KR20130019408A - 고온에서 작동하는 장치의 가스켓용 비트로 세라믹 유리 조성물 및 상기 조성물을 이용한 조립방법 - Google Patents
고온에서 작동하는 장치의 가스켓용 비트로 세라믹 유리 조성물 및 상기 조성물을 이용한 조립방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20130019408A KR20130019408A KR1020127028510A KR20127028510A KR20130019408A KR 20130019408 A KR20130019408 A KR 20130019408A KR 1020127028510 A KR1020127028510 A KR 1020127028510A KR 20127028510 A KR20127028510 A KR 20127028510A KR 20130019408 A KR20130019408 A KR 20130019408A
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Classifications
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0036—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and a divalent metal oxide as main constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/066—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C29/00—Joining metals with the aid of glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/068—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing rare earths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/24—Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions, i.e. for use as seals between dissimilar materials, e.g. glass and metal; Glass solders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
- C04B37/025—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of glass or ceramic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0215—Glass; Ceramic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/028—Sealing means characterised by their material
- H01M8/0282—Inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
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Abstract
상기 조성물을 이용하는 적어도 2개의 부품들의 조립 방법.
상기 방법에 의하여 수득된 어셈블리 및 가스켓.
상기 가스켓 또는 상기 어셈블리를 포함하는 고온 전해조(HTE) 또는 고체 산화물 연료 전지(SOFC).
Description
* 도 1은 고온 전해조(HTE)의 단위 전지(elementary cell)의 도식적인 횡단면도이다;
* 도 2는 고온 전해조(HTE)의 단위 반응기 또는 단위 모듈의 도식적인 횡단면도이다;
* 도 3은 단위 모듈들의 스택을 포함하는 통상적인 고온 전해조의 도식적인 횡단면도이다;
* 도 4는 전지와 하부 및 상부 인터커넥터들간의, 누출방지되고 밀봉된 가스켓들, 밀봉재들을 보여주는 기존의 고온 전해조의 단위 모듈의 도식적인 횡단면도이다;
* 도 5는 본 발명에 따른 유리들의 합성을 위한 용융 절차의 예를 제공하는 그래프이다. 시간 t(분)는 가로좌표에, 온도 T(℃)는 세로좌표에 나타내었다;
* 도 6, 7 및 8은 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물로부터 고형의 가스켓을 형성하기 위한 3개의 열처리 절차들의 예들을 제공하는 그래프이다. 더욱 특이적으로, 이들은 슬러리들로부터 제조된 가스켓들을 위치에 고정시키고 결정화하기 위한 3개의 열처리 절차들이다. 시간 t(분)는 가로좌표에, 온도 T(℃)는 세로좌표에 나타내었다;
* 도 9는, 공기 분위기 하에서 850℃에서 50시간 동안 열처리 후, 《CAS-B2》로서 명명된 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물로부터 형성된 가스켓과 Haynes? 230 합금재 기판의 연마 표면 사이의 계면을 주사 전자 현미경(SEM)으로 찍은 사진이다. 도면의 왼쪽 상부의 척도는 10㎛를 나타낸다;
* 도 10은, 공기 분위기 하에서 850℃에서 50시간 동안 열처리 후, 《SCAS-B》로서 명명된 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물로부터 형성된 가스켓과 F18TNb? 합금재 기판의 연마 표면 사이의 계면을 주사 전자 현미경(SEM)으로 찍은 사진이다. 도면의 왼쪽 상부의 척도는 10㎛를 나타낸다;
* 도 11은, 공기 분위기 하에서 850℃에서 50시간 동안 열처리 후, 《SCAS-Cr2》로서 명명된 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물로부터 형성된 가스켓과 Crofer?로 제조된 기판의 연마 표면 사이의 계면을 주사 전자 현미경(SEM)으로 찍은 사진이다. 도면의 왼쪽 상부의 척도는 10㎛를 나타낸다;
