KR20030095441A - Solid state fermenter of mushroom or microorganism, coupled asceptic packing mechanism and fermentation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A solid state fermenter of mushrooms or microorganisms, coupled with aseptic packing machine and a fermentation method thereof are provided, thereby accomplishing sterilization, aseptic inoculation and discharge, and aseptic cultivation of mushrooms or microorganisms. CONSTITUTION: A solid state fermenter(10) of mushrooms or microorganisms, coupled with aseptic packing machine comprises an agitation member(62) rotated by a motor(60) within the fermenter(10); a steam and air supplying portion for sterilization; upper and lower aseptic chambers(22)(85); a seed inoculating tool(25) and a medium discharging tool being installed in the upper and lower aseptic chambers(22)(85); a sterilized air distributing pipe(50) longitudinally positioned under the fermenter(10); and an automatic packing machine(90) under the lower aseptic chamber(85).

Description

Mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter and fermentation method connected with sterile automatic packaging machine {SOLID STATE FERMENTER OF MUSHROOM OR MICROORGANISM, COUPLED ASCEPTIC PACKING MECHANISM AND FERMENTATION METHOD}

The present invention relates to a fermenter and fermentation method of mushroom spawn or microorganism using a solid or semi-solid material, more specifically, it is possible to completely sterilize by stirring and autoclaving in the fermenter, inoculation and discharge ports are installed in a clean room It is possible to inoculate and discharge aseptically, and evenly sterilized air can be purely cultured without contamination, and it is about mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter and fermentation method connected with sterile automatic packaging machine.

Recently, the production and consumption of mushrooms have been increasing very much and is recognized as a functional health food, a favorite food having a pharmacological effect. As for the production method, it was recognized as a farmer's side job, and it is gradually becoming larger and specialized. Compared to this trend, there is much room for improvement in process, control, and productivity in some fields, which are mostly dependent on manpower or mechanized.

The general mushroom cultivation process is clearly divided into two stages, cultivation and growth. In cultivation of oyster mushrooms, the cultivation process takes about 25 days, and in some cases, the failure rate is almost 50%. Contamination in the culture process or lowering of mycelial activity reduces yields in the lungs and growth process, and thus, in the case of repeated failures in this process, it often leads to actual farming. The main reason is that the process during the production of the medium is not uniform and the production of homogeneous and faithful medium and sufficient sterilization in light of the current conditions of farmhouses, etc. Culture is not always possible.

In the process of mushroom growth, the yield after 1 and 2 cycles is gradually reduced, and the damage caused by browning disease, fungus, hypocrea and mushroom fly is frequently caused by accumulated pests. In addition, all processes from management to harvesting, packing, and shipping are carried out by manpower, and it is more difficult to scale up because the yield and quality are not evenly maintained. On the other hand, in case of mushrooms such as zelkova, shiitake, mushrooms, etc., large-scale damage cases have been recently published, and countermeasures are urgently needed.

In the case of bottled mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms and beetles, the failure rate in the process of incubation and inoculation and incubation has a large weight in the whole operation. In addition, mycelial accumulation in culture is an important factor in determining mushroom quality and yield during the next stage of mushroom harvesting.

In the case of the conventional mushroom spawn preparation or bottle mushroom medium production, the following process is carried out.

1) Adjust and mix the medium moisture using a mixer

2) Bottle and stopper using bottle feeder, bottle and bottle cap

3) Loaded in the bogie and loaded into autoclave

4) steam sterilization

5) After sterilization, move to sterile cooling chamber and use cooler

6) Inoculate prepared sawdust spawn using automatic inoculator in clean room

7) Transfer to culture chamber

In this process, the above-mentioned various machines and equipments, sterilization trolleys, culture trolleys, etc. are required in large quantities, and the manpower connecting each machine element is consumed. In addition, there were many concerns about the production of the medium and the spawn contamination. In addition, the failure rate caused by poor media and spawn contamination was high. The failure rate ranged from 40% to as low as 5%. Recently, the failure rate of large farms was very small.

However, this method also puts 16 bottles per box in the case of automatic bottle feeding and puts the mixed ingredients into bottles of moisture-controlled bottles. Passing the media may cause the media to break (corrupt) and become unusable. This is due to anaerobic fermentation by microorganisms present in the medium.

In addition, since the material in the mixer is bottled, the box containing the bottle is loaded into the sterilizer and sterilized, so that the volume of the sterilizer is not used to the maximum, and the bottled medium is indirectly sterilized, so that the temperature is delayed. In the sterilizer, the temperature distribution in the sterilizer was inconsistent due to insufficient sterilization, and the bottle cap was contaminated by the pressure difference during the opening of the sterilizer.

