JPH05276831A - Mushroom culture system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a system for mushrooms bulk culture. CONSTITUTION:A heating device 8 is charged with a medium stock via a hopper 7, the stock is then sterilized under heating with saturated steam and sent, via a discharger 8, to a cooling device 9. The stock is then cooled by a sprinkler 12 to an appropriate temperature and inoculated with fungi through a spawn feeder 19 and then fed, via a stock outlet 15, to a mushroom culture device B, where the stock is fed to a medium chute 38 while actuating a winding drum 45. A medium sheet 36 is pulled by the winding drum and advanced on a culture shelf 31, the stock being charged to the rear end of a sheet body 49. Afterwards, the winding drum 45 is also continued to actuate and halted when the rear end of the sheet body 49 has reached the left end of the culture shelf 31. Then, the ropes 53, 54 are removed from the sheet body 49, thus finishing the charging corresponding to one tier for the culture shelf 31.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for growing mushrooms in bulk.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The applicant of the present invention saves labor in cooling equipment by first sterilizing a medium in which a nutrient material is mixed with a wood raw material in a dispersed state by a heating device and then introducing it into a cooling device for water cooling. An application for a device "solid medium sterilizer" (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-208268) that enables uniform heat sterilization has been filed. Based on this invention, research on bulk cultivation of mushrooms has been advanced.

On the other hand, as an example of conventional bulk cultivation of mushrooms, there is a "net winding machine for mushroom cultivation" (JP-A-58-21723). According to the present invention, a clutch is provided on each of a plurality of winding rollers provided on a frame of a net winding machine, so that each roller can be independently rotated and stopped, and a net is laid on a cultivation shelf. The device is configured as described above.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the sheet winding device for laminating the culture medium is provided for each stage, and the structure is complicated. Further, there is no disclosure regarding aseptic cultivation and discharge of used medium.

In view of the above situation, the inventors of the present application have earnestly studied and as a result, if the winding device for the sheet on which the mushroom medium is loaded is vertically movable, the structure is simplified and the mushroom medium manufacturing device is The inventors have found that aseptic cultivation is possible by directly connecting a mushroom cultivation device and cultivating mushrooms, and completed the present invention.

That is, according to the present invention, a groove-shaped sheet guide formed so as to be movable up and down, a winding device including a winding drum for a medium sheet and a guide roller formed so as to be movable vertically, and a medium sheet are wound. A mushroom cultivating device comprising a sheet drum to be housed, characterized in that the medium sheet housed in the sheet drum is configured to engage with a winding device via a sheet guide and a mushroom cultivating shelf, and at one end A heating device having a raw material discharge port and a heating medium supply port at the other end of the raw material input port and having a raw material transfer device inside thereof.
A charging device provided at the raw material input port, a discharge device provided at the raw material output port, a cooling device having a raw material input port at one end and a raw material output port at the other end, and a raw material transfer device and a sprinkler device therein A mushroom medium manufacturing device comprising a raw material discharge port of a heating device and a raw material supply port of a cooling device communicated with each other through a discharge device, a vertically movable groove-shaped sheet guide,
A winding device including a medium sheet winding drum and a vertically movable guide roller, and a sheet drum for winding and storing the medium sheet. The medium sheet stored in the sheet drum is used as a sheet guide and a mushroom. The mushroom cultivating device configured to be engaged with the winding device via the cultivating shelf, and the raw material discharge port of the mushroom medium manufacturing device and the sheet guide of the mushroom cultivating device are directly connected to each other. Is.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the present invention, first of all, a pulverized or crushed wood raw material or corn cob, to which a necessary amount of water is added to a nutrient source of mushrooms, is used as a culture medium raw material. Is introduced into a heating device and heat-treated with saturated steam. Then, the raw material was introduced into a closed cooling device, where it was added with water and cooled, and inoculated with an inoculum.
Send it to the mushroom cultivator and grow the mushrooms.