* 도 12는, 공기 분위기 하에서 850℃에서 720시간 동안 열처리 후, 《CAS-B2》로서 명명된 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물로부터 형성된 가스켓과 Crofer?재 기판의 연마 표면 사이의 계면을 주사 전자 현미경(SEM)으로 찍은 사진이다. 도면의 왼쪽 상부의 척도는 10㎛를 나타낸다;
* 도 13은, 공기 분위기 하에서 850℃에서 50시간 동안 열처리 후, 《CAS》로서 명명된 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물로부터 형성된 가스켓과 YSZ로 제조된 기판의 연마 표면 사이의 계면을 주사 전자 현미경(SEM)으로 찍은 사진이다. 도면의 왼쪽 상부의 척도는 50㎛를 나타낸다;
* 도 14는, 공기 분위기 하에서 850℃에서 50시간 동안 열처리 후, 《CAS》로서 명명된 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물로부터 형성된 가스켓과 Macor?로 제조된 기판의 표면 사이의 계면을 주사 전자 현미경(SEM)으로 찍은 사진이다. 도면의 왼쪽 상부의 척도는 5㎛를 나타낸다;
* 도 15는, 공기 분위기 하에서 950℃에서 50시간 동안 열처리 후, 《LAS》로서 명명된 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물로부터 형성된 가스켓과 YSZ 합금으로 제조된 기판의 표면 사이의 계면을 주사 전자 현미경(SEM)으로 찍은 사진이다. 도면의 왼쪽 상부의 척도는 1000㎛를 나타낸다;
* 도 16은, 공기 분위기 하에서 950℃에서 50시간 동안 열처리 후, 《LAS》로서 명명된 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물로부터 형성된 가스켓과 YSZ 합금으로 제조된 기판의 표면 사이의 계면을 주사 전자 현미경(SEM)으로 찍은 사진이다. 도면의 왼쪽 상부의 척도는 50㎛를 나타낸다;
* 도 17은, 로딩 및 열처리 전, 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물들로 제조된 가스켓을 이용한 밀봉 시험들을 실시하기 위한 가압 어셈블리의 도식적인 횡단면도이다;
* 도 18은, 로딩 및 열처리 후, 본 발명에 따른 유리 조성물들로 제조된 가스켓을 이용한 밀봉 시험들을 실시하기 위한 가압 어셈블리의 도식적인 횡단면도이다;
* 도 19는, 실시예 3에서 80mbars, 100mbars, 150mbars에서 실시된, 비트로세라믹들의 밀봉 시험들 동안 실시된 압력 강하 측정을 나타내는 그래프이다. 시간(분)은 가로좌표에, 온도(왼쪽에 ℃로 표시) 및 압력(오른쪽에 bars(바)로 표시)은 세로좌표에 표시하였다. 곡선 A는 지르코니아/금속 계면에서의 압력(bars)을 나타내고, 곡선 B는 금속/금속 계면에서의 압력(bars)을 나타내고, 선 C 및 D는 각각 어셈블리 온도(℃) 및 실온(℃)을 나타낸다.
Claims (21)
- 다음으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 비트로세라믹 유리 조성물:
ㆍ몰%로, 하기로 이루어지는 유리 조성물(A):
- 36%~43%의 SiO2, 바람직하게는 36%~42%의 SiO2;
- 9%~13%의 Al2O3, 바람직하게는 9%~12%의 Al2O3;
- 38%~50%의 CaO; 및
선택적으로, 몰%로, 하기 산화물들로부터 선택되는 하나 또는 몇몇 산화물(들):
- 4%~5%의 ZnO;
- 2%~9%의 MnO2;
- 2%~6%의 B2O3;
- 0.1%~1%의 Cr2O3, 바람직하게는 0.4%~1%의 Cr2O3;
- 0.1%~4%의 TiO2, 바람직하게는 2%~4%의 TiO2;
ㆍ몰%로, 하기로 이루어지는 유리 조성물 (B):
- 43%~48%의 SiO2;
- 4%~5%의 Al2O3;
- 8%~10%의 CaO;
- 34%~39%의 SrO; 및
선택적으로, 몰%로, 하기 산화물들로부터 선택되는 하나 또는 몇몇 산화물(들):
- 4%~5%의 ZnO;
- 2%~9%의 MnO2;
- 2%~5%의 B2O3;
- 0.1%~1%의 Cr2O3;
ㆍ몰%로, 하기로 이루어지는 유리 조성물 (C):
- 61%~65%의 SiO2;
- 14%~15%의 Al2O3;
- 18%~20%의 La2O3; 및
선택적으로, 몰%로, 하기 산화물들로부터 선택되는 하나 또는 몇몇 산화물(들):
- 4%~5%의 ZnO;
- 4%~5%의 MnO2;
- 2%~3%의 B2O3;
- 4%~5%의 CaO;
- 0.1%~1%의 Cr2O3. - 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 유리 조성물은 그의 합성 종료 시 및 임의의 열처리 전에는 무정형 유리질 상만으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 유리 조성물.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 유리 조성물은, 이를 600℃ 내지 1000℃, 특히 700℃ 내지 950℃, 예로서 800℃ 내지 900℃, 더욱 특이적으로 800℃ 내지 850℃의 온도 안정기에서 1시간 초과, 바람직하게는 50시간 내지 720시간, 더욱 바람직하게는 50시간 내지 100시간 동안 유지한 후, 50중량% 초과 및 바람직하게는 100중량%의 결정상을 포함하고, 상기 온도 안정기는 0.5℃/분 내지 3℃/분의 속도에서 하나 또는 몇몇의 온도의 상승 경사(ramps)를 관찰하므로써 도달되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유리 조성물.