In order to cool the bottle from the sterilizer, natural cooling or cooling through the air conditioner must take place, which naturally takes a long time or high cooling load, and there is a high risk of contamination due to the influence of condensate inside the bottle. . After the sterilized medium is taken out of the sterilizer and cooled, the inoculation using the inoculator should be performed by a person entering the clean room directly so that the size of the clean room should be large, resulting in high facility costs and high probability of contamination by human contact. .

Inoculation using the automatic inoculator also inoculates the surface through the inner top of the bottle or through a hole, and the growth rate is slow because the mycelium gradually grows downward or deep. Since the incubation is carried out in the incubation state in which the temperature is kept constant, the incubation period takes about 20-25 days, and thus, the size of the incubation chamber that can be loaded during this period is large. During this process, factors such as oxygen demand, temperature, and moisture fluctuate frequently, resulting in weakening of bacteria and generation of contamination. After cultivation, it is used as a spawn or medium by visual inspection to determine the growth and contamination of bacteria, and in this process, the bacteria contaminated by unidentified or miscalculated may be supplied. In the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 1998-0066513 (name: Oyster mushroom spawn inoculation medium maker) to improve this point, the raw material is introduced into the cylindrical medium production machine through a conveyor, the water content is adjusted by stirring and acquisition, and then 100 After sterilization at 4 ° C. for 4 hours, the mixture was cooled by spraying sterile cooled air, inoculated and mixed with spawn, and then discharged.

However, since such a conventional apparatus is sterilized for a long time at low temperature, the sterilization function is insufficient, the cooling function is insufficient, so the cooling rate is slow and the aseptic inoculation is not likely to cause contamination during inoculation, and the fermentation proceeds in the fermenter. While there was no internal temperature control function and no sampling function, fermentation status could not be identified and improved.

The present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, the purpose is to shorten the cultivation period, increase the medium yield, increase the cell weight, ensure the homogeneity of the product in the process, secure the reproducibility of production, pure culture, shrinking the culture space To provide a mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter and fermentation method connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine that can achieve such.

In addition, the present invention can achieve rapid and pollution-free packaging and productization, reduction of labor required, drastically reduced work space and loading space, as well as installation and maintenance costs, after cultivation is completed, aseptic discharge and automatic packaging. The present invention provides a mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter and fermentation method connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine.

In addition, the present invention is the input of raw materials, control of water content, fermentation tank to efficiently ferment and package mushroom spawn and microorganisms using solid materials that are not soluble in water, such as sawdust or cotton, rice bran, grain, etc., which is not a general liquid state Sterilization and cooling in the interior, aseptic inoculation of spawn, control and maintenance of temperature, agitation, dispersed aeration of sterile air, incorporation of auxiliary materials during incubation, collection of samples over time and optimization of fermentation, culture The present invention provides a mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter and fermentation method connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine capable of discharging and aseptic automatic packaging.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine according to the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a three-ply structure of a fermenter equipped with a mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

5 ..... Conveyor 10 ..... Fermenter

14 .... Raw material inlet 16 ..... outlet

20 .... spawn inoculation section 22 ..... spawn fermenter

26 .... Aseptic chamber 28 ..... Fan filter unit

30 .... Solution supply 32a .... NaOH solution supply

32b .... glucose solution feeder 40 .... steam and air supply

42 .... boiler 45 .... compressor

47 .... pressure tank 50 .... dispersion pipe

53 .... Dryer 55 .... Sterilization Filter

57 .. Air regulator 59 .... Humidifier

60 ... motor 62 ... stirring member

64a ... no 64b ... ribbon

66 .... Shaft 70 .... Chain

71 .... Mechanical seal 75 ..... Fermenter heating part

77 .... hot water tank 79 ..... circulation pump

85 .... lower clean room 87 .... fan filter unit

90 ... Automatic Packing Machine 100 ... Conveyor

102 ... sample opening 105 ... curtain

200 ... Controller

The present invention to achieve the above object,

A solid mushroom spawn fermenter or microbial fermenter for fermenting mushroom spawn or microorganisms using a solid or semi-solid material, the hollow fermenter includes a stirring member rotated by a motor to stir raw materials during sterilization and fermentation; The fermentation tank is connected to the steam and air supply unit is a high pressure steam is introduced to enable complete sterilization of the raw material by steam sterilization; Upper and lower sterile chambers are disposed above and below the fermentation tank, respectively, and the sterile inoculation port and the medium discharge port are installed in the upper and lower sterile chambers to allow aseptic inoculation and discharge; The lower part of the fermenter is equipped with a dispersion tube for evenly injecting the sterilized air in the longitudinal direction of the fermenter is capable of pure culture without contamination of the medium; The lower sterile chamber is arranged by an automatic packaging machine is arranged to provide a mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to the sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that the packaging can be aseptic.

