KR20150055214A - Rainbow trout breeding method using flowing water - Google Patents

Rainbow trout breeding method using flowing water Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20150055214A
KR20150055214A KR1020130137164A KR20130137164A KR20150055214A KR 20150055214 A KR20150055214 A KR 20150055214A KR 1020130137164 A KR1020130137164 A KR 1020130137164A KR 20130137164 A KR20130137164 A KR 20130137164A KR 20150055214 A KR20150055214 A KR 20150055214A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
rainbow trout
salinity
water
sea
cage
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KR1020130137164A
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Korean (ko)
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김석춘
오일순
김양묵
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김석춘
오일순
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Priority to KR1020130137164A priority Critical patent/KR20150055214A/en
Publication of KR20150055214A publication Critical patent/KR20150055214A/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for farming rainbow trout in running water instead of a water tank. The method includes the steps of: letting rainbow trout fry to a specific size to enable the fishes to adapt to an appropriate acclimation salinity level in a freshwater fish farm; acclimating the rainbow trout by moving the rainbow trout to a care in an estuary of a river or a water tunnel path having the salinity of 12 to 25 ‰; and moving the cage to the seat and farming the rainbow trout in the cage for two months to reach the survival rate of 93% or higher.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to rainbow trout breeding methods using flowing water,

The present invention relates to a method of cultivating rainbow trout using osmotic pressure regulating ability, and more particularly, to a method of cultivating a rainbow trout using a nodal zone (a middle part of fresh water and sea water) in a prime area such as a river estuary or a water passage Lt; / RTI >

Rainbow trout are called rainbow trout because they have red iridescent spawning season. At the time of chewing, there are 812 wide horizontal lines like a salmon in the surface of the body, but it grows opaque when it grows and disappears when it is over a year. As a cold water fish, the species introduced in our country inhabits in rivers only for a lifetime and lives in the rivers upstream or in the mountains. The main feeds are aquatic insects, floating creatures, small crustaceans, crustaceans and small fish. The species of rainbow trout introduced in Korea are spawning from October to March, while wild trout in North America are spawning in spring (April to June). It grows faster than other fish, is fertile and has good taste. Rainbow trout, which live in Korea for 7 ~ 8 years, have a life span of 3 to 4 years.

Rainbow Trout is a species that sends its life from freshwater, but its growth rate is about twice as fast as that of sea water, and because of damage caused by diseases, rainbow trout has the ability to control two different osmotic pressures of freshwater fish and sea fish. It is adapted to survive and is cultivated in sea water and shipped.

In Korean Patent No. 820041 (entitled "Method of culturing fish using osmotic pressure control ability") as a prior art for cultivating such a rainbow trout, the fish grown by hatching in fresh water is equivalent to the salt water salinity from a low- , The method of breeding the rainbow trout using the osmotic pressure control capability which allows the fish to adapt to the survival of the fish in the seawater by increasing the salinity over a multi-step time interval from the high salinity to the high salinity.

In the above prior art, sturgeon, mountain fish and rainbow trout having two different osmotic pressure control ability of freshwater fish and sea fish were used as the fishes cultured in the aquaculture method, and the salinity of the water in the aquaculture tank was changed from 7 hours to 60 And the last 34 times per degree of salinity over the selected time interval, most preferably every 48 hours, in steps of 3.4 per milliliter, so that the fish can be adapted to survive at the salinity corresponding to the seawater. .

In order to adapt the fish to sea water, it is necessary to construct a number of aquaculture tanks with different salinity and to gradually move the fishes from low salt to high salt and other salt water tanks. In this case, In order to solve the problem that the epidermis is decolorized and the symptoms causing the seizures continue even if the food is not eaten when the intestinal stress is frequently caused by forced capture and movement, At a selected time interval within the range of 60 hours to 60 hours, the water content of the aquaculture tank is discharged at a rate of 3.4% per milliliter By increasing the amount of fish to the next level of high salt salt tank without moving the corresponding The method of increasing the salinity of the water in the water tank was used.

Another prior art is Korean Patent No. 979406 entitled "Improved Prior Art ", entitled " Method and Apparatus for the Determination of Sea Water and Salmon in Trout and Salmon. &Quot; The improved prior art is that the seawater settlement and the aquaculture method shifts the trout and trout fry into the rearing tank and continuously adjusts the salinity of the water in the rearing tank so that it adapts to survive at the salinity corresponding to the seawater It is the point of the invention.

