KR20200127372A - Bed soil composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bed soil composition for a water pipe and, more particularly, to a product in which perlite is added to bed soil, and a manufacturing method thereof. In the bed soil for a water pipe including coco peat, peat moss, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite, and jute sand, the bed soil for a water pipe has 1 to 28 v% of the perlite added thereto based on the total volume.

Description

Bed soil composition}

The present invention relates to a top soil for tap water, and more particularly, to a product in which pearlite is added to the top soil for tap water, and a method of manufacturing the same.

In the 1970s, as Korea became industrialized, rural labor force was greatly shortened due to the rapid urban advancement of the rural population. Thus, research on rice machine cultivation and transfer technologies such as box seeding technology began in the mid-1970s, and in the early 1980s, seedling and seedling cultivation technologies were expanded and distributed to farmers, which greatly contributed to the reduction of rural labor force and production cost. Box seedlings require topsoil, a medium to grow seeds. In the early days of machine transfer cultivation, most of the farms used homegrown clay as loess, but the homegrown soil had difficulties in adjusting the pH and sorting the size of loess one by one. Therefore, commercial soil companies manufacture and market soil for water supply, accounting for more than 90% of the current rice cultivation area. The top soil for water supply is important for seedling by machine transfer cultivation. There are four important functions for the soil to make crops grow well:

-Function to store nutrients (fertilizer ingredients)

-Function to repair (storage) water that can be absorbed whenever crops are needed

-Simultaneous gas exchange between the roots and the air above the medium

-Function to support crops

In order to function like this, the raw materials are most important than anything else, and the main raw materials of the top soil are coco peat, peat moss, vermiculite, pearlite, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, and jute sand. Raw materials such as coco peat, peat moss, vermiculite, and perlite depend on imports, so supply and demand are unstable, and prices rise every year. As a result, the purpose is to reduce other imported raw materials by importing ore and adding domestically produced perlite to the soil for water supply, and to reduce the weight of the product and moderate water holding capacity.

Hereinafter, we look at the related prior literature. The identification code in the following prior literature is irrelevant to the present invention.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1925910'Pusan gypsum and serpentine for water use topsoil composition' relates to a water supply topsoil composition using phosphate and Busan gypsum and serpentine. The top soil composition for water supply according to No. 10-1925910 exhibits an excellent effect on the growth of rice seedlings, and has the advantage of ensuring quality stability because there is no change in pH and EC even during long-term storage. In addition, by using phosphate bysan gypsum and serpentine, expensive diatomaceous earth to lower the pH is not used, thereby reducing manufacturing cost. No. 10-1925910 describes 10 to 30% by volume of any one or more organic matters selected from the group consisting of peat moss and coco peat; 20 to 60% by volume of inorganic matter including expanded vermiculite and any one selected from the group consisting of zeolite, masato, loess and kaolin; 10 to 40% by volume of any one or more gypsum selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid gypsum, natural gypsum, and desulfurized gypsum; And 10 to 20% by volume of serpentine, and the inorganic material includes any one selected from the group consisting of zeolite, masato, ocher and kaolin and expanded vermiculite in a volume ratio of 1: 0.1 to 2, and the gypsum and serpentine are 1: It is characterized in that it is included in a volume ratio of 0.1 to 2.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1479099'Coal flooring and diatomaceous earth mixture for light-weight topsoil for water supply and lightweight topsoil for water supply including the same' relates to a coal bottom material and diatomaceous earth mixture for light-weight topsoil for water supply, and lightweight topsoil for water supply including the same. In detail, it relates to a coal floor material and diatomaceous earth mixture for a lightweight topsoil material for water supply with a pH of 4.0 to 4.6 in which the coal floor material, which is an environmental waste generated from a thermal power plant, and diatomaceous earth, which is a specific acid soil, are mixed at a specific ratio, and a lightweight topsoil for water supply including the same. In the case of using a lightweight topsoil for water containing a mixture of coal flooring and diatomaceous earth according to No. 10-1479099, not only excellent crop growth is achieved by improving ventilation and water holding capacity, but also reducing the cost of raw materials of top soil and recycling industrial waste. It has the effect of improving resource productivity and reducing the cost of reprocessing industrial waste. No. 10-1479099 is a mixture of a coal flooring material and diatomaceous earth for a lightweight top soil material for water supply, wherein the coal flooring material has not undergone a separate fine powder screening process, and includes a particle size of 0.3 to 2 mm, and a pH of 9 to 12, The pH of the diatomaceous earth is 3.5 to 4.0, the pH of the coal bottom material and the diatomaceous earth mixture is 4.0 to 4.6, and the volume ratio of the coal floor material and the diatomaceous earth is 20 to 55%: 80 to 45%.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1925910'Topsoil composition for water supply using phosphate-busan gypsum and serpentine' (announcement date December 6, 2018) Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1479099'Coal floor material and diatomaceous earth mixture for lightweight top soil material for water supply and lightweight top soil for water supply including the same' (announcement date January 7, 2015)

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1925910 or Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1479099 also applies imported raw materials with relatively high prices. The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to develop a top soil composition for water supply having excellent water retention and breathability while applying materials with low cost.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems that are not mentioned can be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs from the following description. There will be.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention is in the upper soil for water containing coco peat, peat moss, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite (vermiculite) and jute sand, perlite is 1 ~ 28v based on the total volume It provides a top soil for water, characterized in that the addition of %.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to expect an advantage in that the weight is light and the cost is lower than that of the conventional water supply top soil while having adequate water holding power, bore capacity, and ventilation.