And, in the fermentation method of the fermentation of mushroom spawn or microorganism using a solid or semi-solid material,

Transporting the raw materials through the conveyor to feed the raw materials into the fermenter through the raw material inlet; Injecting a suitable amount of water into the fermenter through a dispersion tube, stirring and so as to obtain the appropriate moisture while going through a process of sterilization and softening; Stirring after the sterilization and cooling the internal temperature to approximately 20-30 ° C. by passing cooling water through the jacket of the fermenter; In the case of the solid spawn, inoculating the inoculator prepared in advance in powder, aseptically open, in the case of the liquid spawn is connected to the fermenter or inoculated with flame sterilization inlet; After the inoculation is performed, stirring is continued and the sterile air is introduced through the dispersion tube, and hot water or cold water is passed through the jacket to maintain the temperature at the optimum temperature for the growth of the bacteria; Taking a sample over time in the process of culturing and putting sterilization into the sample collecting port so as to cultivate aseptically, sterilizing first, and then sterilizing the sample again; By opening the outlet after the cultivation is completed, the step of packaging through the sterile automatic packaging machine while continuing to discharge the culture is completed cultured by the aseptic automatic packaging machine characterized in that it comprises a mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermentation method All.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

The mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter 1 connected to the sterile automatic packaging machine according to the present invention has a fermentation tank 10 composed of a cylindrical tank, as shown in FIG. 1, and a raw material inlet at an upper side of the fermentation tank 10. 14 is located, and has a structure in which the discharge port 16 is formed on the lower side.

In addition, the spawn seed inoculation part 20 is disposed at an upper side of the fermentation tank 10, and the spawn seed inoculation part 20 includes a spawn fermenter 22 for injecting the spawn of the liquid phase, and the spawn in the solid phase is provided. It is provided with a sterile chamber 26 for feeding into the fermentation tank 10. The spawn fermenter 22 includes a motor 24 and a stirring blade 24a to stir the spawn inside.

In addition, the upper sterile chamber 26 is provided with a fan filter unit 28 on one side to draw the outside atmosphere into the interior aseptically. To this end, the fan filter unit 28 has a HEPA filter (not shown) therein, and is equipped with a fan 28a to introduce external air therethrough so that the interior of the upper clean room 26 is somewhat higher in pressure than the outside air. Maintains a sterile state, and is equipped with a spawn inlet 25 for injecting the solid spawn to the fermentation tank 10 side.

And, one side of the spawn inoculation unit 20 is provided with a solution supply unit 30 for adding nutrients to the raw material, the solution supply unit 30, for example HCl, NaOH, pH adjusting solution supplier ( 32a), and nutrient solution feeder 32b, such as glucose, etc. are provided.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 3, the fermentation tank 10 has a triple multi-barrier structure, an inner wall 12a constituting a tank of the fermentation tank 10 at the innermost side, and a coolant jacket 12b at the outside thereof. The intermediate wall 12c for constituting the jacket 12b and an insulating layer 12d such as glass-wool are formed on the outside of the intermediate wall 12c. It has a structure provided with the outer wall (12e) for wrapping and protecting the 12d). Such fermentation tank 10 is the coolant is introduced into the coolant jacket 12b through the coolant inlet pipe (11a), the coolant is discharged through the discharge pipe (11b), the temperature is quickly lowered.

In addition, one side of the fermentation tank 10, the steam and air supply unit 40 for providing steam or air in the fermentation tank 10 is located, the steam and air supply unit 40 to produce steam A boiler 42 is provided, and a compressor 45 and a pressure tank 47 for supplying air at a constant pressure are provided, and the steam supply pipe 42a and the air pressure tank 47 of the boiler 42 are provided. The air supply pipes 47a are connected to one common pipe 49 so that steam and air are supplied into the fermentation tank through the dispersion pipe 50 inside the fermentation tank as needed.

In addition, the air supply pipe 47a is provided with a dryer 53 for removing moisture from the air, and the common pipe 49 has a filter (not shown) from the far side of the fermentation tank 10, respectively. One bactericidal filter 55, an air flow regulator 57, a humidifier 59, and the like are provided to operate as needed during operation of the fermentation tank 10.

