JP2795770B2 - Mushroom cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for bulk cultivating mushrooms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The present applicant first disperses a medium obtained by mixing a woody material with a nutrient source in a dispersing state by a heating device, and then introduces the medium into a cooling device to perform cooling with water. Applied for a device "sterilizer for solid medium" (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-208268) which enables uniform heat sterilization. Based on this invention, research on bulk cultivation of mushrooms has been advanced.

On the other hand, as an example relating to bulk cultivation of conventional mushrooms, there is a "net winder for mushroom cultivation" (JP-A-58-21223). The present invention provides a clutch on each of a plurality of winding rollers provided on a frame of a net winder so that each roller can be independently rotated and stopped, and a net is laid on a cultivation shelf. It is an apparatus configured as described above.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, a winding device for a sheet on which a culture medium is laminated is provided for each stage, and the structure is complicated. Moreover, there is no disclosure about aseptic cultivation and furthermore, the discharge of used medium.

In view of this situation, the inventors of the present application have conducted intensive studies and as a result, if the winding device for the sheet on which the mushroom medium is loaded is configured to be movable up and down, the structure will be simplified, The present inventors have found that if a mushroom is cultivated by directly connecting a mushroom cultivation apparatus, aseptic cultivation is possible, and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a grooved sheet guide formed so as to be vertically movable, a winding device comprising a medium sheet winding drum and a vertically movable guide roller, and a medium sheet being wound. A mushroom cultivation apparatus, comprising a sheet drum to be stored, wherein the medium sheet stored in the sheet drum is configured to engage with a winding device via a sheet guide and a mushroom cultivation shelf, and at one end. A heating device having a raw material discharge port and a heating medium supply port at the other end of the raw material input port and having a raw material transfer device therein;
A charging device provided at the raw material input port, a discharging device provided at the raw material discharge port, a cooling device having a raw material discharge port at one end and a raw material transfer device and a water sprinkling device inside the other end; A mushroom culture medium manufacturing apparatus in which a raw material discharge port of a heating device and a raw material input port of a cooling device are communicated through a discharge device, a sheet guide formed to be vertically movable and having a groove shape,
A take-up device comprising a take-up drum for a culture medium sheet and a guide roller movably formed up and down, and a sheet drum for winding and storing the culture medium sheet. A mushroom cultivation apparatus comprising a mushroom cultivation apparatus configured to be engaged with a winding device via a cultivation shelf of the mushroom culture medium, wherein a raw material outlet of a mushroom culture medium production apparatus and a sheet guide of the mushroom cultivation apparatus are directly connected. It is.

[0007]

In the present invention, first, a required amount of water is added to a crushed or broken wood raw material or corn cob to which a nutrient source of mushrooms has been added to obtain a medium raw material. Is introduced into a heating device and heated with saturated steam. The raw material is then introduced into a closed cooling device, where it is hydrated, cooled and then inoculated with a seed.
Send to mushroom cultivation equipment to grow mushrooms.

The woody raw materials include cedar, beech, oak,
Any nutrients suitable for basidiomycetes, such as kunugi, lauan, zelkova, and maple, may be used. Can also be used.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the present invention mainly comprises a mushroom culture apparatus A and a mushroom cultivation apparatus B. First, from the mushroom culture medium manufacturing apparatus A, 1 is a horizontal cylindrical closed container for sterilizing medium raw materials such as basidiomycetes,
The closed container 1 comprises a screw 2 therein.
Thus, the heating device 3 is formed. A jacket may be provided for the purpose of preventing uneven heating or preventing heat radiation. The container 1 has a raw material inlet 4 at one end and a raw material outlet 5 and a heating medium supply port 6 at the other end. The raw material inlet 4 and the raw material outlet 5 have a raw material input device 7 such as a rotary valve. , And a raw material discharging device 8 are provided. The heating medium supply port 6 is connected to a saturated steam generation source such as a boiler.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a cooling device for cooling the medium raw material which has been heat-sterilized by the heating device 3. The cooling device 9 has a horizontal cylindrical closed container 10, a screw 11 provided in the container 10,
And a sprinkler 12. Closed container 1
0 has a raw material inlet 14 at one end, a raw material outlet 15 at the other end, and an inoculum supply port 17;
The raw material discharge port 5 of the heating device 3 and the raw material discharge device 8 are connected.

On the other hand, an inoculum supply port 17 provided at the upper portion on the downstream side of the closed vessel 10 is connected to a screw conveyor type inoculum supply device 19 via a quantitative feeder 18. A jacket 13 is provided around the lower part of the closed vessel 10 in the cooling device 9, through which cooling water is circulated. Watering device 1 provided in closed container 10
The second supply port penetrates the wall of the container 10 and opens to the outside, and is connected to a pump or the like.