The woody raw materials include cedar, beech, oak,
It may be any as long as it is suitable for basidiomycetes such as Kunugi, Lauan, zelkova, and maple, and as a nutritional source, natural nutritional sources such as rice bran, fusuma, corn blanc, pearl mulberry, barley rice, and okara, as well as synthetic compounds. Can also be used.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the present invention mainly comprises a mushroom medium producing apparatus A and a mushroom cultivating apparatus B. First, the mushroom medium manufacturing apparatus A will be described. In the figure, 1 is a horizontal cylindrical closed container for sterilizing medium raw materials such as basidiomycetes.
The closed container 1 comprises a screw 2 inside thereof.
And form the heating device 3. A jacket may be installed for the purpose of preventing uneven heating or heat dissipation. The container 1 has a raw material input port 4 at one end and a raw material discharge port 5 and a heating medium supply port 6 at the other end. The raw material input port 4 and the raw material discharge port 5 have a raw material input device 7 such as a rotary valve. , And a raw material discharge device 8 is installed. The heating medium supply port 6 is connected to a saturated steam generation source such as a boiler.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a cooling device for cooling the medium raw material that has been heat-sterilized by the heating device 3, which is a horizontal cylindrical closed container 10, a screw 11 provided in the container 10,
And a sprinkler 12. Closed container 1
0 has a raw material input port 14 at one end, a raw material discharge port 15 at the other end, and an inoculum supply port 17, and the raw material input port 14 is
The raw material discharge port 5 of the heating device 3 and the raw material discharge device 8 are connected.

On the other hand, an inoculum supply port 17 provided in the upper part on the downstream side of the closed vessel 10 is connected to an inoculum supply device 19 of a screw conveyor type via a constant amount feeder 18. A jacket 13 is provided around the lower part of the closed container 10 in the cooling device 9, and the cooling water is circulated therein. Sprinkler 1 provided in closed container 10
The second supply port penetrates the wall portion of the container 10 and opens to the outside, and is connected to a pump or the like.

Next, to explain the mushroom cultivation device B, 3
Reference numeral 1 is a mushroom cultivation shelf formed in multiple stages, each shelf 32 is provided with a guard 33, and its cross section is formed in a groove shape as shown in FIG. 34 has a groove shape as shown in FIG.
A sheet guide having a function of folding the medium sheet 36 in which the mushroom medium 35 is placed, the upstream side of which is formed into a so-called trumpet shape in which the side wall portion is widened as shown in FIG. 2, and the downstream side is close to the shelf 32. It has been extended. Further, 37 is a sheet drum for winding and storing the culture medium sheet 36, and at the same time, it winds up the culture medium sheet 36 and also discharges the mushroom culture medium 35.

Numeral 38 designates a mushroom medium 35 as a mushroom cultivation device B.
The discharge port 39 is provided to face the sheet guide 34, and the downstream side of the sheet guide 34 is opened so that the mushroom medium 35 is discharged to the medium sheet 36. .. The culture medium sheet 36 is inserted between the discharge port 39 of the culture medium chute 38 and the sheet guide 34, and the mushroom medium 35 discharged from the culture medium chute 38 while advancing therethrough is incorporated into the culture medium sheet 36. ..

In the present embodiment, the sheet drum 37 and the sheet guide 34 are fixed to a frame 40 arranged in a rail shape, and a roller 67 (see FIG. 2) is provided by a winch 41 engaged with the frame 40. ) Is configured to be movable up and down. The frame 40, that is, the sheet drum 37 and the sheet guide 34 are configured to be movable in the front-rear direction in FIG. 1 by a roller 43 installed at the lower end of a box-shaped frame 42 that supports the frame 40.