On the other hand, the inside of the fermentation tank 10, the stirring member 62 for stirring the raw materials to the center is rotated continuously by the motor 60, the stirring member 62 is a furnace 64a having a straight cross section And a plurality of ribbons 64b having a curved cross section are mounted on one shaft 66 and rotated together with the shaft 66 to stir the raw materials contained in the fermenter 10.

In addition, the outer side of the fermentation tank 10 is provided with a motor 60 for imparting a rotational force to the stirring member 62, the rotating shaft 60a of the motor 60 is a plurality of sprockets (68a, 68b) And the shaft 66 of the stirring member 62 through the chain (70). In addition, a portion of the shaft 66 penetrating the fermentation tank 10 is equipped with a mechanical seal 70 resistant to high pressure so that there is no fluid leakage through the coupling portion with smooth rotation.

And, one side of the fermentation tank 10 is provided with a fermentation tank heating unit 75 for supplying hot water to the cooling water jacket 12b to increase the temperature of the fermentation tank 10, the fermentation tank heating unit 75 Is provided with a hot water tank 77 with a heater 77a therein, the hot water pipe (79a) is configured to communicate with the jacket 12b space of the fermentation tank 10 through the circulation pump (79).

In addition, the outlet 16 for discharging the seed spawn produced from the fermentation tank 10 is disposed in the aseptic chamber 85 on the lower side of the fermentation tank 10 in order to be discharged and packaged shipment in a sterile state. The lower sterile chamber 85 is provided with a fan filter unit 87 on one side to draw the outside atmosphere into the sterile state. To this end, the fan filter unit 87 has a hepa filter (not shown) therein and includes a fan 87a to introduce external air therethrough so that the interior of the lower aseptic chamber 85 has a somewhat higher pressure than the outside air. It is to maintain sterility.

In addition, the packaging machine 90 mounted on the lower aseptic chamber 85 may be aseptically packaged to produce a medium dropping through the outlet 16 located in the aseptic chamber 85 after the culture is completed in the fermentation tank 10. As the automatic packaging machine 90, the vinyl 94 is released from the rounded bundle of plastics 92, and the both sides and the bottom of the vinyl are adhered to each other, and then a predetermined amount of the cultured medium is added, and the upper end of the package Adhesive to have a structure to discharge through the conveyor (100).

In addition, the lower aseptic chamber 85 is equipped with a sampling port 102 for aseptically collecting samples from the fermentation tank 10 in a pipe form, and a valve 102a is provided at the sampling port 102. Equipped. In addition, the exit 105 of the lower sterile chamber 85 is equipped with a curtain 105 which allows the outside air of the sterile state introduced into the lower sterile chamber 85 to be stagnated for a predetermined period of time, and is thus contained in the box 107. The moving medium is to be discharged through the conveyor (100).

Reference numeral 110 is a safety valve, 112 is an exhaust pipe, (V) is a valve, a thermometer, a pressure gauge, and the like, and 200 is a controller for automatically controlling the present invention.

The mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter 1 connected to the sterile automatic packaging machine of the present invention configured as described above performs the fermentation of the mushroom spawn or microorganism through the following steps.

First, the raw materials are conveyed to the fermentation tank 10 through the conveyor 5 to inject the raw materials through the raw material inlet 14.

Then, the raw material inlet 14 is closed, the boiler 42 is operated to inject steam through the dispersion pipe 50 into the fermentation tank 10 through the dispersion pipe 50, and operate the motor 60. When the stirring member 62 is rotated, it is heated while stirring until the internal temperature becomes approximately 90 ° C. When the temperature inside the fermentation tank reaches approximately 90-110 ° C., the exhaust pipe 112 is closed after sufficient exhaustion. When the temperature reaches approximately 100-130 ° C., the raw material becomes appropriate moisture and sterilizes while maintaining this temperature. Steps through the process of softening occur.

When the sterilization is completed, the cooling water is passed through the jacket 12b of the fermenter 10 to cool the internal temperature to approximately 20-30 ° C.

On the other hand, in the case of the seedlings introduced into the fermentation tank 10 is a solid seed spawn, the inoculation port 25 is opened, and the seedling seed powder is inoculated into the fermentation tank 10 aseptically. Then, in the case of the liquid spawn is a step of opening the valve of the inlet tube 22a from the fermenter 22 for inoculation and put into the fermentation tank 10 through the transfer tube.