In particular, according to Korean Unexamined Patent Publication No. 820041, when the salinity is increased discretely, that is, by increasing the salinity to 34 times per day in 10 steps of 3.4 times per 48 hours, the mortality rate reaches 30% In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, there has been a problem in that, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the fishes of the fish are stocked in a breeding tank in which fresh water and seawater of less than 5 per mill are mixed. Thereafter, the salinity concentration is continuously raised to 10 per minute for 2 to 6 hours; Thereafter, the salinity is continuously increased to 16 per minute for 22 to 26 hours; Thereafter, the salinity is continuously raised to 24 percent for 18 to 22 hours; Thereafter, maintaining salinity at 24 per cent for 3 to 5 days; Thereafter, the salinity is continuously increased to 30 per minute for 12 to 24 hours; Thereafter, maintaining the salinity at 30 per cent for 3 to 5 days; Thereafter, the salinity of the water in the breeding tank is continuously increased to accommodate the salinity corresponding to the seawater, including the step of migrating the seaweed fish to the marine cage. In this improved method, To 15%.

In the above prior art, the salinity is increased by controlling the amount of fresh water and the amount of seawater supplied to the mixed water tank to increase the salinity of the water by mixing in the tank, and the water is continuously sprayed into the rearing tank .

In the above-mentioned prior art, the fishes to be cultured have two different osmotic pressure control capabilities of freshwater fishes and sea fishes, so that Korean Patent No. 820041 (entitled " Method of culturing fish using osmotic pressure control ability " So that the fish can survive in seawater by increasing salinity in multi steps, ie, discontinuously at intervals of time, from the low salinity aquarium to the high salt salinity corresponding to the salinity. And Korean Patent No. 979406 (entitled "Method and Appraisal Method for Trout and Salmon in the Sea) ", in order to continuously increase the salinity of the water in the breeding tank and to survive at the salinity corresponding to the seawater Adaptation method was used.

However, in both of the above-mentioned prior arts, the fishes grown in fresh water have been discontinously or continuously increased in the aquaculture tank (Korean Patent No. 820041) or the breeding tank (Korean Patent No. 979406) There is the following problem as a method of adapting the fish adapted to survive in salinity and culturing the adapted fish in seawater.

1) By continuously adjusting the salinity of the water, it can reach 15% and maintain high mortality.

2) Fish must be stationed within a limited number of water tanks, and installation space and management costs of water tanks should be incurred.

3) Various equipments for the continuous or discontinuous adjustment of the salinity of the water and therefore the labor costs.

The present invention solves the problems of the prior art by a method of moving the fish from the nose to the river mouth or the running water to the running water instead of using the water tank to increase the salinity.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a fish tank is not used to produce rainbow trout, and the rainbow trout is grown in a size capable of adapting to a salinity suitable for a freshwater farm in a freshwater farm, and a salinity of 5 ‰ ~ 25 ‰ ) To the cage of the water area by the river mouth or waterway corresponding to the water area and then transporting the cage to the sea (seawater) with the rainbow trout in it and cultivating it for 2 months to achieve a survival rate of 93% or more. Method of cultivation is provided.

According to another feature of the present invention, the average weight of the rainbow trout grown in the freshwater farm is from 150 g to 250 g for one year at a salinity ranging from 20 ‰ to 25 ‰ in water for 8 days and the thus- , And the average weight of the rainbow trout grown in the freshwater farm is 60 ~ 100g. The average weight of the rainbow trout grown in the freshwater farm is 60 ~ 100g And the rainbow trout, which has been cultivated and cultivated for 2 months in a salinity range of 12 ‰ ~ 14 ‰, which is an adaptive salinity, is sampled for 8 days in a salinity range of 20 ‰ to 25 ‰, and the rainbow trout There is a method of transferring the salinity between 25 ‰ and 31 ‰ water for 3 days and then moving the cage to the sea (sea water) with rainbow trout for 3 months.

According to another feature of the present invention, a water tank is not used for cultivating rice gonads, and the average weight of rainbow trout is 10 to 50 g in freshwater farms. After the increase of the concentration to 60 ~ 100g, the salinity was measured in the range of 12 ‰ ~ 14 ‰ for 2 months. The thus prepared plain weedy trout was placed in the cage for 8 days in a salinity range of 20 ‰ to 25 ‰, A method of cultivating a rainbow trout by using a cannon, which is cultivated for 3 months with the equilibrium rainbow trout being transported to the sea of 25 ‰ ~ 31 ‰ with the rainbow trout back in the cage and then transporting the cage to the sea (seawater) / RTI >

The present invention overcomes the high mortality rate in the rainbow trout culture method of the prior art, achieves a high survival rate by setting at least 93%, and in the prior art, cultivation is carried out using various apparatuses The time and effort that has arisen and the expenses and professional manpower that have been caused by it.