The upper end of the culture medium chute 38 is connected to the raw material discharge port 15 of the mushroom culture medium manufacturing apparatus A. With this configuration, aseptic incorporation and aseptic cultivation are possible. A flexible chute or the like may be used for connection with the mushroom medium manufacturing apparatus A accompanying the movement of the sheet guide 34. Further, the culture medium chute 38 is configured to be expandable and contractible as shown in FIG. 7 so as to correspond to the vertical movement of the sheet guide 34. In addition, the chutes may be added successively in accordance with the vertical movement of the sheet guide 34. Then, in FIG. 1, by storing the mushroom cultivating apparatus B in a sterile room, more reliable sterile culture can be performed.

Reference numeral 44 is a winding device for winding the medium sheet and putting the mushroom medium 35 into the cultivation shelf 31, which comprises a winding drum 45 of the medium sheet 36, a guide roller 46 of the medium sheet 36, and a guide roller 46. The guide roller winch 47 is formed so as to be vertically movable, and these members are installed on the frame 50. The winding device 44 is also movable in the front-rear direction by rollers 48 provided at the lower end of the frame 50.

Next, FIG. 5 shows the structure of the medium sheet 36.
As shown in the figure, the medium sheet 36 includes a sheet body 49 in which the mushroom medium 35 is placed, and the connecting portions 5 on both side surfaces.
Ropes 53, 54 removably engaged with 1, 52
It is composed of This medium sheet 36 is one set in the form of FIG.
Although it may be attached to, it is advantageous in terms of handling to manufacture and attach each set. And medium sheet 3
6, the outer portions 61, 62 of the connecting portions 51, 52 with the ropes 53, 54 are folded into a groove shape when engaged with the sheet guide 34. The medium sheet 36 is composed of only the sheet body 49, and the ropes 53, 5
4 may remain engaged with the sheet drum 37 and the take-up drum 45 at one end.

Numerals 65 and 66 are fixing members, which have a function of integrating the cultivation shelf 31 and the frames 42 and 50, and have a function of ensuring the loading and discharging operations of the mushroom medium 35 and are detachably fixed.

[0019]

The present invention is configured as described above, and a medium raw material, for example, a medium raw material obtained by adding a nutrient such as rice bran to ogre flour is charged into the heating device 3 through the charging device 7. The medium raw material is heated and sterilized by saturated steam in the heating device 3, and then sent to the cooling device 9 via the discharging device 8.

The medium raw material introduced into the cooling device 9 is transferred by the screw 11 and is also cooled by the sprinkling of aseptic cold water from the sprinkling device 12, which also serves as replenishing water for water content adjustment. The medium raw material is also cooled by the jacket 13 when the cooling by watering is insufficient. After the culture medium raw material cooled to an appropriate temperature is added with bacteria by the seed feeding device 19, it is sent from the raw material discharge port 15 to the mushroom cultivation device B.

In the mushroom cultivating apparatus B, at the start of the operation, the medium sheet 36 is mounted on the sheet drum 37, and the sheet guide 34 is attached to the predetermined shelf 32 of the cultivation shelf 31.
To the winch 41. On the other hand, the guide roller 46 of the winding device 44 is also set at a position corresponding to the sheet guide 34.

Next, the rope 54 of the medium sheet 36 is pulled out, and the sheet guide 34, the cultivation shelf 31, the guide roller 4
6 is connected to the take-up drum 45 via each of them, and the tip of the sheet body 49 is positioned at the discharge port 39 of the medium chute 36. Thus, the mushroom medium 35 produced by the mushroom medium producing apparatus A is supplied to the medium chute 38 and, at the same time, the winding drum 45 is operated. The sheet main body 49 is pulled by the drum 45, the sheet main body 49 advances in the cultivation shelf 31, the filling is performed up to the rear end of the sheet main body 49, and the supply of the mushroom medium 35 is stopped by stopping the mushroom medium producing apparatus A. Be done. However, the winding drum 45 continues to operate and is stopped when the rear end of the sheet main body 49 reaches the left end of the cultivation shelf 31.