In this way, after the inoculation is carried out, the stirring is continued and the germs are rapidly grown by introducing sterile air from the air tank 47 through the dispersion pipe 50 at the lower part of the fermentation tank. Here, the dispersion pipe 50 is made of a long tube extending in the longitudinal direction of the fermentation tank 10, since the upper side is formed with a plurality of dispersion holes (50a), the air uniformly inside the fermentation tank 10 Can be introduced into.

In this process, hot water or cold water is passed through the jacket 12b of the fermentation tank 10 to maintain the temperature at the optimum temperature for the growth of bacteria.

On the other hand, in the course of the cultivation as described above, the sample is taken over time aseptically, which is put into the first sampling chamber 102 disposed in the lower aseptic chamber 85 to sterilize first, by opening the valve 102a The sample is taken and then sterilized again. Here, the sampling time interval is performed at a constant time such as, for example, 3 hours, 6 hours intervals and its physicochemical properties are measured and analyzed in the laboratory.

Cell growth analysis in the sample thus obtained is compared with the naked eye, and is performed by a method such as measurement of glucosamine, ATP, or the like, which is a biochemical analysis method of the components of the cell wall. The pH is measured by measuring a predetermined amount of sample in distilled or physiological saline suspended in a certain amount of sample with a pH meter. In the case of measuring carbon dioxide, a separate measuring device (not shown) is attached to the air outlet 112 located at the upper side of the fermentation tank 10 to measure the measurement.

In addition, the analysis of residual nutrients and the measurement of the metabolites produced are carried out according to the respective measurement method. Based on these data, graphs of bacterial growth, metabolites, residual nutrients, and pH are drawn. As a result of grasping through the various data measured as described above, when insufficient nutrients are detected, it supplements the necessary nutrients into the fermentation tank 10 through the solution supply unit 30, and the stirring speed, aeration amount, pH, concentration of nutrient source, The step of adjusting the amount of inoculation through the fermentation process is made. In this way, if the optimum culture conditions are established, reproducibility is secured, and the same quality can be obtained by culturing under the same conditions.

Then, after the culture is completed in this way, by opening the outlet 16 located in the lower sterile chamber 85 to continuously discharge the culture is completed, aseptic packaging using the automatic packaging machine 90. In this way, the packaging is completed, the product is loaded into the box is made to move through the conveyor 100, the case of mushrooms to move to the growth room to harvest the mushrooms, in the case of other microbial preparations are supplied to the consumer.

In this way, the present invention is a solid-state fermentation of mushroom spawn or microorganism in the fermentation tank (10) with a pressure-resistant structure to enable high-pressure sterilization of the medium using a high temperature steam, and sterilization at a pressure of approximately 1-2Kg / cm ² It is.

In addition, a mechanical seal (70) resistant to high pressure is used for the connecting portion of the shaft (66) on which the stirring member (62) is mounted and the fermentation tank (10). (25), the discharge port 16, and the sample collection port 102, etc. are made of a hatch-type door or valve opening / closing type to withstand high pressure, and a safety valve 110 is mounted on the upper part to discharge excessive vapor pressure in the fermentation tank 10. Doing.

Therefore, according to the present invention than the conventional sterilization method that requires a sterilization time of 4 hours or more at 100 ° C, complete sterilization is possible in a short time of about 60-90 minutes at 120-130 ° C.

In the present invention, a coolant jacket 12b is provided outside the fermentation tank 10, and after sterilization at high temperature and high pressure, a large amount of coolant is passed through it and stirred while cooling to about 30 ° C. Rapid temperature drop is possible.

In addition, even when inoculating the solid spawn seed spawn inlet 25 is located in the sterile chamber 26 to inoculate the microorganism and mushroom inoculation source, aseptic inoculation is possible. In the case of the liquid spawn can be more safely inoculated through the inlet tube 22a connected to the fermenter 22 for inoculation.

In addition, the common pipe 49 of the steam and air supply unit 40 is provided with a disinfection filter 55, an air flow regulator 57, a humidifier 59, etc., each having a built-in filter, through a dispersion pipe 50. Aseptic air can be supplied, and aseptic dispersion of air can be supplied, resulting in pure culture without contamination. At the same time, the stirring member 62 is provided with a plurality of straight furnaces 64a and a plurality of ribbons 64b. The stirring member 62 functions to uniformly stir and control the temperature of the jacket 12b through the stirring member 62. It is provided with a quick and even fermentation in the fermentation tank 10.

The moisture control during the fermentation process can be partially controlled through the humidification of the air vented from the humidifier 59 provided in the common pipe.

In addition, the sample collection port 102 is installed to collect the sample according to the incubation time, and measure the cell mass, medium utilization rate, pH, amount of other active ingredients, etc. to adjust the fermentation factors such as medium composition and aeration amount, pH, etc. It is.

