710587A (en) * | 1980-04-16 | 1987-12-01 | Union Carbide Corp. | Process for removing triorganophosphine from an organic liquid |
US4605780A (en) * | 1980-09-24 | 1986-08-12 | Union Carbide Corporation | Reactivation of rhodium complex hydroformylation catalysts |
GB2097795B (en) * | 1981-05-01 | 1984-08-01 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Recovering triaryl phosphine from poisoned thodium catalyst systems |
US4390473A (en) * | 1981-06-22 | 1983-06-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Recovery of rhodium and cobalt low pressure oxo catalyst |
DE3235029A1 (de) * | 1982-09-22 | 1984-03-22 | Ruhrchemie Ag, 4200 Oberhausen | Verfahren zur rueckgewinnung von wasserloeslichen, rhodium enthaltenden hydroformylierungskatalysatoren |
US4599456A (en) * | 1984-12-20 | 1986-07-08 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Novel aldehyde-phosphine compositions and uses therefor |
DE3715344A1 (de) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-24 | Basf Ag | Alkoxysubstituierte maleinsaeureimide und maleinsaeureanhydride, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
US4861918A (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1989-08-29 | Union Carbide Corporation | Reactivation of hydroformylation catalysts |
US4935550A (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1990-06-19 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc. | Catalytic metal recovery from non-polar organic solutions |
US4929767A (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1990-05-29 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc. | Treatment of rhodium catalysts |
US4975180A (en) * | 1989-06-05 | 1990-12-04 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Cracking process |
US5114970A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1992-05-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Use of 3-iodo-2-chloro-2-propenenitrile as an antimicrobial |
DE4135050A1 (de) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-04-29 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur reaktivierung wasserloeslicher hydroformylierungskatalysatoren |
US5516965A (en) * | 1995-01-18 | 1996-05-14 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Unsaturates recovery and recycle process |
US5675041A (en) * | 1995-01-18 | 1997-10-07 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Direct hydroformylation of a multi-component synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, ethylene, and acetylene |
US5520722A (en) * | 1995-01-18 | 1996-05-28 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Multiunsaturates removal process |
BRPI0905700A2 (pt) * | 2008-01-15 | 2015-07-14 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Composição, catalisador complexo ou composição precursora de catalisador complexo, solução de catalisador complexo ou solução de precursor de catalisador complexo, processo de hidroformilação e classe de compostos de triorganofina não ionicos |
WO2009091670A1 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-23 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Sulfonated organophosphine compounds and use thereof in hydroformylation processes |
US8394978B2 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2013-03-12 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Sulfonated organophosphine compounds and use thereof in hydroformylation processes |
MX358981B (es) * | 2012-06-04 | 2018-09-11 | Dow Technology Investments Llc | Proceso de hidroformilacion. |
CN104045532B (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-05-25 | 陶氏技术投资有限责任公司 | 加氢甲酰化方法 |
DE102014002103B4 (de) * | 2014-02-15 | 2020-10-22 | Oxea Gmbh | Verfahren zur Regenerierung gebrauchter Hydroformylierungskatalysatoren |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2822376A (en) * | 1957-02-27 | 1958-02-04 | American Cyanamid Co | Reaction of phosphine with alpha, beta-unsatu-rated compounds |
US3527809A (en) * | 1967-08-03 | 1970-09-08 | Union Carbide Corp | Hydroformylation process |
US3555098A (en) * | 1967-12-13 | 1971-01-12 | Union Oil Co | Hydroformylation |
IT1007026B (it) * | 1974-01-23 | 1976-10-30 | Montedison Spa | Procedimento per il ricupero di sistemi catalitici da grezzi di idroformilazione |
US4148830A (en) * | 1975-03-07 | 1979-04-10 | Union Carbide Corporation | Hydroformylation of olefins |
US4009003A (en) * | 1976-02-09 | 1977-02-22 | Celanese Corporation | Method for determining suitability of triorganophosphorus ligands for use in hydroformylation processes |
FR2351077A1 (fr) * | 1976-05-13 | 1977-12-09 | Celanese Corp | Procede perfectionne d'hydroformylation des olefines avec un catalyseur complexe au rhodium |
-
1979
- 1979-12-28 US US06/108,279 patent/US4283304A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1980
- 1980-04-30 ZA ZA00802603A patent/ZA802603B/xx unknown
- 1980-05-09 CA CA000351637A patent/CA1139312A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-19 AU AU58517/80A patent/AU5851780A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1980-05-20 JP JP55066033A patent/JPS6026397B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1980-05-20 KR KR1019800001986A patent/KR840001926B1/ko active
- 1980-05-20 PL PL1980224367A patent/PL128785B1/pl unknown
- 1980-05-20 EP EP80102790A patent/EP0019296B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-20 DE DE8080102790T patent/DE3062948D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-05-20 MX MX182411A patent/MX154813A/es unknown
- 1980-05-20 AT AT80102790T patent/ATE3210T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-05-20 BR BR8003134A patent/BR8003134A/pt unknown
- 1980-05-20 ES ES491648A patent/ES8104313A1/es not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS6026397B2 (ja) | 1985-06-24 |
KR840001926B1 (ko) | 1984-10-25 |
ES491648A0 (es) | 1981-04-16 |
JPS55154985A (en) | 1980-12-02 |
MX154813A (es) | 1987-12-15 |
PL128785B1 (en) | 1984-02-29 |
BR8003134A (pt) | 1980-12-23 |
EP0019296B1 (en) | 1983-05-04 |
EP0019296A1 (en) | 1980-11-26 |
DE3062948D1 (en) | 1983-06-09 |
PL224367A1 (ko) | 1981-06-05 |
ES8104313A1 (es) | 1981-04-16 |
US4283304A (en) | 1981-08-11 |
ZA802603B (en) | 1981-04-29 |
ATE3210T1 (de) | 1983-05-15 |
AU5851780A (en) | 1980-11-27 |
CA1139312A (en) | 1983-01-11 |
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