At present, many northeastern countries, neighboring countries such as Japan, China, and Korea are also attempting to produce seawater crayfish of rainbow trout, which is a natural saltwater salt fish. If freshwater fish are cultured in seawater, growth rate will be fast and there will be less damage caused by diseases, and it can be expected to make a great contribution to the income of fishermen.

However, in the prior art, when the water tank is used for the homogenization, unlike the expenses incurred for supplying a large amount of water required for the water in the water tank and the expenses incurred in supplying the dissolved oxygen, It is possible to greatly increase the survival rate of the ultimate sea water culture when the salt tolerant fish, which are the saltwater fish in the running water of the run-off area without using the stored water of the tank through the water tank, can be greatly increased, .

In particular, fry growing at a specific size in freshwater is not required to adjust the salinity continuously or discontinuously by allowing it to grow and grow in the adaptive salinity waters according to the size (weight) of the river basin or waterway, Survival rates in sea water have been found to be very high.

Therefore, in the present invention, the fish tank of the prior art described above is not used, and the rainbow trout is grown in a specific size from fresh water to a salinity of 5 ‰ to 25 ‰ (per milliliter), preferably 5 ‰ to 25 ‰ Perille) to the cage of the water area by an estuary or waterway corresponding to the water area.

Ideally, rainwater trout should be at least 8 months in water temperature (below 6 ° C to 20 ° C) (rainbow trout should be cultured in seawater for 8 months, ), The flow rate is 20 to 30 cm / sec, the transparency of the water is 1 m or more, the dissolved oxygen amount (at least 3.5 mg / l or more) is saturated, the pH of the water is 6.5 to 8.0 and the hardness is 8 It is preferable to select a place where the muddy water does not last for more than 3 days in the area and the rainy season in the range of ~ 12, there is no ammonia content, and the concentration of the marine water is less than 15mg / l.

According to the present invention, rainbow trout grown in a certain size in fresh water is transported in a suitable salinity watershed, and the cage, in which the rainbow trout is transported, is sequentially transported to the sea water in accordance with the natural habitat of the rainbow trout , The rainbow trout is transferred from the land to the seawater and transferred to the seawater, and a revolutionary method to overcome the extremely high mortality in the prior art is provided.

In addition, the salinity of the estuaries in the estuaries or waterways is determined to be within a salinity difference which can be tolerated according to the specific size of the rainbow trout cultured in freshwater, and the salinity is continuously or discontinuously adjusted It is possible to avoid the expense, time and hassle for the sea water settlement, which is required to move the rainbow trout to the seawater farm, and at the same time, the survival rate of the rainbow trout to the salmon can be maintained at 95% or more.

Example 1

In May 2011, a cage (L2m x W2m x T0.7m) was installed in the salinity range of 20 ‰ ~ 25 ‰ in the domestic river estuary and rainbow trout (average weight 150g ~ 250g) 100 birds were transferred and 1.2% of the weight of rainbow trout was fed for 8 days at 9 o'clock and 7 o'clock at 2 o'clock at a water temperature of 13 ~ 16. The rainbow trout thus sampled was transported from the sea to the sea of 25 ‰ to 31 ‰, and was fed for 3 days while feeding the fish in an environment of 13 to 16 water temperature. Then, the sea cage was transported to the sea ) And cultured for 3 months. As a result, 96 surviving surviving fish survived 96% of total survival.

In relation to the above example, when a rainbow trout having an average weight of 100 g to 150 g cultured in a freshwater farm was subjected to the same conditions in a salinity range of 20 ‰ to 25 ‰, the survival rate of the surviving fish was not more than 80, Fell sharply to below 80%. Therefore, it was concluded that the most economical and short - term commercial breeding of rainbow trout in freshwater aquaculture farms was 150 ~ 250g.

With respect to the above example, in place of 20 ‰ to 25 ‰ of salinity, starting from 10 ‰ to 19 ‰ of salinity was carried out under the same conditions. As a result, the survival rate of rainbow trout was 98 (survival rate: 98%) at 10 ‰ to 19 ‰ The survival rate is somewhat higher than in the above embodiment. However, the surviving rainbow trout was transferred to the sea (seawater) for 3 months, resulting in 72 successful survival fish, with a total survival rate of 72%.