In addition, since all of the above operations are made aseptically from humans, there is little concern about contamination. The discharged medium is finally loaded into a box by a person and transported to a grower to harvest mushrooms. In addition, after leaving some without culturing the culture medium, the sterilized material is added to another incubation is possible in a quick time without the seed inoculation.

Experimental Example

Example of inoculating the mushroom spawn using the mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter (1) connected to the sterile automatic packaging machine according to the present invention, the examples are as follows. The fermenter 1 used here was one in which the fermenter 10 had a size of 15 m ³ in total capacity.

Semi-automatic work for 20-40 minutes

Stirring continued manager, automatic

Steam input warm-up time 30-60 minutes manager, automatic

Sterilization time 60-90 minutes manager, automatic

Cooling 30-90 minutes manager, automatic

Inoculation 10-20 minutes Manager, one person

Incubation 5-10 days Supervisor, 1 person

30-180 minutes packing

60-180 minutes load on trolley

Inoculated Mushroom Badges 5000kg

As described above, the effect obtained by the present invention is as follows.

First, raw material input and moisture control is very easy.

In the solid phase fermentation of common mushroom spawn, the contamination of bacteria is relatively low because of the low water activity of the medium. In some cases, this phenomenon is exacerbated by the water produced by the metabolites in the culture.

However, when all the fermentation process is made in the fermentation tank 10, the correct amount of water can be added in the process of moisture control before sterilization, the amount of aeration and humidification of the air being aerated during the process of fermentation, at the air outlet 112 It is not only possible to appropriately adjust the control function such as the prevention of evaporation of internal moisture by the cooling water, but also the water generated during the fermentation process is always distributed and used evenly, so that the above-described problems occurring after packaging are hardly eliminated.

Second, pure culture is possible.

Another problem of solid phase fermentation is the problem caused by poor water control, improper sterilization, use of contaminated inoculum, or contamination during inoculation, which can lead to contamination of the fungus and mold poisons such as mycotoxin and aflatoxin. What is present is a big problem. In addition, deterioration of the medium due to bacterial contamination and the development of crab disease, the appearance of malformed mushrooms due to viral infection, and the mass growth of mushroom flies due to the necrosis of the medium and the mycelium may occur due to moisture control, sterilization and failure of inoculation. The production of these spawns or media is a factor that can be a major blow to farmers producing mushrooms.

However, in the present invention, since the stirring is continuously performed during the moisture control process and the sterilization process, evenly transfer of water and steam is achieved to achieve complete sterilization. In addition, it is possible to quickly determine whether the microorganisms are contaminated by sampling over time in the fermentation process.

Third, in the present invention, space, facilities, and manpower can be reduced.

The present invention fills most of the medium in the space in the fermenter 1 and sterilizes, cools, inoculates, and incubates, so that the work space and mixer for water control and the sterilization chamber and cooling in the existing spawn production or bottle mushroom cultivation. Since the room, inoculator, culture room, etc. do not need to be configured separately, the effect of cost reduction is very large. What's more, the manpower to transport and manage each of the mechanical components is greatly reduced, making it possible to do all the work with very few skilled personnel.

Fourth, process automation, data conversion, and optimization are possible.

In the present invention, the water input amount, steam input time, sterilization time, temperature of sterilization process, internal pressure, cooling time, fermentation raw material, pH of fermentation medium, cell growth degree, availability of nutrient source in the space inside fermenter 1 Accumulation of specific metabolites such as enzymes, beta glucans, moisture content and aeration of input air, concentrations of carbon dioxide emitted, and all manipulations can be automatically recorded as accurate numerical data. Accumulation of this fermentation data allows for more biological knowledge.

In addition, since the proper aeration, stirring, and temperature control of sterile air are automatically performed in the incubation process after the inoculation, the spawn grows rapidly under optimal and homogeneous conditions, and the growth of bacteria and the measurement of metabolites, microbial growth, and the amount of enzymes are produced. It is possible to control fermentation to increase fermentation efficiency because it is controlled through measurement through timely sampling such as the availability of nutrients.

As a result, fermentation control results in shortening of the cultivation period, increasing the concentration of bacteria, increasing the utilization of media components, inhibiting abnormal fermentation, and increasing the content of active ingredients through the control of nutrients and improvement of operating conditions. It is possible to greatly reduce costs by increasing the cost and to always produce high quality and functional products under the same conditions.

Fifth, the present invention is capable of aseptic automatic packaging.