- 제 1항 내지 제 6항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 유리 조성물은 분말 형태인 것을 특징으로 하는 유리 조성물.
- 하기 연속된 단계들이 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 적어도 2 개의 부품들을 조립하는 방법:
a) 상기 부품들을 제 1항 내지 제 7항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 유리 조성물과 접촉시키는 단계;
b) 부품들 사이에 가스켓을 형성하기 위하여, 선택적으로 하나 또는 몇몇의 온도 안정기(들)에 의해 분리 또는 중단된, 하나의 온도 경사 또는 몇몇의 온도 경사들을 관찰하면서, 상기 부품들 및 상기 유리 조성물에 의해 형성된 어셈블리를 0.5℃/분 내지 3℃/분의 가열 속도로, 상기 유리 조성물을 연화시키기에 충분한 온도 T1까지 가열하고; 그 후 상기 어셈블리를, 유리 조성물이 고체화되어 50중량% 초과, 바람직하게는 100중량%의 결정상을 포함하도록, T1 이하의 충분한 온도 T2에서 충분한 기간 동안 유지하는 단계;
c) 상기 부품들 및 상기 가스켓에 의하여 형성된 어셈블리를 실온 또는 작업 온도로 냉각시키는 단계. - 제 8항에 있어서, 상기 부품들 및 상기 유리 조성물에 의해 형성된 어셈블리는 600℃ 내지 1,000℃, 특히 700℃ 내지 950℃, 예로서 800℃ 내지 900℃, 더욱 특이적으로 800℃ 내지 850℃의 온도 T2에서의 안정기에서, 1시간, 바람직하게는 50시간 내지 720시간, 더욱 바람직하게는 50시간 내지 100시간의 기간 동안 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 8항 또는 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 부품을 상기 유리 조성물과 접촉시키는 단계는, 바람직하게는 그레인 크기가 20㎛ 미만인 유리 조성물 분말을 형성하고, 페이스트를 얻기 위하여 상기 분말을 유기 결합제 중에 현탁시키고, 조립될 부품들의 적어도 한 표면을 상기 수득된 페이스트로 코팅하므로써 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 10항에 있어서, T1의 온도에 도달하기 전에, 유기 결합제가 제거되기에 충분한 기간 동안, 충분한 온도 T3에서 안정기가 관찰되며, 예로서 상기 안정기는 300~500℃, 예로서 400℃의 온도 T3에서, 60분 내지 180분, 예로서 240분의 기간 동안 관찰되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서, 단계 b) 동안 하기 절차들을 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법:
실온으로부터 0.5℃/분으로 온도를 상승, 400℃에서 안정기 120분, 400℃로부터 3℃/분으로 온도를 상승, 800℃~950℃에서 50시간 내지 120시간 동안 안정기, 온도를 3℃/분의 속도로 실온 또는 작업 온도까지 냉각. - 제 8항 또는 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 부품들을 상기 유리 조성물과 접촉시키는 단계는 형성될 가스켓의 형태를 갖는 유리 부품을 제조한 후, 이 부품을 조립될 부품들의 표면들 사이에 배치시키므로써 실시되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 13항에 있어서, 상기 유리 부품은, 상기 유리 조성물 분말을 유리 부품 형태에 맞는 몰드 내에 채워넣은 후 소결하여 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 13항에 있어서, 상기 유리 부품은, 용융된 유리 조성물을 유리 부품 형태에 맞는 몰드 내에 직접 캐스팅하여 제조되는 고형의 큰 유리 블록인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 8항 내지 제 15항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 조립될 부품들은 금속, 금속 합금; 세라믹; 및 상기 언급된 물질들 중 몇몇을 포함하는 복합 물질들로부터 선택되는 물질로 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 8항 내지 제 16항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 조립될 상기 적어도 2개의 부품들은 상이한 물질들로 제조된 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 8항 내지 제 17항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 조립될 상기 적어도 2 개의 부품들은 고온 전해조《HTE》 또는 고온 연료전지《SOFC》의 부품들인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 8항 내지 제 18항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 방법에 의해 수득된 가스켓.
- 제 8항 내지 제 18항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 방법에 의해 수득된 어셈블리.
- 제 19항에 따른 가스켓 또는 제 20항에 따른 어셈블리를 포함하는 고온 전해조 또는 고온 연료전지.
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FR1052467A FR2958283B1 (fr) | 2010-04-01 | 2010-04-01 | Compositions de verres vitroceramiques pour joints d'appareils fonctionnant a de hautes temperatures et procede d'assemblage les utilisant. |
FR1052467 | 2010-04-01 | ||
PCT/EP2011/055057 WO2011121095A2 (fr) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-03-31 | Compositions de verres vitroceramiques pour joints d'appareils fonctionnant a de hautes temperatures et procede d'assemblage les utilisant |
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