In addition, pearlite blends well with other raw materials and makes it smoother, and it is good to put the top soil in the bed box and cover it in the batch seeding machine, and it has good workability, which increases the number of nails per hour and helps farmers to work more conveniently.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the above effects, and should be understood to include all effects that can be inferred from the configuration of the invention described in the detailed description or claims of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be implemented in various different forms, and therefore is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected (connected, contacted, bonded)" with another part, it is not only "directly connected", but also "indirectly connected" with another member in the middle. "Including the case. In addition, when a part "includes" a certain component, it means that other components may be further provided, rather than excluding other components unless specifically stated to the contrary.

The terms used in the present specification are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as "comprise" or "have" are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or a combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features. It is to be understood that the presence or addition of elements or numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof, does not preclude in advance. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention provides a top soil for tap water, characterized in that 1 to 28 v% of perlite is added based on the total volume in the top soil for tap water comprising coco peat, peat moss, zeolite, diatomaceous earth vermiculite (vermiculite) and jute sand.

In the above composition, it is preferable that coco peat is 10 to 30v%, peat moss is 5 to 10v%, vermiculite is 20 to 50v%, zeolite is 5 to 10v%, diatomaceous earth is 5 to 10v%, jute sand is 5 to 20v%. .

The present invention not only facilitates the supply of raw materials by reducing the use of imported raw materials by adding perlite to the conventional water supply soil, but also provides a water holding soil composition excellent in water retention and ventilation.

Hereinafter looks at the substances added to the soil for water supply of the present invention.

Coco peat is produced through physical compression and chemical maturation process after extracting the fiber of coconut fiber from the coconut husk area. Coco peat is a raw material that has high water holding capacity and retention power, good ventilation, low volume density, high cation replacement capacity, and resistance to decomposition. Coco peat contains plant nutrients in addition to nitrogen, phosphoric acid, silicic acid, lime, and sulfur, and these components become effective due to the decomposition of corrosion.

Peat moss is usually made from peat moss, which has a light tan or brown color. The peat moss has the highest water holding capacity of all the pits, that is, more than 50-60% of its volume. In peat moss, you can see the fine structure of moss. A large amount of moisture is retained in the large surface area of the moss, and active air exchange occurs in the large pores between the peat moss masses. For voids, peat moss should not be finely ground below the fiber level.

Peat moss is the most widely used organic material in the world at present. Since 98% of its volume is water cells, it contains water and air in an ideal ratio, so it has excellent ventilation and water retention. In addition, because of the COOH-group on the cell surface, the cation substitution capacity is large, so the retention power is good, the inorganic matter content is very small, and the dissolution of inorganic components in the decomposition process is not large, so fertilization control is easy.

Zeolite is a mineral meaning boiling stone. It is intensively calculated in the tertiary strata such as Yeongil, Pohang, and Gampo in Gyeongbuk. Channels and pores that can be exchanged with water and other substances form a three-dimensional structure, and have unique properties depending on the size and shape of pores in the crystal. As a soil conditioner for agriculture, it is distributed as a fertilizer along with bentonite, and is used as a supplementary feed along with bentonite, kaolin, illite, biotite, and sericite for livestock. It is widely used as a supplement to other pesticides, feed additives for fish, seedling pots for horticultural crops, and soil for water supply. Zeolite has a remarkably high cation substitution capacity, contains a large amount of base, and particularly has a relatively high sodium content. Since the pH is close to neutral and contains a large amount of base, there is an effect of improving acidic soil, but it is not effective in improving the physical properties of the soil. Since the bore power is remarkably large, there is little leaching of fertilizer by irrigation.

Vermiculite (vermiculite) is derived from the Latin word for earthworm (vermiculare) because it expands into an earthworm-like model when suddenly heated above 700℃. Vermiculite is used as an industrial or construction material, and among them, vermiculite of poor quality is used as a raw material for agriculture. Vermiculite is used as a raw material for top soil for agriculture, as a medium for cutting and seedling, and a soil conditioner. It has high moisturizing properties, high insulation properties, high CEC, good holding power, and easy mixing due to its neutral pH.

Jute is a pale yellow to yellowish brown silt sediment carried by the wind. These jute yarns are homogeneous, and the masses of 0.05~0.005mm are more than 50%, generally have many pores, have a property of being easily broken, and contain carbonates. Jute sand, which is widely used in ordinary farms, is preferred because of its low pH and slow draining of water. However, it is heavy so it is inconvenient to handle, and its use is refrained from hitting the wall of indiscriminate damage to nature.

The present invention is to prevent weight increase due to the increase in the usage of loess by adding perlite to the conventional water-retaining soil, and to make water-retaining power and retaining power suitable for water-retaining power by supplementing the characteristics of the ocher that is slow to drain.