At this time, the film 60 is pulled out from the film stock drum 55 provided in the vicinity of the medium chute 38 and fixed to the leading end of the sheet main body 49 to prevent the surface of the mushroom medium 35 from being dried. Cover. After that, the ropes 53 and 54 are removed from the sheet main body 49, and the incorporation of one stage of the cultivation shelf 31 is completed. These operations are carried out over each shelf 32, and one cultivation tower 31 is loaded, and then the frames 42 and 50 are moved back and forth to move to another cultivation shelf 31.

The temperature of the cultivation shelf 31 which has been added is 20 ° C.
5 in a controlled room with humidity of around 70%
Cultivate for about 10 weeks, then control the temperature to around 15 ° C and the humidity to around 90% to generate fruiting bodies.
After the fruit bodies have been harvested several times, they are discarded as waste beds.

Regarding the discarding operation, the sheet guide 34 and the guide roller 46 are first positioned on the shelf 32 of the target cultivation shelf 31 by the same procedure as the loading operation. After that, the sheet body 49 and the sheet drum 37 are engaged with each other by the rope 53, and the medium sheet 36 is sequentially wound by the sheet drum 37. At the time of this winding, the waste floor is separated from the sheet main body 49 and discharged to the outside of the system. This operation is sequentially performed, and the waste bed is discharged from the cultivation shelf 31.

Next, another embodiment of the sheet drum 37 is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, a frame 40 is provided with a first discharge guide roller 63 and a second discharge guide roller 64 outside the lower part of the frame 42, and the medium sheet 36 is discharged to the first and second discharge guides when the waste bed is discharged. Roller 6
This is an example of engaging with 3, 64. In the case of this embodiment,
The position of the seat drum 37 is fixed. According to this embodiment, the discharged floor is smoothly discharged to the outside, and the scraper 57 and the washing machine 58 are provided near the second discharge guide roller 64.
It is easy to install.

[0027]

The present invention is constructed as described above, the structure of the winding device is simplified, and aseptic cultivation of mushrooms becomes possible.

[0028]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the sheet guide.

3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG.

FIG. 5: Plan view of medium sheet

FIG. 6 is a diagram of another example of the seat drum.

FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of a medium shoot.

[0029]

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Mushroom medium production device B Mushroom cultivation device 3 Heating device 7 Input device 8 Ejection device 9 Cooling device 19 Inoculum supply device 31 Cultivation shelf 34 Sheet guide 35 Mushroom medium 36 Media sheet 37 Sheet drum 38 Medium chute 44 Winding device 45 Winding device Drum 49 seat body

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Katsumichi Osaki 339 Noda, Noda, Chiba Prefecture Kikkoman Corporation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A vertically movable groove-shaped sheet guide, a winding device including a medium sheet winding drum and vertically movable guide rollers, and a sheet for winding and storing the medium sheet. A mushroom cultivating device comprising a drum, and a medium sheet housed in a sheet drum is configured to engage with a winding device via a sheet guide and a mushroom cultivating shelf. 2. A heating device having a raw material input port at one end and a raw material discharge port and a heating medium supply port at the other end, and a raw material transfer device provided therein, a charging device provided at the raw material input port, and a raw material discharge port. And a cooling device having a raw material inlet at one end and a raw material outlet at the other end and a raw material transfer device and a water sprinkler inside thereof, and the raw material outlet of the heating device and the cooling device. Mushroom culture medium manufacturing device with raw material inlet communicating through discharge device, vertically movable groove-shaped sheet guide, medium medium winding drum, and winding roller that is vertically movable guide roller A mushroom cultivation device configured to include a device and a sheet drum that winds and stores the medium sheet, and the medium sheet housed in the sheet drum is configured to engage with the winding device via a sheet guide and a mushroom cultivation shelf. , Mushroom apparatus, characterized in that for connecting the sheet guide material outlet and mushrooms device mushroom medium manufacturing apparatus directly.