Next, the mushroom cultivation apparatus B will be described.
Numeral 1 is a mushroom cultivation shelf formed in multiple stages. Each shelf 32 is provided with a guard 33, and its cross section is formed in a groove shape as shown in FIG. 34 has a groove shape as shown in FIG.
A sheet guide that functions to fold the medium sheet 36 in which the mushroom medium 35 is contained, the upstream side of which is formed in a so-called trumpet shape with a widened side wall as shown in FIG. It has been extended. Reference numeral 37 denotes a sheet drum for winding and storing the medium sheet 36, and at the same time, winds up the medium sheet 36 to discharge the mushroom medium 35.

Reference numeral 38 denotes a mushroom culture apparatus B
The discharge port 39 is provided facing the sheet guide 34, and the downstream side of the sheet guide 34 is opened so that the mushroom culture medium 35 is discharged to the culture sheet 36. . The culture medium sheet 36 is inserted between the discharge port 39 of the culture medium chute 38 and the sheet guide 34, and the mushroom culture medium 35 that travels there and is discharged from the culture medium chute 38 is included in the culture medium sheet 36. .

In the present embodiment, the sheet drum 37 and the sheet guide 34 are fixed to a frame 40 arranged in a rail shape, and a roller 67 (see FIG. 2) is engaged with the winch 41 engaged with the frame 40. ) So that it can move up and down freely. The frame 40, that is, the sheet drum 37 and the sheet guide 34 are configured to be movable in the front-rear direction in FIG. 1 by rollers 43 installed at the lower end of a box-shaped frame 42 supporting the frame 40.

The upper end of the medium chute 38 is connected to the material outlet 15 of the mushroom medium producing apparatus A. With this configuration, aseptic filling and aseptic cultivation are possible. The connection with the mushroom culture medium manufacturing apparatus A associated with the movement of the sheet guide 34 may use a flexible chute or the like. Further, the medium chute 38 is configured to be extendable and contractible as shown in FIG. In addition, chutes may be successively added according to the vertical movement of the sheet guide 34. Then, in FIG. 1, by storing the mushroom cultivation apparatus B in a sterile room, more reliable aseptic culture can be performed.

Reference numeral 44 denotes a take-up device for taking up the medium sheet and incorporating the mushroom medium 35 into the cultivation shelf 31. The take-up drum 45 for the medium sheet 36, the guide roller 46 for the medium sheet 36, and the guide roller 46 The guide roller winch 47 is configured to be vertically movable, and these members are installed on the frame 50. The winding device 44 is also movable in the front-rear direction by rollers 48 provided at the lower end of the frame 50.

FIG. 5 shows the structure of the culture sheet 36.
As shown in the figure, the culture medium sheet 36 includes a sheet body 49 in which the mushroom culture medium 35 is placed, and the connecting portions 5 on both side surfaces.
Rope 53, 54 detachably engaged at 1, 52
It is composed of The medium sheet 36 is one set in the form of FIG.
Although it may be mounted on the device, it is more convenient to manufacture and mount the device for each set. And medium sheet 3
In 6, the outer portions 61, 62 of the connecting portions 51, 52 with the ropes 53, 54 are folded when engaged with the sheet guide 34, and are formed in a groove shape. The medium sheet 36 is composed of only the sheet body 49, and the ropes 53, 5
4 may remain engaged with the sheet drum 37 and the winding drum 45 at one end.

Reference numerals 65 and 66 denote fixing members that integrate the cultivation shelf 31 and the frames 42 and 50, have an operation of ensuring the operation of loading and discharging the mushroom medium 35, and are detachably fixed.

[0019]

The present invention is configured as described above, and feeds a medium material, for example, a medium material obtained by adding nutrients such as rice bran to sawdust powder to the heating device 3 through the charging device 7. The culture medium material is heated and sterilized by saturated steam in the heating device 3, and then sent out to the cooling device 9 via the discharging device 8.

The medium raw material introduced into the cooling device 9 is cooled by the sprinkling of sterile cold water from the water sprinkling device 12 while being transported by the screw 11 and also serving as water replenishment for adjusting the water content. If the cooling of the culture medium by watering is insufficient, it is also cooled by the jacket 13. The medium raw material cooled to an appropriate temperature is fed to the mushroom cultivation apparatus B from the raw material discharge port 15 after the bacteria are added from the inoculum supply device 19.

In the mushroom cultivation apparatus B, at the start of the operation, the medium sheet 36 is mounted on the sheet drum 37, and the sheet guide 34 is attached to the predetermined shelf 32 of the cultivation shelf 31.
Is set by the winch 41. On the other hand, the guide roller 46 of the winding device 44 is also set at a position corresponding to the sheet guide 34.