This result is the result of moving to the sea without going through the 3 - day survey in the sea area between 20 ‰ and 25 ‰ for 8 days and the salinity between 25 ‰ and 31 ‰ in the waters. Finally, It was confirmed that the survival rate of the salted fish was high by moving the cage to the sea (seawater) while holding the rainbow trout from the salinity to the seawater sequentially.

That is, there is no significant difference in the low salinity at the time when the 1-year old crabgrass (average weight 150g ~ 250g) started to be cultured in the freshwater farm, but the salinity was not much different from the above example. To sea (seawater), it was interpreted that the survival rate dropped sharply due to the salinity difference. Therefore, it was concluded that the highest salinity desired to start cultivation in the freshwater farm for more than 1 year (average weight 150g ~ 250g) was 20 ‰ ~ 25 ‰.

Example 2

In October 2012, a cage (L2m x W2m x T0.7m) was installed in a salinity range of 12 ‰ ~ 14 ‰ in the river estuary of Korea, and a freshwater fish (average weight 60 ~ 100g) And 1.6% of the weight of rainbow trout was distributed at three times at 7:00 am and noon and 7:00 pm at the water temperature of 13 ~ 16. The rainbow trout was placed in the cage and the salinity was transferred from 20 ‰ to 25 ‰. The fish were fed for 8 days at a water temperature of 13-16.

The rainbow trout thus sampled was moved back to the salinity range of 25 ‰ to 31 ‰ with the cage kept in the cage, and was fed for 3 days while feeding the food under an environment of 13 to 16 water temperature. Then, (Survival rate: 98%) and rainbow trout survival rate (95% survival rate: 95%) at 20 ‰ ~ 25 ‰ waters in the salinity range of 12 ‰ ~ 14 ‰, ), And since then there has been no further discontinuance until the seawater culture. The survival rate of rainbow trout from the beginning to the third month of seawater culture was 95%.

In addition, with respect to the above embodiment, 100 birds of the genera (10 to 50 g) were subjected to 10 to 10 months in a salinity range of 5 ‰ to 8 ‰, and the population was increased to 60 to 100 g. The survival rate reached 93%.

As a result, the survival rate of rainbow trout was 98 (survival rate: 98%) in the salinity range of 5 ‰ to 11 ‰ in the 5 ‰ to 11 ‰ waters instead of the 12 ‰ to 14 ‰ salinity. There was no difference from the above example. The survival rate was 62% in the first stage (60 ~ 100g weight) of rainbow trout. The survival rate in 5 ‰ ~ 11 ‰ waters was lower than that of self - adaptation salinity. 98%. However, in 12 ‰ ~ 14 ‰ waters, which are self-adaptive salinity, they were sampled immediately in 20 ‰ ~ 25 ‰ waters for 8 days and in 25 ‰ ~ 31 ‰ waters for 3 days. The results showed that the survival rate was 84%, so 1 - year - old rainbow trout was not raised to the size (150g - 250g) suitable for salinity 20 ‰ ~ 25 ‰ in 5 ‰ ~ 11 ‰ waters.

This is because the survival rate is high even at a relatively low salinity as in the above example at the time when the first year old (less than one year old) crabgrass farmed in the freshwater farm (average weight 60 to 100 g) starts to settle, , It was interpreted that the survival rate dropped rapidly due to the difference in salinity at the next step when the salinity was shifted to the 20 ‰ ~ Therefore, it was concluded that the effective threshold salinity was 12 ‰ ~ 14 ‰ at the beginning of the cultivation of less than 1 year old plain weevil (mean weight 60 ~ 100g).

As a result, the survival rate of the rainbow trout from the start of the fermentation to the third month of the seawater culture was 95% (the average weight was 100-150 g). And the same results as those in the above-mentioned examples were obtained. It is concluded that the minimum average weight of 60 ~ 100g is the most preferable when starting salinity of salinity from 12 ‰ to 14 ‰.