Conventionally, the method of aseptic automatic packaging has not been established, but a lot of manpower and clean room space are required for packaging, which is a simple repetitive operation, but there is a high possibility of contamination such as falling bacteria or human contact. However, if the aseptic automatic packing machine 90 is directly connected to the discharge port 16 and packaged, the discharge and packaging lines are installed aseptically, and only the final discharged package is loaded and transported, so that most pollutant opportunities of spawn are blocked. It works.

Sixth, the present invention can achieve a variety of cost reduction and packaging method of the packaging container.

The present invention does not require the use of air filter paper for packaging of some of the cultured product, it is possible to save money, in the case of the spawn used to cut the bottle is difficult to recover and recycle the bottle shell discarded packaging container The use of vinyl reduces waste and makes recovery and recycling easier. As in the case of bottled mushrooms, even after re-use and cleaning after use, the cost can be greatly reduced in consideration of the cost of facilities and labor for de-cleaning and cleaning. If the automatic packing machine 90 has various kinds, it can also be used for boxes, pots, trays, and the like.

Seventh, the present invention can be used in other fields.

The present invention is the production of enzymes, the production of biofuels, lactic acid bacteria, pigments, antibiotics such as gibberellin, penicillin, detracycline, suctin, which is a plant growth promoting hormone, fermented foods such as natdo, tempe, koji, cell protein, etc. Specific microorganisms by completely sterilizing in fermentation using solid materials such as sawdust, cotton, rice straw, soybean straw, soybean or rice, barley, wheat, food waste, etc. Commercialization is possible through pure culture and fermentation optimization.

Eighth, the present invention can achieve an increase in the number of year-round cultivation, stable production, simplified distribution channels and the like. After the incubation is completed, the present invention achieves rapid and pollution-free packaging and productization due to sterile discharge and automatic packaging, reduction of required labor force, drastically reduction of work space and loading space, and reduction of installation and maintenance cost of equipment.

Then, after harvesting about 2-3 cycles, the lungs are immediately harvested, and the mushrooms are harvested about 1 week after the granulation is performed. In this way, it is possible to cultivate about 12 times from current cultivation of about 3 times, and if it is 6 or more scales to repeat this process, it is possible to send mushrooms continuously throughout the year, It can be secured. In addition, it is possible to secure sales through direct sales to large stores that can be supplied continuously throughout the year, resulting in a significant effect of increasing imports by shortening the distribution period and route.

Claims (10)