Pearlite is a good substitute for jute because it has the property of smoothing the air supply to the medium. The advantage of perlite is very light and the pH is close to neutral. Similar to vermiculite, perlite is used as a raw material for top soil for agriculture, as a medium for cutting trees and seedlings, and as a medium for nutrient cultivation. The advantages of perlite are light weight, good ventilation, preventing hardening of soil, high thermal insulation, high hygroscopicity, high fire resistance and chemical stability, and neutral pH.

Pearlite is a raw material that is typically input to the production of soil used for horticultural use, flowers, and special purposes, and improves physical properties such as breathability as described above. In addition, since the weight of the soil is lowered, the weight per sheet is reduced, so it is convenient to handle when sowing, cultivating, and transplanting, providing an advantage in rural areas where farmers are aging. In general, in the current agricultural technology, most of the seeding is done with a batch seeding machine. Organic raw materials such as coco peat and peat moss and inorganic raw materials such as diatomaceous earth and jute have a higher viscosity than other raw materials. In the case of top soil, the flowability is poor in the seeding machine. On the other hand, pearlite blends well with other raw materials and makes it softer, and it has good workability for putting and covering top soil in the bed box in a batch seeding machine. It increases the number of nails per hour and helps farmers to work more conveniently.

Pearlite is directly used as a raw material for growing crops, and is used for construction materials because of its fireproof insulation, and is used in various ways such as filtration aids (filtration, deodorization, decolorization, purification) in the manufacture or processing of food. As a result, expanded pearlite according to the gemstone is produced in various particle sizes. However, the powder particle size of 0.3mm or less is a factor that can cause environmental problems by paying money to landfill or leaving it as it is if there is no special use place, and there is a problem in processing it in the pearlite production plant as there is no special use place.

Such perlite is a mineral formed by concentrating internal volatiles as rhyolite magma erupts during volcanic activity, flows into the surface lake or sea, and rapidly cools. By using the above pearlite powder as a raw material for the top soil, the effect of lowering the top soil cost and improving the functionality of the top soil can be expected.

Physics analysis

The results of measuring the water holding capacity of each raw material with the applicant's water holding capacity measuring equipment are shown in Table 1 below.

In Tables 1 and 2 below, coco peat containing no pearlite, peat moss, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite (vermiculite), and water supply soil containing jute sand was used as a control.

As for the pearlite added in the experimental group, pearlite powder having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm was applied.

Analysis of physical properties according to pearlite content division Porosity (%) Water holding power (%) Remark Control 64.8 28.7 - Pearlite 5% 65.6 24.2 4.5% reduction in water holding capacity Pearlite 10% 66.6 20.1 8.6% reduction in water holding capacity 20% pearlite 68.0 16.1 12.6% reduction in water holding capacity 30% pearlite 65.0 10.9 17.8% reduction in water holding capacity 40% pearlite 64.5 8.6 20.1% reduction in water holding capacity 50% pearlite 63.0 7.6 21.1% reduction in water holding capacity

As shown in Table 1, when pearlite was added, it was confirmed that the water holding power tends to decrease.

Growth experiment

On November 30th, rice seeds were immersed in water and left for 24 hours. After disinfecting the seeds with 2ml of Tachigaren in 20L of rice seeds immersed on December 2nd, on December 3rd, the rice seeds are cultivated in a 32℃ constant temperature incubator for 24 hours. On December 4th, after flattening the bed box, 200g of rice seed was sown and covered. Boxes were piled up until December 7th in a room with a temperature of 30℃ and then placed on December 7th. After that, it was grown until December 21st.

Pond growth according to pearlite content division Length (cm) Live weight (mg/week) Dry weight (mg/week) Remark Control 15.8 57.7 8.7 - Pearlite 5% 16.1 59.8 9.4 Slightly increase Pearlite 10% 16.3 62.3 11.7 Greatly increased 20% pearlite 16.0 59.7 9.3 Slightly increase 30% pearlite 14.2 54.3 8.3 decrease 40% pearlite 13.6 50.3 8.0 decrease 50% pearlite 11.8 43.7 7.0 decrease

That is, as shown in Table 1 above, when pearlite was added, the water holding capacity decreased, but as shown in Table 2, when pearlite was added at 28v% or less, it was confirmed that there is a positive effect on the growth of the simulation. It is believed that this is due to the fact that when pearlite is added, the blendability can be increased to maintain a uniform quality of the top soil, and accordingly, a high packing power can be secured.

Although the present invention has been described in detail, this is only one example among various embodiments including the gist of the present invention, and its purpose is to allow those of ordinary skill in the art to easily implement it. , It is clear that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope equivalent thereto by changes, substitutions, substitutions, etc. within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention are the rights of the present invention. Will be included in the scope. In addition, the reference numerals are for better understanding and do not mean that the shape and structure of the present invention are limited to the accompanying drawings.

Claims (1)

In the top soil for water supply containing coco peat, peat moss, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite (vermiculite) and jute sand,
Topsoil for water, characterized in that 1 ~ 28v% of pearlite is added based on the total volume.