Claims (4)

The rainbow trout was grown in a freshwater farm to a size suitable for the appropriate salinity, and then the river estuary of 12 ‰ ~ 25 ‰ (perille) And the cage is transported to the sea (sea water) with the rainbow trout contained therein, and is cultured for 2 months to achieve a survival rate of 93% or more. The method according to claim 1, wherein the average weight of the rainbow trout grown in the freshwater farm is from 150 g to 250 g, the salinity is from 20 ‰ to 25 ‰ in water for 8 days, 31 ‰, moved to the waterside for 3 days, and then moved to the sea (sea water) with the rainbow trout kept in the cage for 2 months, thereby cultivating the rainbow trout.  The method according to claim 1, wherein the average weight of the rainbow trout grown in the freshwater farm is 60-100 g, the salinity is in the range of 12 ‰ to 14 ‰ for 2 months, and the thus- The fish were moved from 25 ‰ to 31 ‰ water for 3 days while they were transported to the sea (seawater) with the rainbow trout in their cages. A method of cultivating rainbow trout using a stream of water characterized by two months of culture. The average weight of rainbow trout was increased to 10 ~ 50g in freshwater farm and then increased to 60 ~ 100g in 10 ~ It is estimated to be 2 ~ 12 months in the salinity range of 12 ‰ ~ 14 ‰, and it is carried out for 8 days at 20 ~ 25 ‰ salinity in the cage, The method of cultivating rainbow trout using high water is characterized in that the salinity is shifted from 25 ‰ to 31 ‰ to 3 days and then the cage is transported to sea (sea water) containing rainbow trout for 2 months.
KR1020130137164A 2013-11-12 2013-11-12 Rainbow trout breeding method using flowing water KR20150055214A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105325339A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-02-17 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 High-yield culture method for eels
CN105393955A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-03-16 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 High-yield culture method for Oreochromismossambicus
CN106172146A (en) * 2016-09-21 2016-12-07 南宁学院 A kind of artificial insemination method of rainbow trout
CN109496922A (en) * 2018-11-14 2019-03-22 中国海洋大学 A kind of producing method for seed of hydrostatic pressing induction rainbow trout tetraploid
CN109874705A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-06-14 贵州大学 A kind of cultural method can effectively improve rainbow trout meat
KR20200012383A (en) 2018-07-27 2020-02-05 어업회사법인 주식회사 바숑 Sea water acclimation and culture method of a trout
KR20200012389A (en) 2018-07-27 2020-02-05 어업회사법인 주식회사 바숑 Apparatus for accommodation to sea water from fresh-water in trout fish
KR20200024475A (en) 2018-08-28 2020-03-09 어업회사법인 주식회사 바숑 The combinated farming way of fish
KR102287183B1 (en) 2021-05-13 2021-08-06 대한민국 Feed compositions for rainbow trout and mothod producing the same
KR102319352B1 (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-10-29 바이오메디팜 어업회사법인 주식회사 Nonhormonal Method for Masculinization of Chum Salmon
KR102331532B1 (en) 2021-04-09 2021-12-01 손중호 Method to decrease mortality rate of trout on acclimation to seawater

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105393955A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-03-16 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 High-yield culture method for Oreochromismossambicus
CN105325339A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-02-17 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 High-yield culture method for eels
CN106172146A (en) * 2016-09-21 2016-12-07 南宁学院 A kind of artificial insemination method of rainbow trout
CN106172146B (en) * 2016-09-21 2019-05-14 南宁学院 A kind of artificial insemination method of rainbow trout
KR20200012389A (en) 2018-07-27 2020-02-05 어업회사법인 주식회사 바숑 Apparatus for accommodation to sea water from fresh-water in trout fish
KR20200012383A (en) 2018-07-27 2020-02-05 어업회사법인 주식회사 바숑 Sea water acclimation and culture method of a trout
KR20200024475A (en) 2018-08-28 2020-03-09 어업회사법인 주식회사 바숑 The combinated farming way of fish
CN109496922A (en) * 2018-11-14 2019-03-22 中国海洋大学 A kind of producing method for seed of hydrostatic pressing induction rainbow trout tetraploid
CN109874705A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-06-14 贵州大学 A kind of cultural method can effectively improve rainbow trout meat
CN109874705B (en) * 2019-01-15 2021-06-04 贵州大学 Breeding method capable of effectively improving rainbow trout meat quality
KR102319352B1 (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-10-29 바이오메디팜 어업회사법인 주식회사 Nonhormonal Method for Masculinization of Chum Salmon
KR102331532B1 (en) 2021-04-09 2021-12-01 손중호 Method to decrease mortality rate of trout on acclimation to seawater
KR102287183B1 (en) 2021-05-13 2021-08-06 대한민국 Feed compositions for rainbow trout and mothod producing the same

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