In the solid mushroom spawn fermenter or microbial fermenter which makes a mushroom spawn or microorganism fermentation using a solid or semisolid material, In the hollow fermentation tank 10, the stirring member 62 is rotated by the motor 60, and the raw material is stirred during fermentation; The steam and air supply unit 40 is connected to the fermentation tank 10 so that high pressure steam is introduced, thereby enabling complete sterilization of raw materials by steam sterilization; Upper and lower sterile chambers 22 and 85 are disposed above and below the fermentation tank 10, respectively, and the spawn inoculation port 25 and the medium discharge port 16 are installed in the upper and lower sterile chambers 22 and 85, respectively. Aseptic inoculation and excretion are possible; The lower portion of the fermentation tank 10 is equipped with a dispersion tube 50 for evenly injecting the sterile air in the longitudinal direction of the fermentation tank 10 is capable of pure culture without contamination of the medium; The lower aseptic chamber (85) is an automatic packaging machine (90) is arranged mushroom sterile or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that aseptic packaging is possible. According to claim 1, wherein the top one side of the fermentation tank 10, the seed inoculation unit 20 is disposed is provided with a seed fermenter 22 for injecting the seed of the liquid phase, the solid seed in the interior of the fermentation tank 10 It is provided with an upper sterile chamber 26 for feeding into the furnace, the upper sterile chamber 26 is provided with a fan filter unit 28 on one side, the fan filter unit 28 has a hepa filter (not shown) therein The inside of the upper sterile chamber 26 is maintained aseptically by mounting a fan 28a and introducing outside air therein, and the seed inoculation port 25 and the liquid inoculation port for injecting the solid phase spawn to the fermentation tank 10 side. Mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that provided (20). 2. The stirring member (62) is continuously rotated by a motor (60), and the furnace (64a) having a straight cross section and the ribbon (64b) having a curved cross section have one shaft (66). A plurality of mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that the agitated raw material contained in the fermentation tank 10 by being rotated with a plurality of the shaft (60a) of the motor (60). The fermentation tank heating unit 75 of claim 1, wherein one side of the fermentation tank 10 is provided with a fermentation tank heating unit 75 for supplying hot water to the cooling water jacket 12b to increase the temperature of the fermentation tank 10. 75 is provided with a hot water tank 77 having a heater (77a) therein, the hot water pipe (79a) is communicated to the space of the jacket 12b of the fermentation tank 10 through the circulation pump (79) Mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that. The fermentation tank (10) according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation tank (10) has an inner wall (12a) forming a tank of the fermentation tank (10) at the innermost side, and a coolant jacket (12b) formed at the outside thereof, and for constituting the jacket (12b). An intermediate wall 12c and a heat insulating layer 12d such as glass-wool are formed outside the intermediate wall 12c, and an outer wall 12e for wrapping and protecting the heat insulating layer 12d is provided. The fermentation tank 10 is provided with the coolant flows into the coolant jacket 12b through the coolant inlet pipe 11a, and when the coolant is discharged through the discharge pipe 11b, the temperature is quickly lowered and the temperature during the culturing process is increased. A mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that it can be kept constant. The steam and air supply unit 40 is provided with a boiler 42 for producing steam, a compressor 45 and a pressure tank 47 for supplying air at a constant pressure, The steam discharge pipe 42a of the boiler 42 and the air discharge pipes 47a of the air pressure tank 47 are connected to one common pipe 49 and connected to the dispersion pipe 50 inside the fermenter, while the air The discharge pipe 47a is provided with a dryer 53 for removing moisture from the air, and the common pipe 49 has a sterilizing filter 55 having a filter (not shown), an air volume regulator 57, A mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that it is provided with a humidification device (59), etc., to control the humidity and temperature of the air introduced as needed during the operation of the fermentation tank (10). According to claim 2, wherein the spawn inoculation unit 20 is provided with a solution supply unit 30 for adding nutrients to the raw material, one side of the spawn inoculation unit 20, the solution supply unit 30 is a pH adjusting solution supplier (32a), A mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermenter connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that the nutrient solution feeder (32b) is provided to control the culture state. In the fermentation method of the fermentation of mushroom spawn or microorganism using a solid or semi-solid material, Transporting the raw materials through the conveyor (5) to feed the raw materials into the fermentation tank (10) through the raw material inlet (14); Injecting a suitable amount of water into the fermentation tank 10 through a dispersion pipe 50, a predetermined amount by stirring to make a proper moisture and at the same time through the process of sterilization and softening; Stirring after the sterilization and cooling the internal temperature to approximately 20-30 ° C. by passing cooling water through the jacket 12b of the fermentation tank 10; In the case of a solid spawn, inoculating the inoculator prepared in advance in powder, aseptically open the inoculation port 25, in the case of liquid spawn is connected to the fermentation tank 10, or inoculated with flame sterilization inlet; After the inoculation is performed, stirring is continued and the sterile air is introduced through the dispersion pipe 50, and the hot water or cold water is passed through the jacket 12b to maintain the temperature at the optimum temperature for the growth of the bacteria; Taking a sample over time in the course of the cultivation process to put the steam into the sample collecting port 102 so as to cultivate aseptically, sterilize first, and then sterilize the sample again; And after the cultivation is completed, opening the outlet (16) and packaging through a sterile automatic packaging machine 90 while continually discharging the culture complete the culture; mushroom spawn or microorganism solid phase connected to the sterile automatic packaging machine comprising a Fermentation method. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the sampling time interval is performed at a constant time such as, for example, 3 hours, 6 hours; Cell growth analysis in the sample is compared with the naked eye and using a method such as the measurement of glucosamine, a biochemical analysis method, pH measurement is a pH meter after a predetermined amount of the sample is suspended in distilled water or physiological saline The analysis of other residual nutrients and the measurement of metabolites produced are carried out. Based on these basic data, the agitation speed, aeration rate, pH, concentration of each nutrient source, cell weight, and components in the cells are analyzed. By fermenting a mushroom spawn or microbial solid fermentation method connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that it is configured to establish the optimum culture conditions and ensure reproducibility to always obtain the same quality product. The method of claim 8, wherein the sterilization and softening process include closing the raw material inlet 14, connecting the steam boiler 42, and inserting steam through the dispersion pipe 50 to obtain an internal temperature of about 90 ° C. Stir until it is warmed up, and when the temperature inside the fermentation tank 10 reaches approximately 90 ° C.-110 ° C., after sufficient exhaust is made, the exhaust pipe 112 is closed and reaches approximately 100-130 ° C. for about 60-90 minutes. Sterilizing mushroom seed or microbial solid fermentation method connected to a sterile automatic packaging machine, characterized in that the step of sterilization by maintaining this temperature while stirring.