Next, the rope 54 of the medium sheet 36 is pulled out, and the sheet guide 34, the cultivation shelf 31, the guide roller 4
6 are connected to the take-up drum 45 via each of them, and the leading end of the sheet body 49 is positioned at the outlet 39 of the medium chute 36. The mushroom medium 35 thus produced by the mushroom medium producing apparatus A is supplied to the medium chute 38, and at the same time, the winding drum 45 is operated. The sheet body 49 is pulled by the drum 45, the sheet body 49 advances along the cultivation shelf 31, the filling is performed up to the rear end of the sheet body 49, and the supply of the mushroom medium 35 is stopped by stopping the mushroom medium manufacturing apparatus A. It is. However, the winding drum 45 continues to operate, and stops when the rear end of the sheet body 49 reaches the left end of the cultivation shelf 31.

At this time, the film 60 is pulled out from the film stock drum 55 provided near the medium chute 38 and fixed to the leading end of the sheet body 49 to prevent the mushroom medium 35 from drying. Cover. Thereafter, the ropes 53 and 54 are removed from the sheet body 49, and the filling of the cultivation shelf 31 for one stage is completed. These operations are performed across the shelves 32, one cultivation shelf 31 is mounted, and then the frames 42, 50 are moved back and forth to another cultivation shelf 31.

The cultivation shelves 31 after completion of the embedding are at a temperature of 20 ° C.
5 in a room controlled to around 70% humidity
Cultivate for about 10 to 10 weeks, and then control the temperature at about 15 ° C and the humidity at about 90% to generate fruiting bodies.
After harvesting the fruiting body several times, it is discarded as a waste floor.

With regard to the disposal operation, the sheet guide 34 and the guide roller 46 are first positioned on the shelf 32 of the target cultivation shelf 31 in the same procedure as the filling operation. Thereafter, the sheet body 49 and the sheet drum 37 are engaged by the rope 53, and the medium sheet 36 is sequentially wound up by the sheet drum 37. At the time of this winding, the waste floor is peeled off from the sheet body 49 and discharged out of the system. This operation is sequentially performed to discharge the waste floor from the cultivation shelf 31.

Next, another embodiment of the sheet drum 37 is shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, a first discharge guide roller 63 and a second discharge guide roller 64 are provided on the frame 40 on the lower outer side of the frame 42, respectively. Roller 6
This is an example in which the engagement is performed with 3, 64. In the case of this embodiment,
The position of the sheet drum 37 is fixed. According to this embodiment, the waste floor is smoothly discharged to the outside, and the scraper 57 and the cleaning machine 58 are disposed near the second discharge guide roller 64.
Installation becomes easy.

[0027]

As described above, the present invention is configured as described above, the configuration of the winding device is simplified, and the aseptic cultivation of mushrooms becomes possible.

[0028]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a sheet guide.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a medium sheet.

FIG. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of a sheet drum.

FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of a medium chute.

[0029]

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Mushroom medium production device B Mushroom cultivation device 3 Heating device 7 Input device 8 Discharge device 9 Cooling device 19 Seed supply device 31 Cultivation shelf 34 Sheet guide 35 Mushroom culture medium 36 Medium sheet 37 Sheet drum 38 Medium chute 44 Winding device 45 Winding device Drum 49 sheet body

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-58-212723 (JP, A) JP-A-2-23863 (JP, A) JP-A-62-208268 (JP, A) JP-A-1- 98422 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01G 1/04

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A winding device comprising a sheet guide formed in a vertically movable manner and having a groove shape, a winding drum for a medium sheet and a guide roller formed in a vertically movable manner, and a sheet for winding and storing the medium sheet. A mushroom cultivation apparatus comprising a drum and configured to engage a culture medium sheet stored in a sheet drum with a winding device via a sheet guide and a mushroom cultivation shelf. 2. A heating apparatus having a raw material inlet at one end and a raw material outlet and a heating medium supply port at the other end and having a raw material transfer device therein, a charging device provided at the raw material inlet, and a raw material outlet. A cooling device having a raw material inlet at one end and a raw material outlet at the other end and a raw material transfer device and a water sprinkler device therein, and a raw material discharge opening of a heating device and a cooling device. A mushroom culture medium manufacturing device in which the material input port is communicated via a discharge device, a vertically movable grooved sheet guide, a winding drum for a culture medium sheet, and a vertically movable guide roller. A mushroom cultivation apparatus comprising a device and a sheet drum for winding and storing the medium sheet, wherein the medium sheet stored in the sheet drum is engaged with a winding device via a sheet guide and a mushroom cultivation shelf. , Mushroom apparatus, characterized in that for connecting the sheet guide material outlet and mushrooms device mushroom medium manufacturing apparatus directly.